Objective To observe the preventive effect of epidural injection with low - dose of ketamine on postanesthesia shivering(PAS) undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Methods Sixty ASA Ⅰ～Ⅱ grade patients aged 35 ～ 72 years undergoing PCNL were randomly divided into kctamine group (n = 30, Epidural injection of 0.5mg/kg of ketamine) ,Control group(n = 30, Epidural injection of 10ml saline). The rate of shivering was observed and recorded during operation,and blood pressure and respiration were measured. Results The rate of shivering in ketamine group(10%) was significantly lower than that in control group(46.7%, P ＜ 0.05) ,There were no significant differences of blood pressure and respiration between two groups (P ＞ 0.05). Conclusion Epidural injection 0.5 mg/kg of ketamine on postanesthesia can prevent shivering in PCNL.

Children with hematological diseases usually accompanied by low autoimmune function,and repeated chemotherapy exacerbated the damage to their immune system and hematopoietic function.Those lead to high incidence of nosocomial infection,most of infection were caused by multi-drug resistant bacteria and fungi.The major infections in hematological children are the following:multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli/Klebsiella pneumonia bacteria;multi-drug resistance Pseudomonas and Acinetobacte;Methicillin-resistant coagulase negative Staphylococcus and aureus;multi-drug resistance Enterococcus faecium.This review presents updated treatment strategies from the published clinical literature and provides recommendations for clinical treatment of multi-drug resistant bacteria in children with hematonosis.

OBJECTIVE:To compare the efficacy and safety of Pingxiao capsule and Shendan Sanjie capsule combined with CP program in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in stage Ⅳ. METHODS:132 NSCLC patients in stage Ⅳwere randomly divided into CP group,CP+Pingxiao group and CP+Shendan Sanjie group. CP group was treated with CP program;based on it,CP+Pingxiao group was orally treated with 6 Pingxiao capsules,3 times a day;CP+Shendan Sanjie group was orally treated with 6 Shendan Sanjie capsules,3 times a day. 21 d was a treatment period,and the efficacy was evaluated after 2 treat-ment periods,improvement of life quality,progression-free survival,1-year survival rate and toxicity reactions were observed. RE-SULTS:The recent effective rate,disease control rate,total improvement rate of life quality,progression-free survival and 1-year survival rate in CP+Pingxiao group and CP+Shendan Sanjie group were significantly higher than CP group,incidences of leukope-nia,thrombocytopenia,gastrointestinal tract and decreased hemoglobin were significantly lower than CP group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);however,there was no significant difference between CP+Pingxiao group and CP+Shendan Sanjie group(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Both Pingxiao capsule and Shendan Sanjie capsule can be combined with CP program in the treatment of NSCLC in stageⅣ,with good safety.

Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) is an important etiologic factor for the type 2 diabetes mellitus.To investigate the biological functions and the applications of IAPP,we used text mining to explore the development of the research about IAPP biochemical reagents and test kits in this study.

Objective To investigate the effect and safety of long-term use of atorvastatin on carotid atherosclerosis in advanced elderly patients.Methods Totally 61 elderly patients with carotid atherosclerosis were permitted into study.They were treated with atorvastatin (20 mg/d) and followed-up for five years.The carotid atherosclerosis parameter and the serum levels of TC,TG,LDL-C,HDL-C,fasting blood glucose (FBG),ALT,AST,STB,CB,Bun,Cr and creatine kinase (CK) were measured before and 5 years after treatment.Results During fellow-up,2 patients died of severe pneumonia and 1 patient died of operation complications of intestinal obstruction,with mortality rate of 4.9％.2 patients (3.4％) gave up treatment because of muscle-related side-effect.Data was collected in 56 patients achieving study end.There was significant decrease in LDL-C (P＜0.05) and increase in HDL-C (P＜0.05),but there was no change in serum levels of TC,TG,FBG,ALT,AST,STB,CB,BUN,Cr and CK (P＜0.05) after 5 years.The total area of carotid atherosclerosis plaque was reduced [(0.63±0.41)cm2 vs.(1.07±0.67)cm2,P＜0.05] and echo of carotid atherosclerosis plaque was enhanced (2.67±0.52 vs.1.53±0.44,P＜0.01),but carotid intima-media thickness(IMT) appeared no change after five years.Conclusions Atorvastatin is safe in the treatment of advanced elderly patients,it can make carotid atherosclerosis plaque smaller and stable after long-term treatment.

Objective:To develop a UV optical fiber in situ process monitoring method for the dissolution behavior of five cepha-lexin solid dosage forms and compare the drug dissolution behavior of different cephalexin preparations. Methods: The dissolution of five different cephalexin preparations was on-line monitored according to the dissolution method for cephalexin tablets in Chinese Phar-macopeia (2010 edition) combined with a six channel optical fiber chemical sensor in situ dissolution monitor. Results:The dissolu-tion curves could show the drug release characteristics of different cephalexin preparations, and the five different preparations exhibited various drug release features. Conclusion:An in-situ, real time, on-line and process analysis of dissolution can be obtained by optical fiber dissolution test system automatically. The release characteristics of different preparations can be presented through dissolution curves directly, which can provide reference for the overall assessment of drug internal quality and clinical medication.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of the antihypertensive protein from Pheretima on blood pressure, angiotensinⅡ and angiotensin Ⅱ AT1 receptor in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).METHODS: The dynamic change of blood pressure in SHR after singel intravenous injection of antihypertensive protein from Pheretima was observed. After intervention with antihypertensive protein from earthworm for 28 d,the levels of blood pressure, angiotensinⅡ and expression of angiotensin Ⅱ AT1 receptor in SHR were detected. RESULTS: Either single intravenous injecion or multiple dosing of the antihypertensive protein from Pheretima could significantly reduce the blood pressure in SHR (P0.05).The expression of angiotensin Ⅱ AT1 receptor in kidney of SHR model increased significanlty compared the normal control (wistar rats), but decreased after the intervention of the antihypertensive protein from Pheretima.CONCLUSION: The antihypertensive protein from Pheretima has antihypertensive effect on SHR. The mechanism may be related to the reduction of angiotensinⅡ level and lowering of the expression of a angiotensin Ⅱ AT1 receptor in kidney.

Objective To investigate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in colon cancer and its relation with the microvessel density (MVD) and p53 gene. Methods The expression of VEGF, p53 gene and MVD of different region of colon cancer were studied by immunohistochemical method from 68 by surgical resected specimens. Results The positive rates of VEGF, p53 and MVD in colon cancer were significantly higher than those in peritumor and normal tissue. The expression of VEGF and p53 positively correlated with depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, vessel invasion and Dukes' stage, but their relation to the histologic types was not significant. The MVD in p53(+) ( 34.6 ?12.2 ) and VEGF(+) (31.2?12.6) tumors was significantly higher than that in p53(-) and VEGF(-) tumors (15.0?7.9; 12.7?6.3, respectively, P

Objective To investigate the effects of rapamycin eluting stent(Cypher~(TM)) and metal bare stent on the prognosis and C-reactive protein(CRP) in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI).(Methods The) immediate angiographic and clinic follow-up outcomes of 45 elderly patients with AMI reciving Cypher~(TM) and bare stent were retrospectively analyzed.CRP levels in Cypher~(TM) and bare stent groups were determined before implantation,6 h,1 d,7 d and 30 d after implantation.Clinical follow-up and major coronary events analysis were developed after operation.Results 27 rapamycin eluting stents were implanted in patients of Cypher~(TM) group and(26 bare) stents were implanted in patients of bare stent group.The Cypher~(TM) stents were successfully implanted with 100%.In patients of Cypher~(TM) group,no serious complications were found in the term of operation and in hospital.There was no restenosis,revascularization and events.In patients of bare stent group,except for(1 patients) with sudden death,angina pectoris occurred in 2 patients,repeat angiography showed that there were new lesions in other coronary arteries of these patients.Restenosis attacked in 2 patients.The concentrations of CRP in Cypher~(TM) and bare stent groups 6 h and 7 d after operation were much higher than that of(pre-operation (P

Objective To observe the effects of recombinant staphylokinase (r-SAK) on platelet activation parameters in patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI) by intravenous thrombolysis in order to investigate the clinical thrombolytic efficacy of r-SAK therapy in AMI comparing with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator(rt-PA) therapy.Methods Thirty-three patients with AMI within 12 h after the onset were selected and divided randomly into the r-SAK therapy group(n=17) and rt-PA therapy group(n=16).Coronary artery angiography(CAG) was performed 90 min after thrombolytic therapy in patients.Thrombin-antithrombin complex(TAT) and alpha granule membrane protein(GMP-140) were measured by similar commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results In r-SAK group and rt-PA group,the plasma contents of GMP-140 2 h after thrombolytic therapy were significantly higher than before therapy(P0.05).In rt-PA group,the plasma content of TAT 2 h after thrombolytic therapy increased significantly(P0.05).) Conclusion r-SAK has similar effect with rt-PA and it will become available for highly fibrin-selective thrombolytic therapy of AMI.Thrombolytic treatment with r-SAK can improve the injury of myocardial microperfusion.