Objective To observe the changes in expressions of spleen regulatory T cells (Tregs)and the related factor forkhead box protein-3 (Foxp3) after irradiation with different doses of X-ray in mice at different times,and to elaborate the effects of X-rays on regulatory T cells and Foxp3.Methods 112male ICR mice were randomly divided into 2 groups and irradiated by X-rays at the doses of 0.075 and 2 Gy,respectively.The mice were killed at 0,4,8,16,24,48,and 72 h post-irradiation and the spleens removed.Flow cytometry was used to detect the percentage of CD4 + CD25 + Treg and protein expression of (Foxp3),and RT-PCR was used to exmiamine the mRNA expression of Fox3.Results Compared with those before irradiation,the CD4 + CD25 + Treg positive rates began to increase and peaked at 8 h post-irradiation with 0.075 Gy at 8,16,24,72 h(t = 8.73,10.55,4.21,4.65 ,P ＜ 0.05) and 2 Gy at 8,16,48,72 h(t = 4.65,4.28,3.71,2.88,P ＜ 0.05),and then slightly decreased,but still remained at high levels.The mRNA protein levels of Fox3 did not change significantly after exposure to the dose of 0.075 Gy,but began to significantly increase at 8 h after exposure to the dose of 2 Gy.However,the Foxp3 protein level began to increase 4 h post-irradiation,peaked at 16 h,and then slightly decreased,but still ramained at high levels (t =2.59,3.37,3.70,3.20,P＜0.05).Conclusions The changes in expressions of Tregs and Foxp3 after high- and low-dose X-ray irradiation may be used to explain the differences in immune effects induced by ionizing radiation at different doses.

Objective To estimate the prevalence of iron deficiency and its influencing factors in 6 to 12-month-old infants,then more effective community nursing intervention of prevention against iron deficiency can be made.Methods Three hundred and thirty-one 6 to 12-month-old infants had been enrolled by convenience sampling method to complete the investigation.Variables associated with iron deficiency in bivariate analysis were evaluated in Logistic regression models.Results The prevalence rates of iron deficiency in 6 to 12-month-old infants was 34.74％.Anemia,age,feeding patterns and zinc deficiency were independently associated with increased risk for iron deficiency.Conclusions Iron deficiency was common and associated with anemia,low age,feeding patterns and zinc deficiency in a certain community in Tianjin.So effective nursing measures must be made to reduce the prevalence rates of iron deficiency in 6 to 12-month-old infants.

OBJECTIVE To discuss the quality management of the recycled medical instrument.METHODS We executed the routine of recycled instrument seriously during our daily work,and gave strict measures during quality management such as callback,washing,classification,packaging,sterilization,handout,and inspection.RESULTS The recycled medical instrument had been used and managed for more than one year and the clinical work was ensured in progress smoothly and achieved satisfied results.CONCLUSIONS Actualizing the measure of quality control,perfecting the method of management and improving quality control could assure the safe and efficient use of recycled medical instrument and reach the standard of controlling hospital infection,and advancing medical nursing level.

Objective To observe the formation of biofilms on endotracheal tubes ,and to determine the effect of azithromycin on Haemophilus influenzae in biofilms .Methods One hundred and twenty Wistar rats were intubated with a silicone tube ,80 of them(40 rats were model group and 40 were medicine group) were infected by bacteria to establish the animal models of endotra-cheal tube infections the others were ues as control gruop .Formation of biofilms was detected by scanning electron microscope .Via-ble cells counting was carried out to evaluate the effect of azithromycin orally on biofilms on endotracheal tubes .Results Uneven biofilms were formed on the surface of endotracheal tubes ,and slim bodied of bacteria enclosed by a lot of extracellular matrix .Via-ble cells counting was reduced in medicine group compared with model group .Conclusion Haemophilus influenzae can form bio-films on endotracheal tubes .Azithromycin can exert inhibitory effect on haemophilus influenzae biofilms formed on endotracheal tubes .

Objective To study the effects of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) on radiationinduced autophagic cell death in breast cancer cells.Methods MCF-7 cells were divided into four groups:control (normoxia,21％ Oxygen),irradiation (8 Gy X-rays),hypoxia (Cobalt chloride,CoCl2)and irradiation with hypoxia (CoCl2).150 μmol/L CoCl2 was utilized to induce hypoxic conditions.Western blot was applied to detect the expression of HIF-1α and MAPLC3.MDC and Hoechst staining were used to detect autophagy and apoptosis.Radiosensitivity was detected by cloning formation.The short hairpin interfering RNA (shRNA) retroviral transduction particles targeting HIF-1α was transfected into MCF-7 cells to establish HIF-1 α knockdown cells,then the radiosensibility,autophagy and apoptosis were detected.Results Compared with control group and irradiation group,the protein level of HIF-1 increased obviously in the normaxia,irradiation,hypoxia and irradiation with hypoxia groups,and the values were 0,0,1.00,1.89,respectively.The expression levels of MAPLC3 were markedly up-regulated in irradiation,hypoxia and irradiation with hypoxia groups as compared with control,and the ratios of LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ were 1.15,1.73,2.38 and 3.60,respectively.The radiosensitivity of MCF-7 cells decreased in the following order:normoxia with 3MA ＞ normoxia ＞ hypoxia with 3MA ＞ hypoxia.HIF-1α knockdown cell (pSUPER-HIF-1α Ri) and vector control were constructed.After treatment with CoCl2,survival fraction of MCF-7-pSUPER was significantly higher than that of control (t =3.080,6.946,6.658,6.380,P ＜0.05),and radiosensitivity was down-regulated after irradiation,but there was no significant difference between normoxia and hypoxia in survival fraction of MCF-7-pSUPER-HIF-1α Ri.After treatment of irradiation or hypoxia,the autophagic fractions in MCF-7-pSUPER-HIF-1α Ri significantly decreased,reduced by 21.1％,25.5％,15.5％,respectively(t =4.635,4.738,6.354,P ＜0.05) as compared with MCF-7-pSUPER,but there was no change in apoptosis.Conclusions HIF-1α may increase radiationinduced autophagy and decrease radiosensitivity,but have no influence on apoptosis.

Abstract: To investigate the distribution of avian influenza virus in environmental samples from live poultry markets (LPM) in China, samples were collected and tested by nucleic acid during 2009-2013 season. Each sample was tested by real-time RT PCR using flu A specific primers. If any real-time PCR was positive, the sample was inoculated into specific-pathogen-free (SPF) embryonated chicken eggs for viral isolation. The results indicated that the positive rate of nucleic acid in enviromental samples exhibited seasonality. The positive rate of nucleic acid was significantly higher in Winter and Spring. The positive rate of nucleic acid in LPM located in the south of China was higher than in northern China. Samples of Sewage for cleaning poultry and chopping board showed that higher positive rate of nucleic acid than other samples. The Subtype identification showed that H5 and H9 were main subtypes in the enviromental samples. Viral isolation indicated H5 subtypes was more than H9 subtypes between 2009 and 2013 while H9 subtypes increased in 2013. Our findings suggested the significance of public health based on LPM surveillance and provided the basis of prevention and early warning for avian flu infection human.
Animals ; China ; Feces ; virology ; Fresh Water ; virology ; Influenza A virus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Influenza in Birds ; virology ; Poultry ; Poultry Diseases ; virology ; Public Health ; Seasons ; Sewage ; virology

Objective To understand the status quo of dyslipidemia among urban and rural residents in Ganzhou City.Methods The multistage stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted to select the urban and rural residents aged more than 35 years old as the respondents,among them 4 829 respondents had the intact data,the investigation items included age,sex,height,body mass,waist circumference(WC),FBG,Scr,blood pressure,TC,TG,HDL and LDL.The body mass index was calculated.Results The prevalence rates of hypercholesterolemia,high TG and low HDL among the urban and rural residents in Ganzhou City were 8.76 ％,16.38％ and 24.04％ respectively.Compared with the persons of normal blood lipid,FBG,Ser,WC and BMI in the persons of high blood lipid were much higher (P＜0.05).Conclsion The blood lipid abnormality in the urban and rural residents in Ganzhou City is dominated by low HDL and high TG.

Background and purpose: As one of the important epigenetic phenomena, DNA methylation plays an important regulatory function for the expression of genes. Study shows that abnormal changes of DNA methy-lation patterns of normal tumor cell genome leads to dysfunction of cancer related gene, and this may be associated with tumor occurrence and development. The study investigated the promoter methylation and expression of caveolin-1 (CAV-1) gene in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and to elucidate its role in ESCC. Methods:We used MSP approach, RT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry method respectively to examine the methylation status of the 5’CpG island of CAV-1 gene and its expression at mRNA and protein levels in tumors and corresponding normal tissues. Results: CAV-1 mRNA expression in tumor tissues (0.86±0.56) was signiifcantly higher than that in corresponding normal tissues (0.40±0.36, P<0.05). The mRNA expression of CAV-1 was correlated with status of lymphatic metastasis and TNM stage of ESCC patients (P<0.05). The protein expression of CAV-1 in tumor specimens (66.7%, 34/51) was signiifcantly higher than that in corresponding normal tissues (15.7%, 8/51, P<0.01). The protein expression of CAV-1 was signiifcantly associated with lymphatic metastasis of ESCC (P<0.05), however, it was not associated with differen-tiation and TNM stage (P>0.05). The promoter methylation frequency of CAV-1 in tumor specimens was 2.0%(1/51), and the methylation phenomenon has not been found in corresponding normal tissues. The promoter methylation fre-quency of CAV-1 in tumor specimens showed no signiifcant difference compared with the corresponding normal tissues (P>0.05). Conclusion:The mRNA and protein expression of CAV-1 in tumor specimens was signiifcantly higher than that in corresponding normal tissues. Aberrant high expression of CAV-1 has played a certain role in promoting tumori-genesis and lymph node metastasis. The expression both in ESCC and corresponding normal tissues has no correlation with the promoter methylation status.

Objective To observe the expression of 7 cytokeratins in skin epithelial tumors and to assess their diagnostic value. Methods The expression of 7 cytokeratins, including cytokeratin 7(K72.2), cytokeratin 8(C-51), cytokeratin 10(DE-K10), cytokeratin 14(LL002), cytokeratin 17(E3), cytokeratin 18(DC10)and cytokeratin 19(KS19.1), was assessed by immunohistochemical staining (S-P method) in 54 cases of different skin epithelial tumors and 20 normal skin specimens. Results Of 54 cases studied, 10 were squmous cell carcinoma (SCC), 10 basal cell carcinoma (BCC), 19 hair follicle tumor, 2 sebaceous carcinoma, and 13 sweat gland tumor. The expression patterns and distribution of the 7 cytokeratins were different in different skin epithelial tumors. Most of the tumor cells stained diffusely for cytokeratins in SCC, BCC and hair follicle tumor; different cytokeratins expressed in different parts of each of the subtypes of sweat gland tumors. Conclusions Analysis of a selected group of cytokeratins may be helpful in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of SCC, basal cell carcinoma and skin adenexal tumor.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the anticancer effects of Erbie San on the rats bearing Walker-256 liver cancer and the potential mechanism of its angiogenesis effects.

METHODWistar rats bearing Walker-256 liver cancer were used in this study. The experimental groups were treated with Erbie San 1.25, 2.5, 5 g x kg(-1) x d(-1), and 5-Fluorouracil injection 75 mg x kg(-1), respectively. The tumor's weight, the expression of VEGF, Endostatin and the ratio of VEGF/endostatin in serum of each groups were observed.

RESULTCompared to the model group, Erbie San 2.5, 5 g x kg(-1) x d (-1) and 5-Fluorouracil injection groups can reduce the tumor's weight significantly (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The expression of VEGF was reduced, while endostatin was increased, and the ratio of VEGF/endostatin was reduced (P<0.05 or P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONErbie San can effectively inhibit the growth of Walker-256 liver cancer of rats and can inhibit the expression of VEGF but increase the expression of endostatin, which suggest that Erbie San has the inhibition of angiogenesis which is responsible for its anticancer effects.

Animals ; Carcinoma 256, Walker ; blood ; pathology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Endostatins ; blood ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; drug effects ; Liver Neoplasms ; blood ; pathology ; Male ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; blood ; pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Tumor Burden ; drug effects ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; blood