Tinnitus is a common symptom which often becomes disabling, affecting the emotional and psychosocial dimensions of life. Nowadays, therapies for tinnitus vary greatly, none of which could give a satisfactory therapeutic effect however. Intratympanic therapy allows the generation of high concentration of drugs within the inner ear without systemic side effects. This review aims to introduce the commonly used medications and approaches for intratympanic management of tinnitus. Although different medications have been tested for their effects on tinnitus by intratympanic application, no breakthrough has been achieved so far. Consequently, the clinical use of specific medications for tinnitus has remained limited. A more widespread adoption of intratympanic management requires the development of specific medications for tinnitus, as well as proof of their safety and efficacy.
Ear, Inner ; Humans ; Tinnitus ; drug therapy ; Tympanic Membrane

After a description of the concept of microvideo and studies on microvideo in domestic college and university libraries,microvideo in domestic college and university libraries was investigated and the production of microvideo was elaborated with Jining Medical College as an example.Strategies for the solution of problems in microvideo were put forward for its popularization.

It is the trend to integrate the curriculum contents and strengthen the ability training in reform of edu-cation model at present .After the abilities to develop and maintain medical informatics-related information sys-tems, to process medical information and to provide medical information service were analyzed, certain suggestions were put forward for the practical teaching reform of medical informatics according to the requirements of ability training and the characteristics of subject knowledge structure .

Scoring methods used in bidding directly affects the bidding results,it is thus of great importance for the scoring methods used in acquisition of Chinese books to assure the academic level of books bought by college and university libraries and improve the efficacy of funds for acquisition of books.A scientific,rational,standardized and practical comprehensive evaluation method for bidding of acquisition of Chinese books was established by analyzing the application of comprehensive evaluation method in 14 college and university libraries of Shandong Province in order to provide reference for bidding of acquisition of Chinese books in college and university libraries.

Assessment of librarian training effect plays an important role in librarian training, but studies on librar-ian training effect in academic library are few. A rational librarian training effect assessment criteria system was thus constructed by using Delphi method and hierarchy analysis method in order to help librarian training in aca-demic library.

Objective:To investigate effect of the serum contained Radix Astragali, Hirudo, Hirudin and the compounding of these two herbs respectively on the growth cycle and apoptosis of rats' glomerular mesangial cells(GMCs)and observe the morphology of apoptosis. Methods: The growth cycle and apoptosis of GMCs was measured by flow cytometer. Meanwhile morphous of apoptosis was visualized by Wright's staining and observed by microscope. Results: The serum contained Radix Astragali, Hirudo, Hirudin and the compounding respectively can keep most GMCs in the stage of G0/G1,and it had a significant deviation compared with the control(P

Objective To study the effect of the serum contained Radix Astragali, Hirudo or their compound on the growth cycle and apoptosis of rat mesangial cells (MC).Methods The serum contained the extract of high-concentration of Hirudo, the serum contained the extract of high-concentration of Radix Astragali, and the serum contained the extract of high-concentration of Hirudo and the extract of low-concentration of Radix Astragali were prepared. The cultured MC were measured by flow cytometer to observe the changes in their growth cycle and apoptosis. The morphological changes of apoptotic cells were observed.Results The medicinal serums can keep the most MC in the stage of G0/G1, and the significant difference was existing in comparison with that of the control group (P

ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of olsalazine on tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in patients with chronic ulcerative colitis.MethodsSixty patients with chronic ulcerative colitis(observation group),including 22 chronic recurrent cases and 38 chronic persistent cases,were enrolled and treated with olsalazine.Meanwhile,60 healthy volunteers without disease history of ulcerative colitis were selected as control group.The concentrations of TNF- α and IL-10 in serum of the two groups were detected by ELISA and compared.ResultsBefore treatment,the concentration of TNF- α in serum of the observation group was significantly higher than that of control group [ (57.2 ± 10.1 )ng/L vs.(27.2 ± 6.9) ng/L],while IL-10 was significantly lower than that of control group[ (9.2 ± 2.1 ) ng/L vs.(17.3 ±2.9) ng/L] (P ＜0.05).Before treatment,the concentration of TNF-α in serum in chronic persistent patients and chronic recurrent patients[ (56.9 ± 9.9),(57.3 ± 9.7) ng/L ] were significantly higher than that in control group,and serum IL-10 in chronic persistent patients and chronic recurrent patients [ (9.1 ± 2.3 ),(8.4 ± 2.5 ) ng/L ] was significantly lower than that in control group (P＜ 0.05 ).The concentration of TNF- α in serum in observation group after treatment was obviously lower than that before treatment [(28.1 ±8.9) ng/L vs.(57.2 ± 10.1 ) ng/L],and IL-10 was obviously higher than that before treatment [(13.4 ± 10.7) ng/L vs.(9.2 ±2.1 )ng/L] (P ＜ 0.05).The concentration of serum TNF-αand IL-10 in chronic persistent and chronic recurrent patients before and after treatment had statistical significance (P＜0.05 ).ConclusionsOlsalazine can significantly decrease the concentration of TNF- α and increase the concentration of IL-10 in serum in patients with chronic ulcerative colitis.It is worthy of application in clinic.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) of the temporal bone in children. METHOD: Seven children with LCH of the temporal bone n our hospital were retrospectively summed up from April 2009 to April 2014. The patients were followed up 1-5 years, their clinical manifestations, imaging findings, diagnosis, therapy and prognosis were studied. Correlation between clinical classifications and prognosis was also analyzed. RESULT: Among the 7 patients, 4 were boys and 3 were girls. 5 cases belonged to the single system group and 2 cases belonged to the multisystem group. The most common clinical characters were temporal tumor, otorrhea, otalgia, hearing loss and granulation of external auditory canal. CT of the temporal bones showed extensive osteolytic destructions with diffuse soft tissure density, without border sclerotization. The cases were. received different therapies. Followed up for 1-5 years, 4 cases were regressive, 1 case kept stable, while 2 cases showed progressive. The two boys then received standard treatment combined steroids with vinblastine. The prognosis in the multisystem group was significantly different from the single system group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The clinical manifestations of LCH vary a lot. The diagnosis is based on histological and immunophenotypic examination of lesion tissue. The main therapy includs surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The prognosis of the single system group is much better than the multisystem group.
Child ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Deafness ; etiology ; Ear Canal ; pathology ; Ear Diseases ; etiology ; Female ; Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Steroids ; therapeutic use ; Temporal Bone ; pathology

ObjectiveTo study the neuron protection mechanism of Uncariae Ramulus Cum Uncis extract for the MPTP-induced PD mice.MethodsC57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group, model group, Uncariae Ramulus Cum Uncis extract group and madopar group, and injected with MPTP in abdominal cavity. Behavior test was used to detect grabbing capacity and body movement coordination capacity: three biochemical indexes (SOD, MDA, GSH-Px) were detected by biochemical process and the activity of two immune enzyme-linked indexes (IL-1β, IL-6) were detected by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay.ResultsCompared with the control group, the autonomic activity numbers of mice increased and climbing pole time decreased in the model group (P<0.05), enzymatic activity of SOD and GSH-Px decreased significantly and the contents of MDA, IL-1β and IL-6 increased obviously (P<0.01). Compared with model group, the autonomic activity numbers of mice increased and climbing pole time decreased in the Uncariae Ramulus Cum Uncis extract group and madopar group (P<0.05). Enzymatic activity of SOD and GSH-Px increased and the contents of MDA and IL-1β and IL-6 decreased (P<0.05,P<0.01).ConclusionUncariae Ramulus Cum Uncis extract can reduce neuronic apoptosis PD mice, whose therapeutic action may be realized through eliminating oxygen free radicals, improving oxidation resistance and reducing inflammatory reactions.