Objective To observe the preventive effect of epidural injection with low - dose of ketamine on postanesthesia shivering(PAS) undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Methods Sixty ASA Ⅰ～Ⅱ grade patients aged 35 ～ 72 years undergoing PCNL were randomly divided into kctamine group (n = 30, Epidural injection of 0.5mg/kg of ketamine) ,Control group(n = 30, Epidural injection of 10ml saline). The rate of shivering was observed and recorded during operation,and blood pressure and respiration were measured. Results The rate of shivering in ketamine group(10%) was significantly lower than that in control group(46.7%, P ＜ 0.05) ,There were no significant differences of blood pressure and respiration between two groups (P ＞ 0.05). Conclusion Epidural injection 0.5 mg/kg of ketamine on postanesthesia can prevent shivering in PCNL.

Objective To observe the effect of Exendin-4 on the apoptosis of cardiomyocyte induced by H2O2,and approach the relationship between GLP-1 signal pathway and the injury of cardiomyocyte.Methods Cardiomyocytes were isolated and cultured,and were divided into 5 groups.Intercelluar ROS (reactive oxygen species) was measured,and cell apoptosis rate was evaluated by Flow cytometry in different groups.Also expressions of apoptosis-associated proteins (caspase-3) and PI3 K/AKT were evaluated by western blot.Results Compared with H2O2 group,Ex-4 co-incubation decreased the production of intercelluar ROS levels,also improved the cardiomyocyte apoptosis.At the same time,Ex-4 resulted in the alterations in expressions of the caspase-3 and p-AKT/AKT proteins.However,these effects of Exendin-4 were counteracted significantly by the co-incubation of LY294002.Conclusion The interventions of GLP-1 signal pathway can improve cardiomyocyte apoptosis induced by H2O2 incubation,and the mechanisms might partly attribute to the PI3K/AKT system.

Objective To investigate the use of salvianolate injection for inpatients in our hospital; To primarily evaluate its rationality and security in clinic.Methods Medical records using the salvianolate injection from December 2013 to March 2014 were surveyed statistically and analyzed in respect of patient gender and age, department, disease diagnosis, usage and dosage, solvent types, treatment course, medicine combination, occurence of ADR, etc.Results Totally 600 cases of inpatients receiving salvianolate injection were collected, about 69.33% consistent with the indication, 67.00% with a correct single dosage, and 52.50% with a correct treatment course. In the clinical application of salvianolate injection, a high rate of unreasonable usage was found in indication, single dosage, treatment course and medicine combination.ConclusionBecause the problems still existed in the use of salvianolate injection, it should be used strictly according to the medicine instructions and General Principles for Clinical Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine Injection to ensure clinical medication safety.

Objective To evaluate whether the predictive value of admission hyperglycemia for mortality differs between diabetics and non-diabetics with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).Methods A total of 1534 consecutive patients admitted with ACS to Central Control Unit of Beijing Friendship Hospital were analyzed.Among these patients,1332 patients who had a venous plasma glucose record at admission were retrospectively enrolled and were stratified according to admission glucose levels with or without diabetes.The primary end point was in-hospital and 2-year all-cause mortality.Results In patients without a history of diabetes,649 patients had glucose level ≤7.8 mmol/L(group A),204 patients with 7.8-11.0 mmol/L (group B) and 142 patients ＞ 11.0 mmol/L (group C).Of those with diabetes,124 patients were in group A,142 in group B and 126 in group C.By Cox regression analysis,admission hyperglycemia (group B,HR 1.48,P =0.05 ; group C,HR 2.78,P ＜ 0.001) was an independent predictor of long-term all-cause mortality in patients without diabetes.In patients with diabetes,blood glucose ＞ 11.0 mmol/L (group C,HR 2.68,P ＜ 0.001) also independently predicted long-term all-cause mortality.Conclusions Compared with the diabetic patients,elevation of blood glucose at admission is common in ACS patients without definite history of diabetes.Admission hyperglycemia should be considered as a risk factor strongly correlated with in-hospital and 2-year all-cause mortality in patients with ACS.

BACKGROUND: By detecting vasoactive substances of experimental rats with myocardial ischemia, pharmacological mechanism of xiongbitong was studied in this research.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of xiongbitong capsule on release of vasoactive substances of rats with myocardial ischemia.DESIGN: A completely randomized controlled study.SETTING: Department of Health, Weifang Medical College; Department of Physiology, Department of Immunity and Pathogenic Biology, Department of Internal Medicine, Weifang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine.MATERIALS: The experiment had been carried out in the Laboratory of Physiology of Weifang Medical College from January 2003 to June 2003.The cleansing grade 30 Wistar rats, 6-8 months, of either sex, were randomly divided into three groups:namely, normal control group, model control group and model group of treatment with xiongbitong capsule.METHODS: [1] At 12 hours before making model, rats of model treatment group were irrigated with xiongbitong capsule 2.5 g/kg (a capsule contents dried medicinal herbs 1 g), which consists of tuckahoe, rhizoma, immature bitter orange, exocarpium citri grandis, rhizoma acori tatarinowi, moxibustion, dalbergia wood, mongolian snakegourd, curcuma root, red sage root,root of donopsis pilosula, ilyturf root, ophiopogon, polygala root, date kernel etc., and dissolved in 4 mL physiological saline. AT ten hours after making model, they were irrigated with same dose once more. The rats of normal control group and model control group were irrigated with the same dose physiological saline at the same time. One hour after the first irrigation, the animal models of myocardial ischemia of rats of model control group and model treatment group were established by injecting vitriol isoprenaline according to 10 mg/kg subcutaneously. [2] Endothelin (ET), calcitonin generelates peptide (CGRP), 6-keto-prostaglandin Fl alpha (6-keto-PGF1α) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2) in the plasma of rats were detected according to the explanation of Institute of Beijing East Asia Immune Technique. [3] The analysis of variance and q test were used for comparing between groups.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Contents of vasoactive substances in the plasma of rats in each experimental group.RESULTS: The date of all thirty rats was entered the final analysis. [1]The contents of (TXB2) and ET, TXB2/6-Keto-PGF1α, ET/CGRP: Compared with the model group, the normal control group and model treatment group reduced obviously (q=2.99-9.87, P ＜ 0.05-0.01). [2] The contents of 6-Ke-to-PGF1α and CGRP: Compared with the model group, the normal control group and model treatment group increased obviously [(603.3 ±90.6),(190.0±64.2) ng/L; (560.7±111.1), (174.9±41.4) ng/L; (380.4±705),(114.9±36.4) ng/L, q=3.88-7.64, P ＜ 0.05-0.01].CONCLUSION: Xiongbitong capsule may suppress unusual release of vasoactive material at myocardial ischemia area obviously, increase the content of expanding the blood vessel material, and correct out-of-balance of content of important TXB2, 6-keto-PGF1α, XTB and CGRP in the body.

Objective To study the clinical characteristics of acute non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction(NSTEMI).Methods 211 patients of NSTEMI and STEMI underwent coronary artery angiography and echocardiogram.Patients'history and symptome were collected and the data of coronary artery angiography and echocardiogram were analyzed.Results Compared with STEMI,NSTEMI patients had more risk factors and postinfarction angina pectoris;severe coronary artery disease and three coronary vessel disease.But NSTEMI had relatively little effects on cardiac function.Conclusion NSTEMI always has more severe coronary artery disease and postinfarction ischemic effects.So more attention should be paid to its standard therapy.

Medical students are the reserves of medical and health service in our country. Strengthening medical students' cultivation and improving their professional quality can play an important role in protecting people's health more efficiently. We must think highly of medical students' duty consciousness, creation consciousness, legal consciousness, problem consciousness, service consciousness and cooperation consciousness.We should enable medical students to have healthy medical professional personality and establish the foundation for the sustainable development of the health care industry of our country.

Soybean fungal root rot diseases are the most serious soybean disease problem in Heilongjiang province. The microbial seed dressing agent comprised of Bacillus strain B29 which showed strong antagonistic ability to the pathogens of Fusarium oxysporum, Pythium spp. and Rhizoctonia solani were applied to control soybean fungal root rot in field. The control efficiencies of the treatment T3, T4, T5, T6 on soybean fungal root rot after 35-day cultivation were 50.2%, 60.0%, 48.3%, 49.4% respectively, which were better than that of Carbendazim-Carbofuran-Thiram seed coating agent (T2). The second investigation after 50-day cultivation showed the control efficiency of T4 was the best (60.7%), while the control efficiency of T3 was not significantly different from T2. The control efficiencies of T5 and T6 were lower than that of T2. The microbial seed dressing agents were safe to soybean cultivation based on the investigation on seed germination rate, plant height, fresh weight and root nodules. The results based on 2-year demonstrating in field showed that soybean seeds germinating rate was more than 90% after seeds dressing by the microbial seed dressing agents, and the control efficiencies on soybean root rot diseases were 56.3% to 89.1%. It suggested that the microbial seed dressing agents were not only efficient to control soybean root rot diseases but also increased soybean productions.

OBJECTIVE:To optimize the drying technology of Zingiber officinale peel and establish its quality standard. METHODS:Moisture content was determined in samples after being dried for different time(0.5-10.0 h)under 50,60,70,80, 90 ℃. Optimal drying time under each temperature was screened by using moisture content of 7%-13% as dryness for controlling standard. Then contents of 6-gingerol,8-gingerol,6-shogaol,10-gingerol in samples dried for optimal drying time under different temperatures were measured,using the 4 gingerol contents as indexes to optimize the drying temperature and time. And verification test was conducted. The moisture,total ash,water soluble extract,volatile oil,6-gingerol,8-gingerol and 10-gingerol of Z. offici-nale peel from 10 different producing areas were detected to establish quality standard after being dried with the optimal technology. RESULTS:The drying time of Z. officinale peel under 50,60,70,80,90 ℃ was determined as 10.0,4.2,2.6,1.5,1.1 h,re-spectively. The optimal drying technology was 50 ℃ drying for 10.0 h. Verification test showed RSDs of 6-gingerol,8-gingerol, 6-shogaol,10-gingerol contents were 1.46%,1.09%,1.35%,1.12%(n=3),respectively. The quality standard of Z. officinale peel was suggested that total ash was no more than 18.0%;water soluble extract,volatile oil,6-gingerol,8-gingerol,10-gingerol were respectively no less than 18.0%,1.30%,0.730%,0.060%,0.100%. CONCLUSIONS:The optimized drying technology of Z. officinale peel is reasonable,reliable,stable and simple,which provides a scientific basis for standardizing the drying technolo-gy and quality standard of Z. officinale peel. The established quality standard is feasible.

Porcine transfer factor(TF-P) was prepared from porcine spleen by means of hom-ogenization and vaccum dialysis. Fractionized by Sephadex G-10 gel chromatography,TF-P could be separated into seven fractions but five fractions were obtained from human transfer factor(TF-h) .These fractions of TF-P and TF-h and different dilutionsof TF-P were tested for biological activity in vitro. By the use of ~3H-TdR uptake assay we found that, both of whole TF-P and TF-hpossessed suppresivs activity to PHA-induced human periperal blood lymphocyte tran-sformation. Whereas, Fraction Ⅲ of TF-P and Fraction Ⅲ and Ⅳ of TF-h containedcomponents responsible for augmentation of PHA-induced responses. When TF-P was diluted 10~(-2) to 10~(-5) and cultured with normal human peripheralblood lymphocytes, we found that the original suppression effects of whole TF-P toPHA-induced lymphocyte transformation were converted to normal. The optimum dil-ution of TF-P was 10~(-3), which were shown to augment responses. It shoud be notedthat the responsiveness of normal human lymphocytes to TF-P was dose dependent.