Objective In this study,the effects of moderate treadmill exercise and estrogen replacement treatment on the production of liver nitric oxide(NO)and the expression of endothelial nitrie oxide synthase(eNOS)and inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)in ovariectomized(OVX)rats were observed.Methods Female mature SD rats were randomly divided into six groups according to their body weight:sham group(group S),sham exercise group (group S+EX),group OVX,OVX+exercise group (group OVX+EX),OVX+estrogen group(group OVX+E_2),and OVX+exercise+E_2 group(group OVX+EX+E_2).The rats ran on the treadmill at a speed of 18m/min for 60min,5 times per week.50μg/kg of E_2 was given subcutaneously three times per week to groups OVX+E_2 and OVX+EX+E_2.After 14 weeks,NO production in the liver was determined by nitrate reductase method.Protein expression of eNOS and iNOS was determined by immunohistochemistry.Results The NO content of group S was significantly lower than that of group S+EX,but significantly higher than that of group OVX.The NO content of groups OVX+EX,E_2,and OVX+EX+E_2 were significantly higher than that of group OVX.The positive reaction of eNOS mainly located in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes and endothelial cells of the hepatic sinusoids in all groups.The changing tendency after exercise or/and estrogen replacement was almost similar with that of the content of NO.The positive reaction of iNOS mainly located in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes in groups S,S+EX,E_2,and OVX+EX+E_2,while it located in the nuclei in both groups OVX and OVX+EX.Conclusion Moderate exercise and estrogen supplementation both had the same effect of upregnlated synthesis of NO in liver of ovariectomized rats.

Objective To evaluate the emotions and quality of life in the patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) .Methods 38 TAO patients with normal thyroid function and 34 healthy subjects were recruited .The patients with TAO were further divided into the mild and moderate-severe group by EUGOGO criteria .The depressive and anxious status and quality of life of all subjects were assessed by the rating scales .Results The incidence rate of anxiety and depression in the patients with TAO was 36 .8% and 28 .9% separately ,which were higher than 8 .8% and 5 .9% in the controls(P<0 .05) ,but the quality of life scores in TAO patients were lower than those in the controls (P<0 .05) .The subgroup analysis indicated that the incidence rate of anxiety and depression in female TAO patients was 50 .0% and 45 .5% separately ,which were higher than that in male TAO pa-tients 18 .8% vs .6 .3% (P<0 .05) ,but the quality of life scores in female TAO patients were lower than those in male TAO pa-tients(P<0 .05) .Compared with the mild-moderate group ,an obviously higher incidence rate of anxiety (21 .7% vs .60 .0% ,P<0 .05) and depression(8 .7% vs .60 .0% ,P< 0 .05) were observed in the severe group with the lower quality of life scores (P<0 .05) .Conclusion (1) TAO affects the emotions and the quality of life of TAO patients .(2) TAO patients have a statistically higher incidence rate of anxiety and depression and a lower quality of life ;this phenomenon is more obvious in female patients .(3) The patients with severe TAO are more likely to have anxiety and depression ,as well as a lower quality of life .

Objective Comparatively studying the method,efficiency and anti-hypoxia ability of cardiomyocytes which are directionally induced from human embryonic stem cells and mouse embryonic stem cells in vitro so as to provide an experimental basis for further study of inducing the differentiation of embryonic stem cells into cardiomyocytes in vitro.Methods Human embryonic stem cells are induced into cardiomyocytes by suspension method which dosen't using inducersand adherence method which using inducers respectively.Mouse embryonic stem cells are induced into cardiomyocytes by hanging drop method which dosent using inducers and using inducer respectively.Staining the specific marker cTnT of cardiomyocytes by immunofluorescence.Comparing the time,percentage and beating frequency of cardiomyocytes by counting under the microscope.Using apoptosis-hoechst staining kit to detect the apoptosis ratio of beating cardiomyocytes which have been treated by hypoxia with 24 h.Results The group of hESC without inducers results in that the mean time days of appearing beating cardiomyocytes is (13.9 ± 0.9) days,the percentage is 20.8 ％ and the average frequency of beating is (63.8 ± 5.6) times/min.The group of hESC with inducers results in that the mean time days of appearing beating cardiomyocytes is (13.0 ± 1.1) days,the percentage is 66.7％ and the average frequency of beating is (63.0 ± 7.0) times/min.The group of mESC without inducers results in that the mean time days of appearing beating cardiomyocytes is (14.3 ± 1.0) days,the percentage is 12.5％ and the average frequency of beating is (80.2 ± 3.9) times/min.The group of mESC with inducers results in that the mean time days of appearing beating cardiomyocytes is (12.2 ± 1.2) days,the percentage is 81.3％ and the average frequency of beating is (79.9 ±7.7) times/min.Beating cardiomyocytes of each group are positive to cTnT staining.Different apoptosis ratio are detected of beating cardiomyocytes of each group.Conclusion The four methods can all successfully induce the differentiation of embryonic stem cells into myocardiocytes,and the adherent method of hESC induced with activin A + BMP4 is the first successful induction in China.The groups adding inducers improve the differentiation efficiency more significantly than the groups without adding inducers.Inducing mouse embryonic stem cells into cardiomyocytes is more simple and efficient compared with human embryonic stem cells.Without the presence of other protective factor,anti-hypoxia ability of cardiomyocytes induced from human embryonic stem cells is stronger and the beating time are longer in vitro compared with mouse embryonic stem cells.

Objective To detect the serum levels of 25‐hydroxy vitamin D[25‐(OH)D] ,homocysteine(HCY) andβ2‐microglob‐ulin(β2‐MG) in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM ) and to investigate the relationship between serum HCY and β2‐MG with 25‐(OH)D and its clinical significance .Methods A total of 139 cases of T2DM were selected anddivided into 3 groups , the normal albuminuria group for [urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR)< 30 mg/gCr ,45 cases] ,microalbuminuria group (UACR ≥ 30 mg/gCr and < 300 mg/gCr ,48 cases) and massive proteinuria group (UACR ≥ 300 mg/gCr ,46 cases) according to the urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR) .Other 45 individuals undergoing the physical examination were selected as the con‐trol group .The serum 25‐(OH)D level was measured by electrochemiluminescence .Serum HCY level was determined by the enzy‐matic method .Serum β2‐MG level was measured by the latex enhanced immune turbidity method .At the same time ,the biochemical indicators of FBG ,HbA1C ,serum calcium and phosphorus were measured .Results The serum 25‐(OH)D level was decreased with the increase of urinary albumin in the DM patients .And the serum 25‐(OH)D level in the microalbuminuria group and the massive proteinuria group was significantly decreased compared with the normal albuminuria group and the control group ,the difference was statistically significant(P<0 .01) .The serum HCY and β2‐MG levels in the microalbuminuria group and the massive proteinuria group were significantly increased compared with the healthy control group ,the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05) . Conclusion The serum 25‐(OH)D level is decreased with the increase of urinary albumin in the diabetic patients .The serum HCY andβ2‐MG levels are increased with the increase of urinary albumin and serum 25‐(OH)D level is negatively correlated with the HCY andβ2‐MG levels .

The purpose of our research was to evaluate the protective effect of the effective part of Acanthopanacis senticosus (AS) on the damage of PC12 cells induced by MPP+, an in vitro cell model for Parkinson's disease. Cell viability and apoptosis of PC12 cells induced by MPP' were assayed by MTT and flow cytometry respectively in the presence or absence of the effective part of AS. The contents of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), nitric oxide (NO), nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined by UV spectrophotometer. Our study showed that the survival rate of PC12 cells was markedly increased while cell apoptosis was decreased in the range of 200 to 400 mg x L(-1) of the effective part of AS. The contents of LDH, NO, NOS, MDA were reduced. Our experimental results indicated that the effective part of AS had the protective effect on the damage of PC12 cells induced by MPP+. The underlying mechanisms might be the combination of reduction of LDH leakage and decreases in the contents of NO, NOS and MDA, and finally prevent the apoptosis in PC12 cells and increase the cell survival rate.
1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ; toxicity ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Araliaceae ; chemistry ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Neurons ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Neuroprotective Agents ; administration & dosage ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; PC12 Cells ; Parkinson Disease ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Rats

Objective: To analyze the spatial temporal distribution characteristics of tuberculosis among high school students at county levels in Gansu Province from 2018 to 2022,so as to provide a scientific basis for tuberculosis prevention and control in schools. Methods: Tuberculosis data from high school students in counties (districts) reported in Gansu Province from 2018 to 2022 was collected from the Tuberculosis Information Management System and Infectious Disease Information Reporting System of the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information Management System. Demographic data of high school students in counties (districts) came from the General Management System of the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information Management System, and the spatial clustering of the reported incidence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis among high school students in Gansu Province in the past five years was analyzed using the methods of global spatial autocorrelation (Moran s I) and local indicators of spatial audocorrelation(LISA). Results: A total of 41 885 pulmonary tuberculosis cases were reported in various counties of Gansu Province From 2018 to 2022, with an average reported incidence rate of 32.81/100 000. During the same period, 1 170 high school students cases were reported, with an average reported incidence rate of 13.72/100 000. With the exception of 2020, the reported incidence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis among high school students was non random distribution in other 4 years, showed a moderate intensity of spatial clustering. From 2018 to 2022, most counties in Gansu Province reported that the incidence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis among high school students was 10.00/100 000 or below, the counties with reported incidence rate >40.00/100 000 were mainly distributed in Luqu County, Maqu County, Diebu County, Hezuo City, Xiahe County of Gannan Prefecture, Gangu County and Wushan County of Tianshui Prefecture, Wenxian County and Kangxian County of Longnan Prefecture, Huachi County of Pingliang Prefecture, Huanxian County of Qingyang Prefecture. The number of counties where the reported incidence rate of tuberculosis among high school students more than 30.00/100 000 gradually decreased from 2018 to 2022. In the past five years, the reported incidence rate of tuberculosis among high school students in all counties of Gannan Prefecture remained above 40.00/ 100 000 . The LISA analysis results showed that the high incidence areas were mainly concentrated in Gannan Prefecture. Conclusions The epidemic situation of pulmonary tuberculosis among high school students in Gansu province from 2018 to 2022 is still a serious condition, showing the characteristics of unbalanced regional distribution. The reported incidence rate shows a strong spatial clustering, and the hot spots are concentrated in the counties (districts) of Gannan prefecture in Gansu Province.

Based on promoting the " sports and health integration" and with the aim of the positive role of traditional sports in promoting public health in an all-round and whole-cycle way, this paper uses the literature research method to explore the connotation of traditional sports in ancient Chinese books and literatures, such as " treating no diseases" , " treating mild diseases" , " treating desired diseases" and " treating existing diseases" . The traditional exercise prescription is interpreted from the modern language such as the amount of exercise and intensity, application time, role, standardization and matters needing attention, so as to provide the theoretical basis for the integration of traditional exercise prescription into grassroots health management by providing exercise promotion services for healthy, sub-healthy, sick and rehabilitated people.

Objective To observe the gastric changes in adult male Sprague-Dawly (SD) rats irradiated by the single large dose electron beam,providing animal experimental evidence for intraoperative radiotherapy for gastric cancer.Methods Thirty-eight SD rats were randomly divided into the control and experimental groups.The stomach of the rats in the experimental group were subject to single 6 MeV 20 Gy irridiation by using the patent technology of Accurate Irradiation Experiment Table for Small Animal Radiation.The general conditions,gastric injury and body weight change were observed at different days following irradiation.Results The most severe gastric damage of rats was observed on the 14th d after irradiation.The gastric injury was gradually repaired accompanied with glandular atrophy at 28 d postirradiation,and the gastric injury was manifested as cellulose fibrinous repair on the 56th d after irradiation.Within 1 week post-irradiation,weight loss was noted in the experimental group,which significantly differed from the rats in the control group (P＜0.05).During the 2nd week,the body weight was increased in the experimental group,significantly lower compared with the rats in the control group (P＜ 0.05).The body weight of rats did not significantly differ between two groups at 6 weeks after irradiation (P＞ 0.05).Conclusions The most severe gastric injury is observed at 2 weeks after the single-dose 6 MeV electron beam 20 Gy irradiation,whereas no gastric perforation occurs.The gastric injury can be restored to normal status within 8 weeks following irradiation.

Objective:To investigate the characteristics, causes and preventive strategies of intraoperative and postoperative complications of Da Vince robotic radical resection for lung cancer.Methods:From January 2018 to June 2020, 306 patients with lung cancer who underwent robotic radical resection of lung cancer in our department were reviewed, the perioperative data were statistically analyzed. There were 154 males and 152 females, aged(58.5±10.3) years old, 238 lobectomy cases and 68 segmental lobectomy cases.Results:There were no perioperative death, no conversion to thoracotomy, and no intraoperative vascular injury. Intraoperative blood loss was(41.5±37.4)ml, 302 cases(98.7%) underwent R0 resection, 54 cases(17.6%) of intraoperative bleeding from troca mouth of robot operating arm. 32 cases(10.5%) of postoperative complications, including 3 cases(1.0%) of chylothorax, 1 case(0.3%) of pleural effusion, 28 cases( 9.2%) of alveolar fistula over 7 days with 5 cases of large area subcutaneous emphysema.Conclusion:The most common intraoperative complication in robotic lung cancer radical operation is troca bleeding, and the most common postoperative complication is alveolar fistula. Robot surgery is safe, and targeted preventive measures can reduce the incidence of complications.

Objective:To compare the short-term outcomes of segmentectomy for stage ⅠA non-small cell lung cancer by two surgical methods.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on 101 patients with stage ⅠA non-small cell lung cancer and undergoing segmentectomy admitted to the Department of Thoracic Surgery of The General Hospital of the Northern Theater Command from July 2016 to July 2020, including 50 patients who underwent Da Vinci robotic segmentectomy and 51 patients who underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic segmentectomy during the same period. By collecting the clinical data of the patients, the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, lymph node dissection stations, lymph node dissection number, drainage volume on the first day after the operation, total drainage volume on the third day after the operation, postoperative chest catheter insertion time, postoperative hospitalization days, and postoperative complication rate were compared and analyzed.Results:Patients in both groups successfully completed pulmonary segmental resection, and there were no cases of conversion to thoracotomy and perioperative death.Compared and analyzed the postoperative clinical results of the two groups, the intraoperative blood loss [(34.40±12.96) ml vs.(85.10±26.41)ml, P=0.000], the number of lymph node dissection stations(4.72±1.20 vs. 3.60±1.40, P=0.000) and the number of lymph node dissection(15.14±5.91 vs. 10.76±5.26, P=0.000) showed statistically significant differences, and RATS group was superior to VATS group.There were no statistically significant differences in operation time[(153.90±21.88) min vs.(155.39±25.04) min, P=0.751], drainage volume on the first day after surgery[(217.80±76.94) ml vs.(210.98±86.98) ml, P=0.678], total drainage volume three days after surgery[(612.60±169.93) ml vs.(595.10±203.90) ml, P=0.641], duration of chest drainage tube after operation[(5.36±2.33) days vs.(5.18±2.54) days, P=0.706], postoperative hospitalization days[(7.50±2.35) days vs.(7.47±2.93) days, P=0.956]and postoperative complication incidence. Conclusion:Da Vinci robot segmentectomy is a safe and effective surgical method, with less bleeding and more lymph node dissection stations and number than video-assisted thoracoscopic segmentectomy for stage ⅠA non-small cell lung cancer.