Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Liver ; physiopathology ; Liver Function Tests ; methods ; Liver Neoplasms ; physiopathology ; Preoperative Care

Since haemoplasmodium is not detected for screening in blood donor,morbidity of transfusion-associated malaria increased rapidly in China recently and became an important problem of public health.It is necessary to emphasize donor screening for malaria.Hematology analyzer with MAPSS is recommended to screen malaria.Flow cytometry and immunochromatography test(ICT)can also screen malaria effectively.For the suspicious samples with haemoplasmodium,it is necessary to be reexamined by standard microscopic examination or polymerase chain reaction(PCR).

Objective To study retrospectively the efficacy and complications of different surgery approaches used to treat primary spinal tumors and to discuss the surgical strategy in treating them. Methods 135 patients with primary spinal tumors had been treated between July 1998 and July 2005. The following diagnoses were made based on histopathological findings: multiple myeloma in 25 patients, giant cell tumor in 17, neurofibroma or neurilemmoma in 23, chondrosarcoma in 7, osteoblastoma in 6, aneurysmal bone cyst in 4, lymphoma in 9, eosinophilic granuloma in 6, hemangioma in 15, osteosarcoma in 3, Ewing sarcoma in 5, and other different tumors in 15. Anterior approach and posterior approach was used in 73 cases and 31 cases respectively. Posterolateral approach was used in 13 cases and combination of anterior and posterior approach was used in 18 cases. Results Pain relief was obtained in 126 of the 135 patients(93.3%). Improved neurological function was seen in 86 of 92 patients who had suffered from impaired neurological function. No severe complications were found in the follow-up period. Cerebrospinal fluid leakage was observed in 11 patients, and which was successfully treated using antibiotics therapy and raising the foot of the bed. 3 patients suffered from stress ulcer after operation, but they recovered soon after blood transfusion and anti-acid treatment. Other complications included subcutaneous emphysema (in 3 patients), superficial wound infection (in 3 patients),nerve root injury (in 2 patients), implant loosening (in 2 patients), and neurological morbidity due to surgery (in 1 patient). Conclusion When single or two adjacent vertebrae are involved by spinal tumors such as giant cell tumor and chondrosarcoma, tumor resection should be performed through combination of anterior and posterior approach. Aggressive resection based on the Tomita or WBB staging system is the treatment most likely to achieve long-term local control.

Objective To discuss the value of hypotonic-MRCP combined with LAVA dynamic contrast-enhanced scan in diagnosis of duodenal tumor.Methods Five patients with duodenal adenocarcinomas confirmed by pathology were involved in this study.All cases underwent plain MRI and hypotonic-MRCP and LAVA dynamic contrast-enhanced scans.Results 4 of 5 cases were correctly diagnosed with MR imaging.Imaging signs included:the cavum of descending duodenum appeared as asymmetrical stenosis,masses with soft tissue signal intensity connecting the intestinal wall with wide base,the intestinal wall stiff,the intestinal mucosa destruction.The lesions would be slightly-moderately enhanced at LAVA dynamic enhancement scanning.Conclusion Hypotonic-MRCP combined with LAVA dynamic contrast-enhanced scan can display the direct and indirect sign of duodenal tumors,which was effective in identifying the circumscription of the tumor and its extension.

Objective To determine the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in the hippocampus of rats with Alzheimer's disease(AD), and to determine the effect of butylphthalide on them and its significance. Methods Sixty male adult rats were randomly divided into a model group, a Butylphthalide group, and a control group. AD models were established by injecting β-amyloid protein 1-42 into the hippocampus of rats. Sixty days later,the rats were sacrificed and both sides of the hippocampus were sectioned for immunohistochemistry. Results Positive cells of GFAP in the hippocampus of the model group increased and the expression of VEGF decreased statistically, compared with the control group(P<0.01). The positive cells of GFAP in the hippocampus of the butylphthalide group decreased and the expression of VEGF increased significantly, compared with the model group(P<0.05). Conclusion Butylphthalide may protect the neuron-vascular unit of the hippocampus of Alzheimer model rats by inhibiting the expression of GFAP and increasing the expression of VEGF.

A fungus CQ31 isolated from soil samples was identified as Chaetomium sp.. This strain produced effectively xylanases utilizing several liguocellulosic materials in the solid-state fermentation (SSF), and corn straw was the best carbon source. The results of single-factor-experiment showed that the corn straw as the carbon source, tryptone as the nitrogen source, initial moisture content of 80% and initial pH 9.0 were the optimal conditions for xylanase production. Under the optimized conditions, it produced xylanase which was 4897 U/g dry substrate while mannanase was 803 U/g dry substrate after 7 days of cultivation. Therefore, xylanase and mannanase production by Chaetomium sp. CQ31 in SSF possess potential for commercial applications.

Objective To compare the intraoperative opioids-sparing effects of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) of Lieque (LU7)-Quchi (LI11)-Neiguan (PC6)-Hegu (LI4) versus Xinshu (BL15)-Feishu (BL13)-PC6-LI4 in patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy.Methods Sixty ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 34-83 yr,weighing 50-93 kg,scheduled for elective video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =20 each):control group (group C),LU7-LI11-PC6-LI4 group (group S1),and BL15-BL13-PC6-LI4 group (group S2).TEAS was applied to the corresponding acupoints on the operated side starting from 30 min before induction of anesthesia until the end of operation in S1 and S2 groups.The wave length was 0.6 ms when the frequency was 2 Hz,and the wave length was 0.2 ms when the frequency was 100 Hz.The intensity was the maximum current that could be tolerated,and the intensity was 6-18 mA for LU7,LI11,PC6 and LI4,or 20-35 mA for BL15 and BL13.Anesthesia was induced with iv injection of midazolam,propofol,sufentanil and cisatracurium and maintained with target-controlled infusion of remifentanil and propofol,iv infusion of cisatracurium,and iv boluses of sufentanil when necessary.The plasma concentration of propofol was adjusted to maintain BIS value at 40-60 during operation.The initial effect-site concentration of remifentanil was set at 1 ng/ml and then adjusted to 4 ng/ml at skin incision,and the concentration of remifentanil and consumption of sufentanil was adjusted to maintain Analgesia Nociception Index (ANI) value at 50-70.If the concentration of remifentanil was increased to 4 ng/ml,ANI value was still less than 50,and then sufentanil 0.1 μg/kg was injected intravenously.The time of operation and intraoperative consumption ofremifentanil and propofol were recorded.Results Compared with group C,the intraoperative consumption of remifentanil was significantly decreased in S1 and S2 groups (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the intraoperative consumption of remifentanil between group S1 and group S2 (P ＞ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the time of operation and intraoperative consumption of propofol between the three groups (P ＞0.05).Conclusion TEAS of LU7-LI1 1-PC6-LI4 provides similar opioids-sparing effects during operation as TEAS of BL15-BL13-PC6-LI4 in patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy.

Objective To evaluate the intraoperative opioid-sparing effect of different frequency transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) in the patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic pneumonectomy.Methods Eighty patients,aged 40-64 yr,weighing 50-90 kg,of ASA physical status Ⅰ-Ⅲ,scheduled for elective thoracoscopic pneumonectomy under general anesthesia,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =20 each) using a random number table:control group (group Con),stimulation on Lieque (LU7)-Quchi (LI11)-Neiguan (PC6)-Hegu (LI4) at 2/100 Hz group (group 2/100 Hz),stimulation on LU7-LI11-PC6-LI4 at 2 Hz group (group 2 Hz),and stimulation on LU7-LI1 1-PC6-LI4 at 100 Hz group (group 100 Hz).The patients in group Con had the electrodes applied,but received no stimulation.In 2/100 Hz,2 Hz and 100 Hz groups,the patients received 2/100,2 and 100 Hz TEAS on LU7-LI11-PC6-LI4 acupoints ipsilateral to the surgery site,respectively,starting from 30 min before induction of anesthesia until the end of surgery,and the intensity was the maximum current that could be tolerated.Anesthesia was induced with iv midazolam,propofol,sufentanil and cisatracurim,and maintained with target-controlled infusion of remifentanil and propofol,continuous infusion of cisatracurim,and iv boluses of sufentanil when necessary.The target plasma concentration of propofol was adjusted to maintain BIS value at 40-60 during operation.The initial target effect-site concentration of remifentanil was 1 ng/ml,and adjusted to 4 ng/ml at skin incision.The concentration of remifentanil and consumption of sufentanil were adjusted to maintain Analgesia Nociception Index (ANI) at 50-70.When the concentration of remifentanil was increased to 4 ng/ml,ANI was still less than 50,and then 0.1 μg/kg sufentanil was given.The duration of operation and intraoperative consumption of remifentanil and sufentanil (the consumption of sufentanil was converted to the consumption of remifentanil producing the equivalent effect by 1:10) were recorded.Results The intraoperative consumption of remifentanil was significantly reduced in 2/100 Hz group as compared with Con,2 Hz and 100 Hz groups.There was no significant difference in the intraoperative consumption of remifentanil between Con group,2 Hz group and 100 Hz group.Conclusion The use of 2/100 Hz but not 2 and 100 Hz TEAS on LU7-LI11-PC6-LI4 significantly reduces intraoperative opioid consumption in the patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic pneumonectomy.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Fasciitis ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Adolescent ; Brain ; pathology ; Child ; Encephalitis ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Male ; Mycoplasma Infections ; pathology ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae ; pathogenicity ; Retrospective Studies