The endophytic fungi with plant growth promoting effects were screened by co-culture of each endophytic fungus and seedlings of Dendrobium officinale. Anatomical features of the inoculated roots were studied by paraffin sectioning. Morphological characteristics and rDNA ITS1-5. 8S-ITS2 sequences were applied for the taxonomy of endophytic fungi. The results showed that 8 strains inoculated to D. officinale seedlings greatly enhanced plant height, stem diameter, new roots number and biomass. According to the anatomical features of the inoculated roots, each fungus could infect the velamina of seedlings. The hyphae or pelotons were existed in the exodermis passage cells and cortex cells. The effective fungi could not infect the endodermis and vascular bundle sheath, but which was exception for other fungi with harmful to seedlings. Combined with classic morphologic classification, 2 effective strains were identified which were subjected to Pestalotiopsis and Eurotium. Six species of fungi without conidiophore belonged to Pyrenochaeta, Coprinellus, Pholiota, Alternaria, Helotiales, which were identified by sequencing the PCR-amplified rDNA ITS1-5. 8S-ITS2 regions. The co-culture technology of effective endophytic fungi and plant can apply to cultivate the seedlings of D. officinale. It is feasible to shorten growth cycle of D. officinale and increase the resource of Chinese herbs.
Biomass ; DNA, Fungal ; genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal ; genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer ; genetics ; Dendrobium ; cytology ; growth & development ; microbiology ; Endophytes ; classification ; genetics ; physiology ; Fungi ; classification ; genetics ; physiology ; Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Hyphae ; physiology ; Plant Roots ; cytology ; growth & development ; microbiology ; Plants, Medicinal ; growth & development ; microbiology ; RNA, Ribosomal, 5.8S ; genetics ; Seedlings ; cytology ; growth & development ; microbiology ; Species Specificity

Background Myopia is an important risk factor of glaucoma.Investigation of the characteristics of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) and optical head morphology in myopia patients was helpful for differentiating myopic change and glaucomatous change in myopic eye.Objective This study was to investigate the peripapillary RNFLT and papillary parameters in different degrees of myopic eyes.Methods A 5-year case series study was retrospectively analyzed.Total 168 eyes of 168 myopic patients without visual field defect were recruited and divided into three age matched groups according to spherical equivalent (SE):low myopia group (SE:-0.25 ～-0.75 D) (57 eyes),moderate myopia group (SE:-3.0 ～-5.75 D) (57 eyes) and high myopia group (SE:-6.0～-12.0 D) (54 eyes).The RNFLT was measured with scanning laser polarmetry (GDxVCC) and papillary parameters measured with confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope (HRT Ⅱ).Intergroup difference of parameters from GDxVCC and HRT Ⅱ were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and SNK-q test.The correlations between spherical equivalent and RNFLT or papillary parameters was evaluated with multiple linear regression analysis.Results The global average,superior and inferior average,standard deviation,inter-eye symmetry of RNFLT were gradually reduced as the increase of SE with significant differences among the three groups (F=6.193,7.127,3.874,4.098,3.128,P ＜ 0.05).Global average,superior average,standard deviation,inter-eye symmetry of RNFLT were significantly lower in the high myopia group than those in the low myopia group (q =5.334,4.526,4.586,20.679,P＜0.05).An statistically significant reduce in inter-eye symmetry was seen between the high myopia group and the moderate myopia group (q =6.225,P＜0.05) as well as between the moderate myopia group and the low myopia group (q =10.035,P＜0.05).The multiple regression analysis showed that global average,superior average,inferior average,standard deviation,inter-eye symmetry of the R NFLT decreased with the increase of SE (β=0.441,t=6.329,P=0.000;β=0.471,t=6.880,P=0.000;β=0.339,t=4.641,P=0.000;β=0.389,t=5.445,P =0.000 ; β =0.338,t =4.621,P =0.000).Cup volume,linear cup/disk ratio,mean cup depth and maximum cup depth in the high myopia group were significantly lower than those of the moderate myopia groups (q =2.603,P =0.0l 1 ;q =2.105,P =0.037 ; q =2.825,P =0.006 ; q =2.495,P =0.014).Mean cup depth and height variation contour were significantly decreased in the high myopia group compared with the low myopia group (q =2.562,P =0.013 ;q =2.203,P =0.030).Rim area,rim volume,height variation contour were positively correlated with the degree of myopia (β=0.195,t=-2.565,P=0.011 ;β=0.199,t=-2.611,P=0.010;β=0.177,t =-2.311,P=0.022) ; while mean cup depth were negatively correlated with the degree of myopia (β =0.153,t =1.997,P =0.047).Conclusions As the increase of myopia degree,superior and inferior quadrants of RNFLT and cup depth are declined,but rim volume is elevated.Myopia is a confounding factor when RNFL data is interpreted by GDxVCC and papillary parameter by HRT Ⅱ.

The sequences of 5.8S rDNA and the flanking internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 and ITS2) were sequenced from hypha, fruit body and sclerotia of Grifola umbellata and its companion fungus. Their ITS sequences similarity was 99.36%. The results suggested that G. umbellata was closely related to its companion fungus.

Objective To discuss the advance and experience of postoperative management in multivisceral transplantation(MVT).Methods Five patients with abdominal multiple organs malig- nances were subjected to multivisceral transplantation.The excised specimens included the liver,pan- creas,duodenum,stomach,spleen,mesentery and all of the involved lymph nodes.The transplanted organs were liver,pancreas,duodenum and parts of intestine.Patients were monitored and sustained stably in breath,hemodynamics and homoeostasis.The coagulation was also monitored and kept in balance.The intensive immunosuppressive protocol,including steroid,tacrolimus,mycophenolate mofetil and Zenapax,was used to prevent the acute rejection.The endocrine and exocrine of pancreas were tested,color Doppler examination was done every day,and Somatostatin was used to prevent pancreatitis.Drugs to bacteria,fungus and virus infection were prophylactically used.Results All patients waked up with 4-6 h after operation and began recovering with 3-7 days.Dynamic examina- tions revealed that the functions of grafted liver,pancreas and duodenum were satisfactory.No com- plications of acute rejection,pancreatitis,bleeding and thrombosis occurred.Conclusion Many ques- tions in postoperative management related to multivisceral transplantation are devoted to study.Nice experience of management to organ transplantation,detailed monitoring and prophylactically medica- tions are safeguards to steady recovering and further prognosis.

Background Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) is a gold standard of intraocular pressure measurement.But its utilization iS limited because of its complexity and high requirement of cooperation.iCare rebound tonometer (iCare RBT) is a new type of applanation tonometry,and its accuracy and safety in clinical application need to be evaluated.Objective Present study was to investigate the reproducibility and tolerability of iCare RBT and its measurement agreement with GAT over a wide intraocular pressure (IOP) range. Methods The IOP were measured in bilateral eyes of 36 glaucoma and glaucoma suspect patients by 2 examinees with iCare RBT at the 1-minute interval to assess the interobserver reproducibility.Then the IOP of both eyes from 56 Subjeets and other 52 subjects were separately measured twice for each by two operators with iCare RBT for the evaluation of intraobserver reproducibility.Finally.IOP of 182 eyes of 92 glaucoma and glaucoma suspect patients was obtained by examiner 2 with RBT first and examiner 1 with GAT subsequently at a 2.minute interval in a masked fashion to perform an agreement evaluation of two readings by using Bland-Ahman method.The tolerance of subjects to iCare RBT measurement were surveyed.Oral informed consent was obtained prior to the IOP measurement. Results Concerning the iCare RBT readings.interobserver correlation coefficients were 0.937 in the right eye and 0.887 in the left eye.Intraobserver correlation coefficients of examiner 1 were 0.986 in the left eyes and 0.969 in the fight eyes.And those of examiner 2 were 0.990 and 0.979.Mcan values of iCare RBT readings and GAT were(18.74±8.36)mmHg and(19.33±8.20)mmHg and the mean difference values(iCare-GAT)was(-0.59 4±2.60)mmHg with the 95%confidence interval of -5.80-4.60 mmHg.The correlation coefficient between two modalities of IOP measurement WaS 0.95 1.No severe pain and discomfort were complained in all the subjects during or after measurement of iCare RBT. Conclusion iCare RBT has good interobserver and intraobserver reproducibility and good tolerance.It was proved that this is a good correlation between iCare RBT readings and GAT readings.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the antiproliferation effects of aloe-emodin on growth of gastric cancer cells and cell cycle arrest.Methods Human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells were treated with 2.5,5,10,20,and 40 ?mol/L aloe-emodin for 1—5 d.The cell growth was determined by MTT assay.Cell proliferation and cycle distributions were analyzed by flow cytometry.Western blotting assay was used to detect the changes of cell cycle regulators,cyclins,and cyclin-dependent kinases(CDK).Results Aloe-emodin inhibited the growth of gastric cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner.Treatment of aloe-emodin resulted in cell cycle arresting at G2/M phase.Its molecular mechanisms involved the decrease of the expression of cyclin A and CDK2,the increase of the expression of cyclin B1 and CDK1.Conclusion One of the antitumor mechanism of aloe-emodin on the growth of gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells is to arrest the cell cycle,which indicates that aloe-emodin has a potential value for the treatment of gastric cancer in clinic.

Objective To study if tumor retraction assessed by endiscopic uhrasonography (EUS) during radiotherapy has prognostic value in esophageal carcinoma, which may further predict the radiosensi-tivity. Methods The maximal tumor thickness was measured by EUS before radiotherapy and at 40 Gy in patients with esophaged carcinoma. Response was defined as at least 50% reduction in tumor thickness. Re-suits A total of 51 patients were included. The median follow-up time was 28.5 months. The median sur-vival time was 24.3 months. The treatment was radiotherapy alone, concurrent chemoradiotherapy and pre-operative treatment in 35, 10 and 6 patients, respectively. Tumor response was assessed by EUS in 18 pa-tients (34%). The 2-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 69% and 59% for responders, comparing with 37% and 29% for non-responders (χ~2= 5.78, P = 0.016 and χ~2= 3.97, P =0.046, respectively). In radiotherapy alone group, the 2-year OS and PFS were significantly higher in responders (n = 11) comparing with non-responders (n =24)(60% vs 44% ,χ~2 =5.84,P =0.016 and 20% vs 10% ,χ~2 =4.20, P =0. 040). In preoperative radio (chemo) therapy group (n =6), pathological-ly complete response, partial response and minimal response were observed in 4, 1 and 1 patients, respec-tively. EUS detected tumor response in 4 of 5 (80%) patients with tumor regression, and non-response in 1 of 1 patient without tumor regression. Conclusions The prognosis is better in patients with esophageal car-cinoma responding to neoadjuvant treatment identified by EUS than that of non-responders.

Humans ; Ischemic Postconditioning ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury

Objective To explore the diagnosis value of cystatin C(Cyst-C) level on the renal function early impairment of Henoch-Schonlein purpura(HSP).Methods The selected serum creatinine(SCr) normal 45 sufferers,with measured their urine routine analysis,and the same time did serum Cyst-C.Compared with 30 healthy children of serum Cyst-C.Results The levels of serum Cyst-C in HSP were definitely higher than those in healthy group,and the differences were together with its signifincance(P

In this study, an approach based on triple-color fluorescence probes was developed for screening potential nephro-protective bioactive substances. Three fluorescent probes (i. e. FDA, MTR and Hoechst 33342) were used to label HK-2 cells injured by doxorubicin hydrochloride, and cellular fluorescence images were subsequently acquired and analyzed by a cellular-fluorescence image microscopy platform. The established method was applied to screening 53 components of Carthami Flos, and three components C17, C18 and C19 were found to exhibit nephroprotective effects against doxorubicin hydrochloride induced injury on HK-2 cells. Eight compounds (i. e. hydroxysafflor yellow A, 6-hydroxykaempferol-3-O-rutinoside-6-O-glucoside, 6-hydroxykaempferol-3,6-di-O-gluco-side or 6-hydroxykaempferol-6, 7-di-O-glucoside, 6-hydroxykaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, 6-hydroxykaempferol-3-O-glucoside or 6-hydroxykaempferol-7-O-glucoside, rutin, isoquercetin, and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside) in components C17, C18 and C19 were preliminarily identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Isoquercetin, rutin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, and hydroxysafflor yellow A were confirmed by comparing with reference substances, Further study indicated that these four compounds had moderate nephroprotective effects, while isoquercetin showed a significant nephroprotective effect in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that isoquercetin, rutin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside and hydroxysafflor yellow A might be the nephroprotective bioactive substances in Carthami Flos.
Carthamus ; chemistry ; Cell Line ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Flowers ; chemistry ; Fluorescent Dyes ; chemistry ; Humans ; Kidney ; chemistry ; cytology ; drug effects ; Protective Agents ; chemistry ; pharmacology