OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of operative treatment for anteromedial facet fracture of the coronoid process of ulna,and to study its surgical exposures and fixation techniques.

METHODSFrom March 2005 to March 2010,18 patients with anteromedial facet fracture of the coronoid process of ulna were treated with open reduction and internal fixation. There were 12 males and 6 females with an average age of 37.8 years. A single midline posterior incision was used to expose the entire elbow joint. After elevating the full-thickness skin flaps, a lateral incision was made to expose and repair the lateral collateral ligament. Three intervals in the flexor-pronator musculature were used to gain access to the coronoid,depending on the size of the fracture fragment and the planned fixation technique. Fractures were fixed by using mini-plate or with screws. The therapeutic effects were evaluated by Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS) and system of Broberg & Morrey.

RESULTSSeventeen patients were followed up, no patient complained pain and elbow unstable at a mean follow-up period of 38 months(1 to 6 years). The fractures were clinically healed at an average time of 11.6 weeks(ranged from 8 to 16 weeks). The average MEPS was 95.4+/-4.6 (ranged, 82 to 100). The average functional rating of system of Broberg & Morrey was 92.3+/-5.8 (ranged,75 to 100).

CONCLUSIONOpen reduction and internal fixation is effective to reach anatomical reduction and strong fixation for the treatment of anteromedial facet fracture of the coronoid process of ulna.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Ulna Fractures ; physiopathology ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo determine the efficacy and feasibility of the combination of postural reduction and percutaneous kyphoplasty for traumatic thoracolumbar spine fractures.

METHODSThirty-seven patients with single level traumatic thoracolumbar spine fractures were included in this study. There are 28 males and 9 females, with an average age of 48 years (range 24 to 79 years). Patients were treated with postural reduction and then percutaneous vertebroplasty with Calcium Phosphate Cement (CPC) were performed on the fractured vertebra. The results were quantitatively evaluated, according to the concept of estimated vertebral height loss and kyphotic angle of the vertebral fractures by preoperative and postoperative plain standing lateral radiographs. Visual analog scale (VAS) and the fracture vertebra shape changes were recorded.

RESULTSPatients were followed up for 9 to 24 months (average 13 months), pain was significantly relieved compared with the preoperative, VAS was reduced averagely from 7.6 +/- 2.5 to 1.8 +/- 1.5, the anterior and middle vertebral height was restored and kyphotic angle was corrected. During the period of follow up, outcomes were satisfactory, without notable correction loss.

CONCLUSIONIf the indications are correctly handled, the combination of postural reduction and percutaneous kyphoplasty for the treatment of traumatic thoracolumbar spine fractures can provide significant pain relieve and restore the vertebral height and kyphotic angle.

Adult ; Aged ; Feasibility Studies ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Posture ; Spinal Injuries ; surgery ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Vertebroplasty ; methods

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects and complications of the total elbow arthroplasty after the resection of the peri-elbow tumor.

METHODSBetween June 1998 to June 2007, 19 patients underwent total elbow arthroplasty after resection of tumors at the authors department, which involved 13 males and 6 females, including 6 patients with metastatic tumor, 1 with giant cell tumor of bone (GCT), 2 with malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH), 4 with osteosarcoma, 3 with Ewing sarcoma, l with lymphoma, 1 with synovial sarcoma, and 1 with desmoid fibroma of the bone. The age of patients ranged from 15 to 71 years (mean 43 years).

LOCATIONdistal humerus in 9 cases, proximal ulna in 5 and the tumor involving both distal humerus and proximal ulna in 5 patients.

RESULTSPatients were evaluated according to the Mayo Elbow Performance Score. Pain scores decreased from a mean of 3.6 to 2.0. Mean arc of elbow motion from extention to flexion improved from 30 to 80 (range, 55 - 105). Fourteen elbows had excellent or good result (14/19, 77.8%), and 4 elbows had a poor result (22.2%). There was no wound infection or other complication after surgery. During the following up time, 2 patients with metastatic lung cancer, 1 with metastatic rectal cancer and 1 with ovarian cancer died in 2 years after surgery. Two Ewing sarcoma, 1 MFH and 1 osteosarcoma patients occurred lung metastasis (4/18, 22.2%), and two patients had local recurrence (11.1%). Three patients occurred complication during the following time (3/18, 16.7%), the stem of humerus prosthesis came out of channel in 1 case 5 years after surgery, the stem of ulna prosthesis came out of channel in 1 case 4 years after surgery, and both cases did revision surgery. The stem loosening was in 1 humerus prosthesis 4 years after surgery.

CONCLUSIONSThe results show that total elbow arthroplasty after resection of tumors can decrease the pain, and improve the function substantially. For metastatic tumors, this technique also can be used if there is no other good option.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Arthroplasty, Replacement ; Elbow Joint ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms ; surgery ; Postoperative Care ; Treatment Outcome

Multiple myeloma is a malignant disease with high incidence in middle-aged and old-aged population. Bortezomib is a proteasome inhibitor which target mainly is NF-kappaB. This observation is to study the clinical treatment effect of bortezomib in one relapsed multiple myeloma (MM) patient and one primary refractory MM patient. The first patient diagnosed as IgA IIIA stage, whose state of disease became worse after 8 months of autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. And the disease became further aggressive with 4 courses of chemical therapy regimen including methylprednisolone, Arsenic trioxide, dexamethasone, cyclophosphamide, mitoxantrone, VM-26. Myeloma cells in bone marrow and abnormal monoclonal immunoglobulin in blood plasma both increased. Bone destruction became severe, and there was a plasmacytoma about 5 x 6 cm on the patient's right upper chest wall. Therefore, the patient received therapy of bortezomib combined with doxrubicin, dexamethasone and thalidomide (VADT). After one course of therapy with this VADT regimen, IgA in blood plasma decreased from 54 g/L to 6.6 g/L, and abnormal plasma cells in bone marrow decreased from 40% to 0.6%, and plasmacytoma on the patient's right upper chest wall almost absorbed. But there was no obvious clinical effect after the second course of therapy of VADT, and the disease status became progressive again. The second patient was MM patient with a light chain kappa type, III B stage. There was no any effect after two courses of VAD therapy and one course of MOFP therapy. The patient acquired near complete remission after one course of treatment with VADT. Quantity of kappa protein in urine reduced from 24 - 30 g/24 hours to 1.12 g/24 hours. Blood creatinine reduced from 475.3 micromol/L to 124.2 micromol/L. Beta2-MG reduced from 161g/L to 64 g/L. And this patient got complete remission after three consecutive VADT therapy. The mainly side effects of the bortezomib regimen in the first patient include markedly lassitude, diarrhea, numbness of the end of extremities, marked increase of LDH. All the side effects could be tolerated and became disappeared after contraposing treatment and stopping the bortezomib regimen therapy. The second patient complicated with severe subacute left hemiplegia after the bortezomib dose had been increased to 1.45 mg/m2 at the third time of the first VADT course and the complication became worst at the following day. The upper limb muscle strength was only 1 grade and the lower limb muscle strength was 2 grade. Then the condition improved with the support therapy and gradually recovered after two weeks. Therefore, bortezomib is an effective target drug for therapy in refractory multiple myeloma, and more attentions to the side effects should be paid in order to deal with those side effects in time.
Adult ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Boronic Acids ; therapeutic use ; Bortezomib ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; drug therapy ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; drug therapy ; Protease Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Pyrazines ; therapeutic use ; Salvage Therapy

OBJECTIVEThe prostate apoptosis response factor-4 (Par-4) gene was originally identified by differential screening for genes that are up-regulated when prostate cells are induced to undergo apoptosis. Par-4 was found to possess potent apoptotic activity in various cellular systems in response to numerous stimuli. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of small interfering RNA (siRNA) against Par-4 gene on the apoptosis of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) exposed to glutamate.

METHODSPrimary culture of hBMSCs was carried out and siRNAs targeted Par-4 gene (Par-4-SiRNA) were chemically synthesized. Eukaryocytic expression vector was built and were transfected into hBMSCs with liposome. After selecting with G418, the stable cell clones were treated with glutamate. The expression of Par-4 mRNA was determined by real-time PCR. The apoptosis of hBMSCs was quantified by flow cytometry. Western blotting was used to detect the protein levels of phosphorylated Akt1 (Thr308). Relative Caspase-3 activity was determined by colorimetric assay.

RESULTSThe Par-4-SiRNA-1 and Par-4-siRNA-2 could markedly down-regulate the mRNA levels of Par-4 gene in hBMSCs. With the transfections of Par-4-SiRNA-1 and Par-4-SiRNA-2, the levels of Par-4 mRNA were respectively decreased by 88% and 67%. Both Par-4-SiRNA-1 and Par-4-SiRNA-2 inhibited significantly the apoptosis of hBMSCs induced by glutamate, in which the percentages of apoptotic cells were respectively decreased to 38.80% +/- 3.97% (P < 0.01) and 45.49% +/- 4.32% (P < 0.01) from 60.30% +/- 6.82%. Western blot assays demonstrated that, glutamate down-regulated the expression of phosphorylated Akt1 proteins in hBMSCs (89.07 +/- 6.42 and 28.30 +/- 5.65, respectively, P < 0.01). However, Par-4-SiRNA-1 and Par-4-SiRNA-2 could markedly recover the down-regulation of Akt1 proteins induced by glutamate (63.56 +/- 6.75 and 45.59 +/- 4.88, respectively, P < 0.01). And the relative Caspase-3 activity which was enhanced by the treatment with glutamate (0.1428 +/- 0.0495 and 0.8616 +/- 0.1051, P < 0.01), was suppressed by Par-4-SiRNA-1 and Par-4-SiRNA-2 (0.8616 +/- 0.1051 and 0.6581 +/- 0.0555, respectively, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSiRNA against Par-4 gene could inhibit the apoptosis of hBMSCs induced by glutamate, and its inhibitory effects may be mediated by the up-regulation of phosphorylated Akt1 and the suppression of the relative Caspase-3 activity.

Apoptosis ; genetics ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; genetics ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility of mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) in the treatment of airway obstruction in Pierre Robin syndrome (PRS).

METHODSFrom 2007 to 2009, 8 newborns with PRS were treated with MDO. The mandibular distractors were fixed after bilateral oblique mandibular osteotomy. The distraction was started one day after operation, three times a day. The distraction distance was 1.2 mm per day until it reached about 12 -20 mm (mean 15 mm).

RESULTSThe distraction was successfully completed in 8 cases with no complication. The distraction distance reached 15 mm, as we expected. The discontinuity cyanosis, inspiratory dyspnea, dystithia were improved after distraction.

CONCLUSIONSMDO is feasible and safe for the treatment of airway obstruction in PRS.

Airway Obstruction ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Osteogenesis, Distraction ; Pierre Robin Syndrome ; surgery

Animals ; Carbon Tetrachloride ; adverse effects ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury, Chronic ; prevention & control ; Chronic Disease ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; therapeutic use ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C

Based on the optimum clinical evidence, consulting the international guide, the outstanding guidelines of acupuncture clinical practices is formulated in order to promote the process of acupuncture modernization and internationalization. According to consensus of experts, using the questionnaire method, integrating the characteristics and requirements for acupuncture clinical practices, the guidelines reflect the characteristics of acupuncture, for instance, applicability, inheritance, holism, and the discipline characteristics. Thus, the guidelines will standardize the treatments in acupuncture clinical practices, strengthen medical service quality management, control medical costs, and promote the process of acupuncture modernization and internationalization.
Acupuncture Therapy ; standards ; Humans ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Practice Patterns, Physicians' ; standards

In order to study the epidemiological characteristics of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) recipients by means of plasma real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR), 141 adult patients undergoing allo-HSCT between January 2008 and June 2010 were serially monitored by RQ-PCR for detecting CMV and guiding the preemptive therapy followed up to 180 days post-HSCT. The results showed that the incidence of CMV infection and CMV pneumonia was 81.5% and 2.9% respectively, which mainly occurred within 2 months post-HSCT. Single-therapy with ganciclovir (GCV) for 63 patients or foscarnet 6 patients was performed for preemptive therapy. The total efficacy was 87.8%, and the response patterns were different. CMV infection was more frequent in female patients (P = 0.044), and those with aGVHD (P = 0.043), using ATG or basiliximab in conditioning regimens (P = 0.049), as well as earlier in patients using ATG or basiliximab or those with aGVHD (P = 0.007; P = 0.000). The aGVHD, maximum load, positive times of CMV-DNA detection and therapy duration all correlated with the efficacy (P < 0.05). It is concluded that the incidence of CMV infection is still high after HSCT. Plasma RQ-PCR assay for CMV-DNA shows a strong correlation with the clinical outcome of CMV infection, which is useful and suitable for management of CMV infection in HSCT.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Cytomegalovirus ; Cytomegalovirus Infections ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Female ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVESTo explore the mechanisms of neuronal loss and apoptosis in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, through studying the expression of proteins related to signal transduction pathways, which are important for neuron survival.

METHODS(1) Immunohistochemistry: Sections were double stained with Tunel and NSE antibodies. (2) The hippocampal tissue taken from 6 cases of AD and 6 cases of non-AD brains was homogenized. Protein estimation was done by Lowry method. Equal amounts of protein were taken from each specimen and immunoprecipitation was performed and analyzed by Western blot; color development was done by alkaline phosphatase method or luminol reagent.

RESULTS(1) Tunel positive neurons were found in both AD and non-AD brains, but the number in the former was more than the latter. (2) The AD hippocampal tissue showed diminished expression of Akt/PKB, CREB, P-CREB, increased expression of apoptosis-related protein apoptosis-inducing factor, and diminished expression of apoptosis-related protein bcl-2. The expression of bax did not change.

CONCLUSIONSDiminished expression of CREB, P-CREB, bcl-2 in AD hippocampus indicates that the neuron survival signal transduction pathway in AD brains is impaired. Neurons are in apoptotic or pro-apoptotic state. In addition, increased expression of apoptosis-inducing factor, diminished expression of bcl-2, which is an anti-apoptotic factor, promotes further neuron apoptosis.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alzheimer Disease ; metabolism ; pathology ; Apoptosis ; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Neurons ; metabolism ; pathology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; physiology