BACKGROUND:Three-dimensional (3D) nanofiber scaffolds are aimed to mimic the physical and chemical signals of stem celsin vivo. 3D nanofiber scaffolds, which are capable to maintain the activity of stem cels, are promising in tissue regeneration and stem celltherapy. OBJECTIVE:To review the synthesis methods for 3D nanofiber scaffolds, and the interactions of stem cels and 3D scaffolds as wel as the current progress of 3D nanofiber scaffolds in tissue engineering. METHODS:Web of Science was searched with key words of “tissue engineering, nanofiber scaffold, stem cellfate” in English for articles relevant to stem celltissue engineering and 3D nanofiber scaffolds. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:3D nanofiber scaffolds can mimic the physical architecture ofin vivo microenvironment due to its nano-scale topology. Chemical modification of scaffolds endows chemical cues to stem cels. Therefore, 3D nanofiber scaffold can be a promising delivery vehicle of stem cels in tissue engineering. Nanofiber scaffolds can be synthesized through self-assembly, sol-gel phase separation, and electric spinning. 3D nanofiber scaffolds have been shown to improve thein vitro proliferation of hematopoietic stem cels, embryonic stem cels, mesenchymal stem cels, and neural stem cels. 3D nanofiber scaffolds with specific topology/chemical properties can induce the differentiation of stem cels into bone, cartilage, nerve, or muscle. 3D nanofiber scaffold which provides a satisfactory microenvironment for stem cellenhance the performance of stem celltherapy.

Objective To investigate the relationship between coexisting depression and anxiety (CDA)and quality of life of female nurses in general hospitals.Methods Seven hundred and ninety-three female nurses completed Zung' s Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS),Zung' s Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and the World Health Organization' s Quality of Life Questionnaire-Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF).According to the cut-off scores of SDS and SAS,all subjects were divided into 4 groups (non-depression and non-anxiety,pure depression,pure anxiety,and CDA).Group differences in SDS,SAS and WHOQOL-BREF scores were compared.Results Of these 4 groups,CDA group had the highest SDS and SAS scores (P ＜ 0.001) (SDS scores:(34.3 ±5.4),(47.1 ±4.0),(39.4 ± 2.4) and (49.7 ±4.2)) and the lowest WHOQOL-BREF scores (P≤0.033)(WHOQOL-BREF physical domain scores:(15.6 ± 2.0),(13.8 ± 2.0),(13.6 ± 1.6) and (12.1 ± 2.0)).The corresponding stratification analysis (controlling for confounding factors) showed consistent results.Conclusion CDA nurses have the most severe depressive and anxious symptoms and the worst quality of life,and thus are the key target population of mental health service.

Objective To detect the expression of TGF-β1 mRNA and ERβwt mRNA in peripheral blood monoanclear cells (PBMCs) in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), and their relationship with pathogenesis of CFS. Methods Fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR (FQ-RT-PCR) was used to examine TGF-β1 mRNA and ERβwt mRNA expression of peripheral blood monocytes in 63 cases with CFS,50 cases with other diseases, and 50 healthy controls. The gene expression levels were calculated with the formula △Ct=Ct(target gene) - Ct(internal control). Results The mean TGF-β1 mRNA expression of CFS patients (△Ct = 3.27 ± 0. 58) was higher than that of disease controls (△Ct = 4. 54 ± 1.05, t = 8. 11, P <0.01) and that of healthy controls (△Ct = 4. 37 ± 1.00, t = 7. 02, P < 0. 01). The mean ERβwt mRNA expression of CFS patients (△Ct =9. 34 ±0. 92) was lower than that of disease controls(△Ct =7.12±0. 47, t = 15.44 ,P < 0. 01) and that of healthy controls(△Ct = 7. 10 ±0. 48, t = 15.47, P < 0. 01). Conclusions The TGF-β1 mRNA and ER βwt mRNA expression levels of PBMCs are siguificantly elevated in patients with CFS. It may be implicated in the pathogenesis of CSF.

Objective: To investigate the correlations between parameters of histograms of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) with multi-b-value diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) at 3.0T MRI and prognostic factors and molecular subtypes of breast cancer, to evaluate the diagnostic performance of ADC histograms at different b values. Methods: A total of 114 patients (116 lesions) with inva-sive ductal carcinomas confirmed by surgical pathology who underwent breast magnetic resonance imaging from March 2015 to Janu-ary 2016 in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital were analyzed retrospectively. The histograms of ADC with b val-ues of 0, 500, 800, 1000, and 1,500 s/mm2 were generated using Image J software. Various parameters were calculated: for example, the minimum, mean, mode, skewness, and kurtosis. Different groups were based on the molecular subtypes, tumor size (T1 vs . T2-3), histologic grade (high vs. low), and lymph node status (positive vs. negative) that were recorded. Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare the differences in ADC histogram parameters between two different groups. Receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) were constructed. Results: The skewness was lower in Luminal tumors than that in non-Luminal tumors with b values of 500, 800, 1, 000, and 1,500s/mm2 (P<0.05). The ADCmin was higher in human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) over-expression than in non-HER-2 over-expression (P<0.05). The kurtosis was lower in stage T1 tumors than stage T2-3 tumors (P<0.05), and kurtosis was cor-related with tumor size (P<0.05). ADCmode and ADCmean were different between different histological subtypes with a b value of 500 s/mm2 (P<0.05). Under different b values, there were no significant differences in terms of areas under the curve for each histogram pa-rameter, which had statistically significant differences (P>0.05). Conclusions: Multi-b-value DWI ADC histogram analysis, as a quantita- tive method to characterize tumor heterogeneity, can reflect the biological behavior and prognosis of breast cancer to some extent, and the diagnostic performance of ADC histograms showed no significant differences in differentiating molecular types and prognostic factors of breast cancer at different b values.

Objective:To investigate the utilization of health management services and its influencing factors among new urban population.Methods:It is a cross-sectional study. From July 2020 to March 2021, a stratified random sampling method was used to extract 1978 new urban population in Jining city, and an anonymous self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted using a self-made questionnaire ′Residents Health Questionnaire′. The survey included general demographic characteristics, personal behavior lifestyle and medical care status. The χ2 test and binary logistic regression were used to analyze the factors influencing the utilization of health management services by new urban population. Results:The overall utilization of health management services in the new urban population was 47.22%. There were significant differences in utilization of health management services among new urban population with different gender, age, education level, occupation and monthly income. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that female ( OR=1.354, 95% CI: 1.094-1.676), people aged over 60 years ( OR=1.873, 95% CI: 1.413-2.483), people with a mean monthly income over 3 000 yuan ( OR=1.498, 95% CI: 1.123-1.997), people engaged in light manual labor ( OR=1.596, 95% CI: 1.003-2.539), people who exercise regularly( OR=2.400, 95% CI: 2.028-2.841) and people having social basic medical insurance ( OR=2.633, 95% CI: 2.042-3.394) had better utilization of health management projects. People who sat more than 3 hours a day ( OR=0.630, 95% CI: 0.532-0.745) had lower utilization of health management care. Conclusion:The utilization of health management projects in the new urban population is low. Gender, age, monthly income, physical exercise, sedentary time, daily labor intensity and social basic medical insurance status are the main influencing factors.

Objective:To analyze the temporal trends of the incidence rate of tuberculosis (TB) in Shaanxi Province and provide a reference for WHO to control the prevalence of TB effectively.Methods:Joinpoint regression was used to analyze the trend of the incidence rate of TB in Shaanxi Province from 2004 to 2022, and the seasonal autoregressive moving average model was used to forecast the incidence rate of TB in Shaanxi Province to 2030.Results:The incidence rate of TB in Shaanxi Province decreased from 90.896/100 000 in 2004 to 35.364/100 000 in 2022, showing a general downward trend (AAPC=-7.72%, P<0.001). From 2014 to 2019, the reduction trend slowed down (APC=-0.69%, P=0.814), of which the largest decline occurred from 2019 to 2022 (APC=-13.26%, P=0.010). The predicted incidence rate of TB in Shaanxi Province from 2020 to 2022 was higher than the reported incidence rate, with the expected incidence rate of 51.342/100 000 in 2022 and 43.468/100 000 in 2030. Conclusion:The incidence rate of TB in Shaanxi Province shows a downward trend from 2004 to 2022, but the decline has shrunk in recent years. It is predicted that the downward trend will continue to slow down by 2030.

Objective:To analyze the temporal trends of the incidence rate of tuberculosis (TB) in Shaanxi Province and provide a reference for WHO to control the prevalence of TB effectively.Methods:Joinpoint regression was used to analyze the trend of the incidence rate of TB in Shaanxi Province from 2004 to 2022, and the seasonal autoregressive moving average model was used to forecast the incidence rate of TB in Shaanxi Province to 2030.Results:The incidence rate of TB in Shaanxi Province decreased from 90.896/100 000 in 2004 to 35.364/100 000 in 2022, showing a general downward trend (AAPC=-7.72%, P<0.001). From 2014 to 2019, the reduction trend slowed down (APC=-0.69%, P=0.814), of which the largest decline occurred from 2019 to 2022 (APC=-13.26%, P=0.010). The predicted incidence rate of TB in Shaanxi Province from 2020 to 2022 was higher than the reported incidence rate, with the expected incidence rate of 51.342/100 000 in 2022 and 43.468/100 000 in 2030. Conclusion:The incidence rate of TB in Shaanxi Province shows a downward trend from 2004 to 2022, but the decline has shrunk in recent years. It is predicted that the downward trend will continue to slow down by 2030.

Objective To explore the mechanism of Buyang Huanwu Decoction for"treating different diseases with same therapies"in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and Alzheimer's disease(AD)based on network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques.Methods Firstly,the active ingredients of seven herbs in Buyang Huanwu Decoction were searched and screened by TCMSP,SymMap and other databases,the target prediction of these active ingredients was carried out by PharmMapper.The disease targets of T2DM and AD were collected from OMIM,DrugBank,GeneCards and Disgenet databases.The potential targets of Buyang Huanwu Decoction for"treating different diseases with same therapies"in T2DM and AD were obtained by intersecting with targets of active ingredients and the disease targets.Then STRING database and Cytoscape software were used to construct the PPI network and"herbs-components-targets"network,respectively.The core targets and pharmacodynamic components were screened through network topology analysis.Furthermore,GO functional and KEGG enrichment analysis was performed for potential targets using Metascape database.Finally,AutoDock software was used to verify the molecular docking between the selected components and targets.Results Ninety-four active components of Buyang Huanwu Decoction can act on 342 protein targets,and 100 intersection targets were obtained by comparing with 3 140 AD targets and 1 708 T2DM targets.GO functional enrichment analysis showed that these targets were mainly involved in MAPK cascade-mediated regulation,hormone-mediated signaling pathways,cellular response to lipids,regulation of inflammation response and other biological processes.MAPK,PI3K/Akt,FoxO,AGE/RAGE,insulin resistance,lipid and atherosclerosis,and non-alcoholic fatty liver signaling pathway were significantly enriched in KEGG analysis.PPI and topology analysis of"herbs-components-targets"network were used to screen out 10 core targets such as MAPK8,MAPK14,GSK3B,PPARG,and 10 core pharmacodynamic components such as paeoniflorin,benzoyl paeoniflorin,(+)-catechin.The results of molecular docking showed that these components had strong binding ability to the targets.Conclusion The core components of Buyang Huanwu Decoction,such as paeoniflorin and catechin,may act on PPARG,GSK3B and other key targets,and participate in the regulation of signaling pathways including MAPK and PI3K/Akt,which play a role in"treating different diseases with the same therapies"of T2DM and AD.

OBJECTIVE: To identify phytochemical constituents present in the extract of flowers of Xanthoceras sorbifolia and evaluate their anti-oxidant and anti-hyperglycemic capacities. METHODS: The AlCl₃ colorimetric method and Prussian Blue assay were used to determine the contents of total flavonoids and total phenolic acids in extraction layers, and the bioactive layers was screened through anti - oxidative activity in vitro. The Waters ACQUITY UPLC system and a Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C₁₈ column (2.0 mm × 150 mm, 5 μm) were used to identify the ingredients. And anti-oxidative ingredients were screened by off-line UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS-free radical scavenging. The ameliorative role of it was further evaluated in a high-fat, streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rat model and the study was carried out on NADPH oxidase (PDB ID: 2CDU) by molecular docking. RESULTS: Combined with the results of activity screening in vitro, the anti - oxidative part was identified as the ethyl acetate layer. A total of 24 chemical constituents were identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in the ethyl acetate layer and 13 main anti-oxidative active constituents were preliminarily screened out through off-line UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS-free radical scavenging. In vivo experiments showed that flowers of X. sorbifolia could significantly reduce the blood glucose level of diabetic mice and alleviate liver cell damage. Based on the results of docking analysis related to the identified phytocompounds and oxidase which involved in type 2 diabetes, quercetin 3-O-rutinoside, kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside, and isoquercitrin showed a better inhibitory profile. CONCLUSION The ethyl acetate layer was rich in flavonoids and phenolic acids and had significant anti-oxidant activity, which could prevent hyperglycemia. This observed activity profile suggested X. sorbifolia flowers as a promising new source of tea to develop alternative natural anti-diabetic products with a high safety margin.