Cervical Spondylopathy is also called cervical syndrome. It is a serial of symptoms due to inflammation caused by cervical hyperplasia, or herniation of cervical disc, bulge and atrophy, or narrowing of the vertebrae space stimulating and oppressing the nerve root, jugular spinal cord, arteria vertebralis or sympathetic nerve. It is commonly seen in middle aged and senior citizens. Its incidence has increased year by year and the pathogenic age has decreased. The clinical diagnosis are based on cervical vertebrae x-ray, CT, MRI check, assisted by the clinical symptom of cervical vertebrae, extrusion test of intervertebral foramen, brachial plexus tension test and etc. Then subtype treat it according to the results. Flipping, Poking, Pulling and Stretching Manipulation includes 5 parts--kneading tendons and massaging neck, flipping and poking the neck muscles, pointing and 放通, pulling and stretching the neck and arms, relaxing and ending. The manipulation can effectively improve the tension of neck muscle group and adjust the position of pyramid spinous process, so as to improve the oppressing symptoms of intervertebral nerves, vertebral artery and spinal cord, stabilize the cervical vertebrae and cervicomuscular triangular vertebral body. In the clinical observation of 375 cases, the curative ratio of one treatment is 9.3%, that of twice is 25.9%, that of trice is 43.7%, the total effective ratio is 96.8%. Since this kind of disease is mainly caused by improper postures, when cured, the patient should avoid sitting for a long time, resting head on a high pillow and other improper actions. Furthermore, the patient should pay more attention to keep the neck warm, exercise in moderation, have plenty of rest and so recurrence can be avoided.

A novel silica monolithic stationary phase functionalized with butylaminopropyl ligands for capillary electrochromatography(CEC) has been presented. The monolithic capillary columns were prepared by a sol-gel) process and subsequent a chemical modification. The amino groups on the surface of the stationary phase are meant to generate a substantial anodic electroosmotic flow (EOF). The butyl and propyl groups provide) hydrophobic properties. To evaluate the column performance, effects of buffer pH and organic modifier content on the EOF and electrochromatographic retention behavior of alkylbenzenes, organic acids and anilines were investigated. The monolithic stationary phase exhibited reversed phase (RP) chromatographic behavior toward neutral solutes. The model organic acid anion solutes were separated by the mixed mode mechanism, which comprised RP interaction, weak anion-exchange, and electrophoresis. Basic compounds such as anilines) were well separated on the butylaminopropyl silica monolithic column without peak tailing.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the application value of postmortem multi-slice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) in cases of fall from height through observing and analyzing the injury features of the fall and reconstructing the process of the fall based on the the above procedure. METHODS: One real fatal case due to fall from height was fully examined using MSCT and three-dimensional reconstruction technique. Analyzing the manner and cause of death through combination of MSCT and systemic autopsy was also implemented. The differences between autopsy and MSCT in getting information of injuries were compared. RESULTS: Fractures involving multiple body regions and liver rupture were found through MSCT and three-dimensional reconstruction. The autopsy got the same results with imageological examination. The case of death was deduced to be fall leading to systemic polytrauma. CONCLUSION Application of MSCT can be used as the complimentary for traditional autopsy in the analysis of injury manner of fall from height.
Autopsy ; Death ; Forensic Pathology ; Fractures, Bone ; Humans ; Multiple Trauma ; Tomography, Spiral Computed

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of different graft ratios of PEG on the toxicity in vitro and cellular uptake of PAMAM G5 dendrimers. METHODS: Nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy were used to confirm the structure of PEG-PAMAM G5 dendrimers with four different graft ratios. The particle size and Zeta potential of the nanoparticles were determined by nanoparticle size-Zeta potential analyzer. The toxicity in vitro,cellular uptake, and intracellular localization were tested by hemolysis assay,cytotoxicity assay,cellular uptake test,and laser scanning confocal microscope images,respectively. RESULTS: The particle sizes of dendrimers with PEG graft ratios of 7.8%,14.1%, 20.3%,and 24.2% were (17.05 ± 1.77), (20.77 ± 1.02),(21.68 ± 1.04),and (23.19 ± 0.54) nm,respectively. The Zeta potential decreased from (25.57 ± 1.37) mV of PAMAM G5 to (9.27 ± 0.40) mV of PEG31-PAMAM G5. In addition, the hemolytic toxicity and cytotoxicity of PAMAM G5 dendrimers also markedly decreased especially at high concentrations because of PEG modification. Moreover, the PEG-PAMAM G5 dendrimers with particle diameter of nearly 20 nm not only could be taken in by HBMEC cells, but also accumulated in the cell nucleus. CONCLUSION: Modification of PEG can greatly reduce the toxicity of PAMAM G5 dendrimers in vitro, and the higher the degree of modification, the more obvious is the attenuated effect. The PEG-PAMAM G5 dendrimers with particle diameter larger than 20 nm still can be taken in by HBMEC cells and accumulate in the cell nucleus, which provide a foundation for the further research using modified PEG-PAMAM G5 as a basic carrier for genes and nuclear targeting agents in nano medicine.

BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis is a balance disorder between bone formation of osteoblasts and bone resorption of osteoclasts during bone remodeling. Strict control of bone remodeling at the cellular level is important to maintain bone homeostasis and avoid osteoporosis. Previous studies have shown that 1.25×10-2 g/L mogroside V can promote osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, and its mechanism may be related to LncRNA TUG1. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of LncRNA TUG1 in the promotion of osteoblast proliferation and differentiation by mogroside V. METHODS: Osteoblasts from neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats were extracted by two-step enzymatic digestion. The cells were divided into two groups and treated with 0 and 1.25×10-2 g/L Mogroside V. The LncRNA was detected after 2 days of culture. LncRNA TUG1 silencing virus was designed and synthetized. The newly extracted osteoblasts were divided into normal cell control group, mogroside V intervention group, mogroside V+negative virus group, TUG1 silent group, and mogroside V+TUG1 silent group. The proliferation of osteoblasts was observed by FDA fluorescence staining at 2, 4, and 6 days after processing according to the above grouping conditions. After 6 days of treatment on osteoblasts, the effect of TUG1 on osteoblast proliferation and differentiation was studied by alkaline phosphatase staining, alizarin red staining and qRT-PCR. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: LncRNA detection showed that 1.25×10-2 g/L Mogroside V significantly promoted the expression of LncRNA TUG1 in osteoblasts. FDA fluorescent staining showed that silencing of TUG1 inhibited the positive effect of mogroside V on osteoblast proliferation. After 6 days of treatment, alkaline phosphatase staining and alizarin red staining showed that silencing of TUG1 inhibited the positive effect of mogroside V on mineralization of osteoblasts. The results of qRT-PCR showed that Runx2, BSP, OCN and COL1A1 genes were highly expressed in the mogroside V intervention group, but their expression was inhibited in the mogroside V+TUG1 silent group. Overall findings indicate that mogroside V stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts by promoting the expression of LncRNA TUG1.

OBJECTIVETo explore the mechanism of electroacupuncture scalp point-through-point therapy in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.

METHODSThirty-six Wistar rats were randomly divided into a normal group, a sham-operation group, a model group and a point-through-point therapy group. 6-()HDA was injected into left striatum to made lateralization Parkinson's disease rat model. The point-through-point therapy group was treated with electroacupuncture at "Baihui" (GV 20 )-through-"Taiyang" (EX-NH 5), once each day, 6 days constituting one course, for 2 courses, and the rats of other groups were not treated. HE staining method was used for observation of the histo-morphologic changes of the substantia nigra neurons, and RT-PCR for the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine transporter (DAT) mRNAs.

RESULTSThe expressions of TH mRNA (1.22 +/- 0. 19) and DAT mRNA (0.62-0.11) in the point-through-point therapy group were significantly higher than (0.65 +/- 0.17) and (0.41 +/- 0.08) in the model group, respectively (all P < 0.05). As compared with the model group, the number of neurons in the substantia nigra increased and degeneration of the neurons relieved in the point-through-point therapy group.

CONCLUSIONThe electroacupuncture scalp point-through-point therapy can increase expressions of TH mRNA and DAT mRNA in the substantia nigra in the Parkinson's disease model rat, and promote synthesis and reuptake of dopamine, hence Parkinson's disease is cured.

Acupuncture Points ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Electroacupuncture ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Male ; Parkinson Disease ; genetics ; metabolism ; therapy ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Substantia Nigra ; metabolism ; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase ; genetics ; metabolism

Background There are a lot of studies about the carrier of corneal endothelial transplantation,but the best carrier has not been defined.Objective This study was to investigate the biocompatibility of chitosan carrier with rabbit corneal endothelium in vivo.Methods Fresh eye-balls were obtained from 10 New Zealand white rabbits.Rabbit corneal endothelial cells (CECs) were isolated and cultured on chitosan carrier in vitro.The morphology and density of rabbits CECs were observed every day,and the expressions of fibronectin (FN),collagen-1 (Coil-I) and Zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1) were detected by immunoinfluorescence.The morphology and ultrastructure of CECs were observed under the scanning and transmission electron microscope.Chitosan carrier with CECs was implanted into the anterior chamber of the left eyes in ten healthy New Zealand white rabbits,and only paracentesis of anterior chamber was performed in the right eyes as controls.The inflammation of ocular anterior segment was examined under the slit lamp microscope,and corneal thickness was measured 1 week,4 and 8 weeks after operation.Corneal endothelium cell density and morphology were examined under the corneal endothelial microscope at postoperative 2 weeks.Corneal samples were collected for the regular histopathological examination to observe the inflammatory reaction at postoperative 1 month and 3 months.Paired t test was used for statistical analyses between the control group (left eyes) and the experimental group (right eyes).The use and care of the animals followed the Statement of ARVO.Results CECs formed an intact monolayer of cells with the uniform shape and size on the chitosan membrane after incubated for 5 days.The cells reached confluence of 90％ 7 days after cultured with the 40％ hexagon cells.Under the scanning electron nicroscope,rabbit CECs showed the round or polygon in the shape with the microvillus on the cell surface.The cells connected closely by desmosome.The processes,pseudopodiums and microvillus on the cellular surface,vacuole in the cytoplasm,expanded endoplasmic reticulum with ribosome and abundant chromatin were exhibited under the transmission electron microscope.The immunofluorescence examination revealed the positive expressions of FN,Coll-Ⅰ and ZO-1 in the CECs on the chitosan carrier.In the in vivo experiment,the exudation in the anterior chamber and corneal edema were seen under the slit lamp microscope 3 days after implantation of chitosan carrier with CECs.However,the inflammation was gone 14 days after operation.The differences of the corneal thickness were no significant between the experimental group and the control group 1 week and 4,8 weeks after operation (t =1.377,P=0.265;t =1.795,P=0.165 ; t =0.390,P =0.760).In addition,no significant differences were found in the CECs density and the hexagon cells rate between the two groups(P =0.365,0.062).The histopathological examination showed that the inflammatory cells around the chitosan membrane were disappeared 3 months after operation and showed a good corneal structure.Conclusions Chitosan carrier has a good biocompatibility with rabbit CECs and anterior chamber,and it may be a potentially good carrier for CECs transplantation.

Objective To investigate the value in the diagnosis of tumor of the stomach by hypotonic water filling method com-bined with CT multi planar reconstruction (MPR).Methods CT image data of 21 5 cases with gastric tumor confirmed by operation and pathology in our hospital were analysed retrospectively.Conventional CT enhanced scan was obtained in patients with the stom-ach hypotonic water filling condition,and MPR CT characteristics of lesions were observed.Results In the 21 5 cases of gastric be-nign or malignant lesions,MPR showed 5 pathological types in 210 cases.In the conventional CT examination,the tumor diagnosis rate had obvious improvement in different gastric parts and types of the stomach tumors through CT MPR.Conclusion There is high detection rate in the diagnosis of gastric tumors using hypotonic water filling method with MPR,which can accurately display invasion and metastasis,and reduce the misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis in gastric tumor.

The purpose of present study was to investigate the cerebral oxygenation and oxygen uptake (VO₂) during exercise of a combined circuit training (CCT) and a circuit resistance training (CRT). Nine healthy young male subjects performed the following two trails on separate days: 1) CCT trail (three circuits of aerobic exercise for 5 min at 50%VO₂max and 1 set of four resistance exercises at 50% one-repetition maximum) and 2) CRT trail (six circuits of the same resistance exercises and intensity as for CCT without aerobic exercise). Exercise duration of these trails was 30 minutes. Cerebral oxygenation was determined by near infrared spectroscopy, and VO₂ was measured by breath by breath methods. Cerebral oxygenation and VO₂ were continuously monitored during the exercise. Oxyhemoglobin and total hemoglobin concentration during CCT trail was significantly higher than during CRT trail (p<0.05). Average VO₂ and energy expenditure during CCT trail were significantly higher than during CRT trail (p<0.05). These results suggest that a single bout of circuit resistance training combined with aerobic exercise induced greater energy expenditure and cerebral oxygenation than those induced by a resistance training with the same exercise duration.

OBJECTIVETo compare the differences between computer aided identification and ultra-thin layer slicing in measuring the lesions of femoral head necrosis,and to confirm the accuracy and practicability of computer aided method.

METHODSFrom June 2012 to December 2013, the X-ray and MRI of 24 patients (24 hips on unilateral) were reviewed, who had avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFA) at late stage (stage III and IV) according to the ARCO international staging system. There were 15 males and 9 females, with an average age of (65.1 ± 8.8) years old, ranged 33 to 74 years old. Based on the software system with seeds point identification, the ragional adaptive search method with computer aid was used to calculate the volume of necrotic lesion in femoral on MRI. Then the pathological slices of those intraoperative femoral heads were made to measure the gross volume of necrotic lesion in femoral head,and the values were compared with the data in the computer.

RESULTSFor 24 hips, by the calculation of computer, the necrotic volume was (20.00 ± 3.04) cm (ranged, 18.72 to 21.29 cm³). Under the pathological section, the necrotic volume of the femoral head was (19.89 ± 3.17) cm³ (ranged, 18.55 to 21.23 cm³). In computer and pathology two kinds of measurement, the two entire femoral head volume had no significant difference using these two measurements (t = -1.227, P = 0.232).

CONCLUSIONComputer aided identification for necrotic area of femoral head adaptive can demonstrate the morphology of femoral head necrosis accurately and reliably, which will help surgeon better understand the morphology and orientation in femoral head.

Adult ; Aged ; Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted ; Female ; Femur Head Necrosis ; pathology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged