Objective:To develop a UV optical fiber in situ process monitoring method for the dissolution behavior of five cepha-lexin solid dosage forms and compare the drug dissolution behavior of different cephalexin preparations. Methods: The dissolution of five different cephalexin preparations was on-line monitored according to the dissolution method for cephalexin tablets in Chinese Phar-macopeia (2010 edition) combined with a six channel optical fiber chemical sensor in situ dissolution monitor. Results:The dissolu-tion curves could show the drug release characteristics of different cephalexin preparations, and the five different preparations exhibited various drug release features. Conclusion:An in-situ, real time, on-line and process analysis of dissolution can be obtained by optical fiber dissolution test system automatically. The release characteristics of different preparations can be presented through dissolution curves directly, which can provide reference for the overall assessment of drug internal quality and clinical medication.

Objective To investigate the effect and safety of long-term use of atorvastatin on carotid atherosclerosis in advanced elderly patients.Methods Totally 61 elderly patients with carotid atherosclerosis were permitted into study.They were treated with atorvastatin (20 mg/d) and followed-up for five years.The carotid atherosclerosis parameter and the serum levels of TC,TG,LDL-C,HDL-C,fasting blood glucose (FBG),ALT,AST,STB,CB,Bun,Cr and creatine kinase (CK) were measured before and 5 years after treatment.Results During fellow-up,2 patients died of severe pneumonia and 1 patient died of operation complications of intestinal obstruction,with mortality rate of 4.9％.2 patients (3.4％) gave up treatment because of muscle-related side-effect.Data was collected in 56 patients achieving study end.There was significant decrease in LDL-C (P＜0.05) and increase in HDL-C (P＜0.05),but there was no change in serum levels of TC,TG,FBG,ALT,AST,STB,CB,BUN,Cr and CK (P＜0.05) after 5 years.The total area of carotid atherosclerosis plaque was reduced [(0.63±0.41)cm2 vs.(1.07±0.67)cm2,P＜0.05] and echo of carotid atherosclerosis plaque was enhanced (2.67±0.52 vs.1.53±0.44,P＜0.01),but carotid intima-media thickness(IMT) appeared no change after five years.Conclusions Atorvastatin is safe in the treatment of advanced elderly patients,it can make carotid atherosclerosis plaque smaller and stable after long-term treatment.

Objective To construct and identify the recombinant retroviral vectors expressing siRNA for MDR1 gene knock-down,sequentially to detect the reversing effect of RNAi on the multidrug resistant phenotype in MCF-7/ADR cells. Methods The target sequences of siRNAs for MDR1 knock-down were designed by IDTdna online. The DNA sequences containing a palindrome structure were synthesized and annealed to form double-stands which were inserted into linear pSUPER vectors later. The recombinant vectors were identified by agarose gel electrophoresis after cleaving of double enzymes and by sequencing,then were transfected into 293T packaging cells which produced retroviral particles in supernatant,the retrovirus soup was used to infect MCF-7/ADR cells. The expression level of MDR1 was detected from both mRNA level and protein level by RT-PCR and Western blotting,respectively. Results The recombinant pSUPER vectors expressing siRNA were confirmed by agarose gel electrophoresis after cleaving of double enzymes and by sequence analysis. The inserted oligonucleatide sequences were identical to the original sequences and in corresponding position. Compared with control group,the inhibitory effects of pSUPER.retro-MDR1 and pSUPER.retro-MDR2 were significant. Conclusion pSUPER recombinant retroviral vectors expressing siRNA for MDR1 knock-down is construted successfully,and it has inhibitory effect on the expression of MDR1 gene in MCF-7/ADR cells.

Objective To study the performance indicators after reorganization for 10 Years in enterprise hospital.Methods The performance indices from 2005 to 2014 of a Class One Grade A hospital was evaluated by rank sum ratio.Results The reform was in the doldrums in 2005, improved slightly in 2006 and 2007, increased significantly and steadily in 2008, reached the best in 2014.Conclusion Evaluating the performance of hospital management with rank sum ratio is scientific and clear, which has certain practical value.

Objective To understand the effects of stove-improvement measures in coal-burning-induced fluoride poisoning area in Luoyang.Methods Dynamic monitoring on the fluoride concentration in indoor air,grain(corn and wheat),vegetable(chili,radish and Chinese cabbage),and the urine fluoride concentration and prevalence of dental fluorosis among8-12year old children was conducted after the performance of stove-improvement measures in coal-burning-induced fluoride poisoning area,Jiangzhuang village,Xinan county,Luoyang,during1991-2000,while the obtained data were compared with those in1990.Re sults After the performance of stove-improvement measures,all of the fluoride contents in indoor air,grain and veg-etable,the urine fluoride concentration and the prevalence of dental fluorosis of8-12aged children revealed a trend of decrease on the whole,and accorded with the corresponding standards for non-fluoride poinsoning area,despite of the fluctuating data in different years.Conclu sion The stove-improvement measures could effectively prevent the indoor air,grain and vegetable from fluoride pollution,and control the prevalence of fluoride poisoning in coal-burning-induced fluoride poisoning area.

OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the efficacy,safety and economy of acarbose versus metformin in the treat-ment of type 2 diabetes,and provide evidence-based reference for the clinical treatment. METHODS:Retrieved from PubMed, Medline,CJFD,Wanfang database,VIP database,randomized controlled trails (RCT) about acarbose (test group) versus metfor-min(control group)in the treatment of type 2 diabetes were collected. Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.2 statis-tics software,and the decision tree model was used to do the cost-effectiveness analysis by using TreeAge Pro 2011.1.0.12.1 soft-ware. RESULTS:A total of 8 RCT,involving 418 patients. Results of Meta-analysis showed 2 h postprandial blood glucose (2 h PG)in test group [MD=-2.21,95%CI(-2.92,-1.51),P<0.001] was lower than that of control group,there was no signifi-cant diffcrencc in the glycated hemoglobin levels[MD=0.02,95%CI(-0.38,0.34),P=0.91],fasting blood glucose level[MD=0.05,95%CI(0.91,1.01),P=0.92] and incidence of adverse reactions [OR=1.84,95%CI(0.80,4.24),P=0.92] between 2 groups. Results of decision tree analysis showed the cost-effectiveness ratio in test group and control group was 847.15 and 272.53,respec-tively;and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was 13 776. CONCLUSIONS:Acarbose shows an obvious advantage on decreasing the 2 h PG of type 2 diabetes,however,pharmacoeconomics shows metformin has higher economic effects. Due to the limit of methodological quality,large-scale and high quality RCT are required for further validation of the conclusions.

Objective To characterize the human cell mediated immune response to Treponema pallidum(TP), and to determine the effect of TP infection on the various lymphocyte subpopulations and natural killer cells in the peripheral blood of the patients. Methods Twenty four untreated patients with early syphilis were analyzed,including 3 groups of 8 patients with disseminated syphilides,palmoplantar syphilides and latent syphilis each. Monoclonal antibodies of CD labeled with either fluorescein isothiocyanate or phycoerythrin were used on a flow cytometry to detect the changing of peripheral blood lymphocyte immunophenotypes. Results The results showed that the percentages of panT,T H,NK cells and the ratio of T H/T S were significantly lower (P0.05). Conclusion It suggests that there is prominent suppression of cellular immunity in the untreated patients suffering from early syphilis. Meanwhile, the difference of 3 groups in skin lesions was due to the different dermatobarrier function against the systemic invasion of TP, rather than attributed to the alteration of the lymphocyte immunophenotypes in the peripheral blood.

Objective To investigate the effect of the whole course health education on heart rehabilitation of old patients with percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods One hundred and twentyone old patients with coronary heart disease who all underwent complete PCI in Tangshan Gongren Hospital from January 2008 to December 2009 were selected as our subjects.All subjects were randomly divided into the intervention group (60 cases) and the control group (61 cases).All patients were treated by PCI ± standard drug therapy.Patients in control group were given the conventional health education,while in intervention group were given the extending health education plus the conventional health education.Questionnaire was used to collect the coronary heart disease knowledge,recovery and secondary prevention behavior.The levels of blood pressure,density lipoprotein cholesterol,fasting blood glucose (FB) were measured at 6,12,24 months at discharge hospital.Meanwhile the reaching standard rate of coronary heart disease risk factors control was also used to evaluate the effect of education.Results The scores of knowledge of coronary heart disease rehabilitation of intervention group at 6,12 and 24 months after discharge were (79.69 ± 4.66),(83.26± 8.38),(81.81 ± 9.21) respectively,higher than that of control group ((72.36 ± 8.16),(69.96 ± 10.69),(70.00 ± 11.32) respectively),and there were significant differences between groups(t =3.26,5.39 and 4.41respectively,P ＜ 0.05).The scores of the second level prevention act of intervention group were (79.00±5.65),(79.88 ± 6.34) and (79.13 ± 11.21) respectively,higher than that of control group((70.72± 7.59),(68.84 ± 5.36) and (66.52 ± 9.15) respectively),and there was significant difference between groups (t =3.75,5.99 and 3.63 respectively; P ＜ 0.05).The reach standard rate of low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),exercise of intervention group at 6 months were 60.0％ (36/60),65.0％ (39/60),higher than that of the control group(37.7％ (23/61),32.8％ (20.61)),and there was significant difference between groups(x2 =6.045,10.871,P ＜0.05),while there was no significant difference in terms of the reach standard rate of blood pressure,FB and quit smoking(P ＞ 0.05).The reach standard rate of blood pressure,LDL-C,FB,quit smoking,exercise of intervention group at 12 months were 75.0％ (45/60),76.6％ (46/60),96.6％(58/60),81.7 ％ (49/60),75.0％ (45/60),higher than that of control group (49.2 ％ (30/61),32.8 ％(20/61),80.3％ (49/61),57.4％ (35/61),31.1％ (19/61),and there was significant difference between groups(x2 =8.021,28.438,8.431,10.435 and 23.128 respectively,P ＜ 0.05).The reach standard rate of blood pressure,LDL-C,FB,quit smoking,exercise of intervention group at 12 months were (75.0％ (45/60),81.7％ (49/60),95.0％ (57/60),86.7％ (52/60),81.7％ (49/60)),higher than that of control group (44.3％ (27/61),31.1％ (19/61),75.4％ (46/61),47.5％ (29/61),34.4％ (21/61)),and there was significant difference between groups (x2 =11.710,35.810,8.112,25.450 and 25.650 respectively,P＜0.05).Conclusion Whole course health education is proved to reach the purpose of long-term heart rehabilitation,and decrease the risk of the risk factors for PCI.Meanwhile it is a safe,effective,compliant heart rehabilitation model after PCI in old patients.

ObjectiveTo investigate the significance of hearing screening combined with gene screening for neonates with high-risk of hearing impairment.MethodsNeonates admitted to the Neonatal Department of Guangdong Women and Children Hospital between July 2013 and June 2014 were enrolled in this study. They were divided into high-risk group (with high-risk for hearing impairment) (n=3 129), and control group (n=5 106). Neonate hearing screening was carried out using otoacoustic emission and automated auditory brainstem response. Blood samples were collected using a standard protocol for detecting the mutations of four common deafness genes, includingGJB2,GJB3,SLC26A4 and mitochondrial 12s rRNA.Chi-square test was used to compare the differences of the pass rate of hearing screening and positive rate of gene mutations between the two groups.ResultsThe rates of failure on otoacoustic emission, automated auditory brainstem response or both in the high-risk group were 11.92% (373/3 129), 10.32% (323/3 129) and 4.83% (151/3 129), respectively, higher than those in the control group [5.03%(257/5 106), 6.56%(335/5 106) and 2.02% (103/5 106)] (χ2=130.265, 37.354 and 51.196, allP=0.000). In the high-risk group, the overall positive rate of gene mutations was 5.63% (176/3 129), and theGJB2 andSLC26A4 gene mutation rates were 3.04% (95/3 129) and 2.40% (75/3 129)], all higher than the control group [3.15% (161/5 106), 2.04% (104/5 106) and 1.06% (54/5106)] (χ2=30.301, 8.216 and 22.517, allP<0.01). But the mitochondria 12S rRNA gene andGJB3 gene mutation rates were the same in high-risk group and control group [0.19% (6/3 129) vs 0.06% (3/5 106); 0.03% (1/3 129) vs 0.00%(0/5 106), bothP>0.05]. The rates of failure on otoacoustic emission and automated auditory brainstem response of the neonates with deafness gene mutations were 9.50% (32/337) and 10.39% (35/337), respectively, higher than the neonates without [1.14% (90/7 898) and 1.29% (102/7 898)] (χ2=154.621 and 163.399, both P=0.000).ConclusionCombined hearing screening is of clinical significance for neonates with high-risk of hearing impairment.

Objective To observe the effect of icarrin on proliferation and differentiation of rat osteoblasts cultured in vitro as well as the expressions of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and Osterix in rat osteoblast.Methods Calvarial osteoblasts were obtained from newborn (＜ 24 h) SD rats by trypsin-collagenase digestion.The culture medium with different icarrin concentrations and the second generation osteoblasts were mixed.The mRNA expressions of BMP-2,Osterix,ALP,and Col Ⅰ were detected by semiquantative RT-PCR.Then the second generation osteoblasts were cultured in the medium containing icariin (10 ng/ml) with or without BMP-2 antibody.After48 h,RT-PCR was used to estimate the mRNA expression of Osterix.Results In comparison with the control group,the mRNA expressions of BMP-2,Osterix,ALP,Col Ⅰ were increased in a dose-dependent manner (P＜0.05) with a maximal effect at the concentration of 10 ng/ml.The mRNA expression of Osterix treated with the mixture of icarrin and BMP-2 antibody was significant decreased(P＜0.05),and compared with the group of icarrin,however,the difference between the BMP-2 group and the mixture group was not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Icarrin stimulates proliferation and differentiation of cultured osteoblast in vitro by increasing the mRNA expression of ALP and Col Ⅰ.Icarrin could stimulate Osterix gene expression by enchancing BMP-2 gene expression,finally,it could induce bone formation and prevent and/or treat osteoporosis.