Objective To investigate the kinetics of PML-RARα fusion gene in acute promyelocytic leukemia(APL)to monitor minimal residual disease(MRD). Methods In induction therapy,consolidation and maintenance therapy courses, PML-RARα fusion gene was performed by RT-PCR. Results The long-term follow-up of 18 cases achieved complete remission (CR),two cases experienced molecular relapse. One case relapsed at 4 months after CR1 and achieved CR2 after induction therapy. However, molecular and hematology relapsed again at 2 months after CR2 and re-achieved CR3. The other case relapsed at 74 months after CR1 and achieved CR2 after induction treatment, who had survived for 106 months until the end of follow-up. Conclusion RT-PCR assay for detection of PML-RARα should be performed regularly during CR period so as to find molecular relapse eady. Hematological relapse could potentially be averted through treatment modification according to molecular monitoring results of PML-RARα.

Objective To investigate the effect of nutritional counseling combined with oral high-fat, high-protein nutritional supplement (Ensource) on nutritional status and clinical outcomes of esophageal cancer patients under radiotherapy treatment.Methods Totally 80 esophageal cancer patients under radiotherapy treat-ment who were able to take oral feeding and with Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002) score≥3 were se-lected and divided into a study group (n=41, nutritional counseling combined with oral nutritional supplements) and a control group ( n=39, nutritional counseling) with a random number table.Energy intake, nutritional sta-tus, and incidences of radiotherapy complications of the two groups before and after radiotherapy were compared. Results Energy intakes in the study group increased significantly during radiotherapy compared with the control group [ (2 445 ±686) kJ vs.(1 747 ±456) kJ, P=0.003];and the level of prealbumin and transferrin were increased significantly compared with before radiotherapy [ (17.35 ±5.83) mg/L vs.(20.15 ±6.02) mg/L, P=0.008;(213.74 ±52.66) mg/L vs.(264.19 ±43.78) mg/L, P=0.002].Besides, compared with the control group, incidence of radiation esophagitis ( GradeⅢ) and radiation skin injury ( GradeⅢ) in the study group decreased significantly (24%vs.38%, P=0.000;27%vs.41%, P=0.000).Conclusion Nutritional counseling combined with oral nutritional supplements in esophageal cancer patients could help improve the patients'nutritional profile and decrease the incidence of complications related with radiotherapy.

Objective:To investigate whether the nutrition support team (NST) benefits esophageal carcinoma (EC) patients who are concurrently undergoing chemoradiotherapy. Methods: Between June 2012 and December 2013, 40 EC patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy were divided into the NST group and routine treatment (RT) group, with 20 patients in each group. At the end of chemoradiotherapy, the nutritional status, incidence of complications, and completion rates of radiotherapy were evaluated. The length of hospital stay (LOS) and cost were also compared between the two groups. Results:The nutrition and blood parameter values of the NST group were better (P<0.05) than those of the RT group. The incidence of complications was lower in the NST group (P<0.05) than that in the RT group. In addition, all patients in the NST group achieved the treatment plan, whereas five of the patients in the RT group interrupted or delayed the plan (P<0.05). The average LOS decreased by 3.8 d (P<0.05), and the hospitalization costs were reduced to 6300 RMB person-times (P>0.05) for the patients of the NST group. Conclusion: NST could maintain the nutritional status and improve the treatment compliance and tolerance of EC patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy, thereby shortening the LOS time and reducing the costs.

Objective: To explore the clinical features and risk factors of hepatic injury due to immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPI) therapy in malignant tumor. Methods: Data of 112 patients (64 men and 48 women) who received CPI between January 2016 and March 2019 in Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Shenzhen Hospital, and Huazhong University of Science and Techology Union Shenzhen Hospital were retrospectively collected. The median age of these patients was 60 years. Results: Hepatic adverse events were observed in 30 patients out of 112 patients (26.8%). Among them, the incidence of grade 3-5 hepatic adverse events were 7.14% (8/112). The median time of hepatic adverse event occurrence was 3 weeks (2-30) after undergoing therapy. The results of univariate and multivariate analyses showed that liver cancer was attributed to the CPI induced hepatitis (P<0.05). Patients with severe hepatic injury got almost complete resolution after receiving methlprednisolone for 4 to 6 weeks. Conclusion Live cancer is the risk factor of CPI-related hepatic adverse events.