Based on the follow-up investigation made on the employment of university graduates in pharmacy,we analyzed the situation of their jobs,salary and their attitude towards pharmacy and suggested some mothods to promote the graduates employment and give the students the career guidance.Up to now,492 students have graduated,the first employment rate was 78%,and last employment rate was 100%.

ObjectiveTo analyze the imageology appearance and clinical characteristics of primary squamous cell carcinoma of the breast.MethodsFeatures of MRI(4 patients)and B-type ultrasonic inspection(5 patients)of nine patients with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the breast pathologically confirmed were retrospectively reviewed. Compared with postoperative pathological appearance, the correlation between imageology appearance and clinical, pathological characteristics was analyzed. ResultsImageology appearance:In MRI:The tumor diameter was around 50 mm;The tumors were located at nearby papillae;There were two patients with pachymenia at the same time;The tumor margin was unclear,which has clear tumor wall structure and heterogeneous pachymenia,and without corpora mammillaria shadow which was toward interior;The tumors were low signal on T1WI and partially high signal on T2WI;The image with enhancement scanning showed that parenchymatous part of tumor were enhanced,while enhancements were not obviously at the centre of tumor with necrosis.In B-type ultrasonic inspection:The average diameter of tumors was around 40 mm, there were NT=0 mm in 4 cases. NT=19 mum in 1 case. The tumors presented as shape of clump or sublobe,which had unclear margin and high echoic region behind the tumor.There were also normal echo at the tumor lateral in 2 cases at the same time,and 4 cases showed blood supply was abundant, and 2 cases showed that there were colliquation and necrosis which had cystic hypoechoic signal at the tumor interior.MMG:There were class-4 in 2 cases,and Class-3 in 1 case.The tumor with little calcification which had no obvious veining showed uniformly high densities.All patients were treated with entire mastectomy. The patho-staging showed 3 cases were in ⅢB, 1 case was Ⅱ B, and 1 case was in Ⅱ A. Theresults of ER and PR with all patients were negative by using immunohistochemistry. 3 cases were also treated with chemotherapy after surgery; other organs (brain and lung) were found metabasis by follow-up visit of post-operation.ConclusionFor patients with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the breast,MMG inspection before surgery did not have specific imageology characteristics, while MRI has. The combination of MRI, B-type ultrasonic inspection and CNB can detect pathologic types and invasive circumscription,so it may have great applications for choose of surgery style and directions of therapy in the future.

Objective To explore the HRCT characteristics of solitary pure bronchioloalveolar carcinoma.Methods Compared with postop pathological appearance,21 patients with 22 affections tumors which were pathologically confirmed pure bronchioloalveolar carcinoma were retrospectively reviewed.Results the histopathological results prior to surgery showed that 20 patients with 21 affections tumors were non-mucilaginous BAC and 1 patient was mucilaginous BAC.Noguchi's classification:Type A 3 cases,Type B 12 cases,Type C 5 cases.(Mucilaginous BAC was not classified)Stage classification:There were 21 cases with stage ⅠA,the maximum tumor diameter was from 0.3 to 3.0 mm (average diameter 1.3 mm).No case showed pleura metastasis,vessel invasion and lymphaticmetastasis.Appearance of HRCT:according to the amount of GGO,all affections were divided into 4 groups.A group(5/22),B group(7/22),C group(7/22),D group(3/22).There were 11 cases with pleura traction,5 cases with clear boundary and trimmed edges and other 17 cases were contradistinction.There were 21 cases with blood vessel or bronchus shadow.Conclusion HRCT can show scan can provide details of structure characteristics of BAC's pathological histology,so it plays an important role in prediction of pathological infiltration of tumor cells and prognosis assessment.

Objective: To investigate the effects of adrenaline on pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of bupivacaine for interscalene plexus block. Method:Sixteen ASA gradeⅠ-Ⅱadult patients undergoing shoulder or upper limbs operation were randomly divided into two groups (n=8)). The plexus block was induced with 0.75％ bupivacaine 2 mg/kg or 0.75％ bupivacaine 2mg/kg plus 1:200 000 adrenaline. Clinical effects and plasma concentration,the Cmax and Tmax were compared between two groups. Result:The time to reach peak analgesia and the duration of analgesia were longer in adrenaline group than in control group(P

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of modified Atkins diet (MAD) in treating global growth retardation (GDD).Methods:A prospective multicenter clinical controlled study was conducted.The children were included from 8 departments of children′s rehabilitation in Henan Province from July 2017 to October 2017.A total of 154 children who met the inclusion criteria were randomly assigned into the routine treatment group (88 cases) and MAD therapy group (66 cases). A total of 62 children in MAD therapy group and 59 children in routine treatment group completed the study for 15 months.The routine treatment group was provided comprehensive rehabilitation training, and the MAD therapy group was given MAD treatment on the basis of rehabilitation training.Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA was used to compare the differences among datas at different time points. Results:After 3 months, there were significant differences in the scores of the Chinese Version of Urban Infant-Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment (CITSEA)/Achenbach Children′s Behavior Scale (CBCL) between the 2 groups (all P<0.05). Significant improvement was seen in the MAD group.After 6 months, the MAD therapy group had significantly higher scores on the Gesell Developmental Scale for language and social behavior than the routine treatment group (all P<0.05). After 9 months, the scores of the children in the MAD therapy group were better than those in the routine treatment group in the Gesell Developmental Scale adaptive energy area and the infant-junior high school student social life scale (S-M scale), and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). After 15 months, the fine motor in the MAD therapy group was better than that in the routine treatment group ( P<0.05). At the early stage of MAD therapy, 28 patients showed mild adverse reactions that were reversed after symptomatic treatment.No severe adverse reactions were observed. Conclusions:MAD therapy can improve the neuro-development, emotional and social behaviors, and adaptive behaviors with no severe adverse effects.

Objective The aim of this study was to collect diagnosis,treatment,and follow-up information of inpatients with malignant tumors at the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,analyze the distribution and composition of malignant tumor types,mortality,and survival status,and provide reference for the prevention and treatment of malignant tumors in the local area.Methods The case and mortality data of inpatients with malignant tumor from 2010 to 2020 were calculated,and the survival status was collected by follow-up.The composition,different pathological stage,composition and sequential changes of malignant tumors,as well as survival rates of the 1-year,3-year and 5-year were analyzed.Results A total of 111,418 patients with malig-nant tumor were admitted to the hospital from 2010 to 2020.Breast cancer accounted for 20.67％of inpatients,followed by lung canc-er,thyroid cancer,cervical cancer and gastric cancer;The leading cause of malignant tumor death was lung cancer(accounting for 26.70％),followed by gastric cancer,esophageal cancer,liver cancer and colorectal cancer.The 1-year,3-year,and 5-year sur-vival rates were 87.20％,65.80％and 57.20％,respectively.The overall survival rates of patients with stages Ⅰ and Ⅱ malignant tumors were significantly higher than those of patients with stages Ⅲ and Ⅳ(P=0.003).Conclusion Breast cancer,lung cancer,thyroid cancer,cervical cancer and gastric cancer are the high incidence of malignant tumors in Xinjiang,among which thyroid cancer,breast cancer,and cervical cancer have a higher 5-year survival rate.Early screening,diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors should be strengthened,and prevention strategies and resource allocation should be adjusted in time according to the distribution of malignant tumors to reduce the incidence and mortality of malignant tumor and improve the health level of people in Xinjiang.

Objective: To clarify the research status of economic burden of stomach cancer in China from 1996 to 2015. Methods: Based on three electronic literature databases (China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database, Wanfang Database and PubMed), a total of 2 873, 1 244 and 84 articles published during 1996 to 2015 were found, respectively, using keywords of"cancer","neoplasms","malignant tumor","tumor","economic burden","health expenditure","cost","cost of illness", and"China". According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 30 literatures were included in the final analysis. Then the basic information and study subjects, indicators and main results of economic burden were abstracted and analyzed. All the expenditure data were discounted to the values in 2013 by using China's percapita consumer price index. Results: Totally, 30 articles were included, covering 14 provinces and of which 16 were published during 2011-2015. One article was based on population-level and the remaining studies were all based on individual-level. The number of individual-level articles that reported direct medical, non-medical and indirectly economic burden was 29, 1 and 2, respectively. The main indicators of direct medical expenditure were expenditure per patient (22), per clinical visit (9) and per diem (11), respectively. The median expenditure per patient was 7 387-28 743 RMB (CNY), with average annual growth rate (AAGR) of 1.7% (1996-2013). The median expenditure per clinical visit was 18 504-41 871 RMB (2003-2013), with AAGR of 5.5%. The median expenditure per diem was 313-1 445 RMB (1996-2012), with AAGR of 3.7%. Difference was found among provinces. Conclusions The evidence for economic burden of stomach cancer was still limited over the past two decades and mainly focused on individual and regional levels. An increase and differences in provinces were observed in direct medical expenditure. Evaluation on direct non-medical and indirect medical expenditure needs to be addressed.

Objective: To acknowledge the availability and rates of annual transition of outcomes during the progression and regression stages of colorectal cancer (CRC) and related diseases, by pooling global follow-up studies on the natural history of CRC. Methods: Till March, 2017, data was collected through systematic literature review over multiple databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane and Chinese Biology Medicine (CBM) disc. Information regarding the characteristics, classification system of health states, related outcomes and incidence rates on CRC or high-risk adenoma for the surveillance cohorts of the studies, were extracted and summarized. Both Meta and sensitivity analyses were performed on those outcomes if they appeared in more than 3 studies, using the random effects model. Annual transition rate with 95%CI was used to estimate each of the outcomes, Quality of the studies was assessed, using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results: A total of 29 cohort studies were included, with the mean follow-up period as 5.7 years. All studies except one, focused on adenoma-carcinoma pathway and reported the outcome parameters of adenomas by different risk, and some reported the findings on different sizes (n=6) of adenomas. These cohorts were divided into three groups (normal status, with low-risk or high-risk adenoma) according to the status of baseline endoscopic pathologic findings. Their available outcome parameters, corresponding number of involved articles, aggregated sample size and pooled annual transition rates were presented. Six parameters were obtained in the normal cohorts, including those from normal to low-risk adenoma (16 articles, 58 235, 0.030: 0.024-0.037), to high-risk adenoma (17 articles, 62 089, 0.003: 0.002-0.004), to diminutive adenoma (<5 mm, 4 articles, 1 277, 0.021: 0.013-0.029), to small adenoma (6-9 mm, 4 articles, 1 277, 0.006: 0.001-0.010), to large adenoma (≥10 mm, 7 articles, 3 531, 0.002: 0.000-0.003) and to CRC (19 articles, 104 836, 0.000 3: 0.000 2-0.000 5). Three parameters were obtained in low-risk adenoma in cohorts with polypectomy findings, including recurrence (9 articles, 4 788, 0.109: 0.062-0.157) from low-risk adenoma after polypectomy to high-risk adenoma (10 articles, 5 736, 0.009: 0.004-0.013) and to CRC (12 articles, 11 347, 0.000 6: 0.000 4-0.000 8). Three parameters were obtained on high-risk adenoma from cohorts with polypectomy findings, including recurrence (12 articles, 7 030, 0.038: 0.028-0.048) from high-risk adenoma after polypectomy to low-risk adenoma (8 articles, 2 489, 0.133: 0.081-0.185) and CRC (14 articles, 14 899, 0.002: 0.001-0.003). Except for normal to low-risk adenomas, results from the sensitivity analysis for the other parameters showed stable. Of the included studies, two presented incidence rates of CRC in different clinical stages and the another two were focusing on the parameters related to serrated pathway. Conclusions Globally, follow-up studies reported data on natural history of colorectal cancer is of paucity. Compared to the "adenoma-carcinoma" pathway, transition parameters of the serrated lesion pathway are more limited. This Meta-analysis provided convincing evidence for optimizing the strategies regarding follow-up program on the disease, using the baseline endoscopic findings from global CRC Screening Program. These results also offered strong data-related support for Chinese population- specific interventional model on colorectal cancer.

Background: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) strategies in COVID-19 patients differ from those in patients suffering from cardiogenic cardiac arrest. During CPR, both healthcare and non-healthcare workers who provide resuscitation are at risk of infection. The Working Group for Expert Consensus on Prevention and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation for Cardiac Arrest in COVID-19 has developed this Chinese Expert Consensus to guide clinical practice of CPR in COVID-19 patients. Main recommendations: 1) A medical team should be assigned to evaluate severe and critical COVID-19 for early monitoring of cardiac-arrest warning signs. 2) Psychological counseling and treatment are highly recommended, since sympathetic and vagal abnormalities induced by psychological stress from the COVID-19 pandemic can induce cardiac arrest. 3) Healthcare workers should wear personal protective equipment (PPE). 4) Mouth-to-mouth ventilation should be avoided on patients suspected of having or diagnosed with COVID-19. 5) Hands-only chest compression and mechanical chest compression are recommended. 6) Tracheal-intubation procedures should be optimized and tracheal-intubation strategies should be implemented early. 7) CPR should be provided for 20-30 min. 8) Various factors should be taken into consideration such as the interests of patients and family members, ethics, transmission risks, and laws and regulations governing infectious disease control. Changes in management: The following changes or modifications to CPR strategy in COVID-19 patients are proposed: 1) Healthcare workers should wear PPE. 2) Hands-only chest compression and mechanical chest compression can be implemented to reduce or avoid the spread of viruses by aerosols. 3) Both the benefits to patients and the risk of infection should be considered. 4) Hhealthcare workers should be fully aware of and trained in CPR strategies and procedures specifically for patients with COVID-19.