AIM: To further investigate preventive effects of Shenfu(SF) injection, a Chinese herb drug, on acute renal ischemic reperfusion injury (IRI). METHODS: After SF or normal saline was administered intravenously one time a day for four days, the renal ichemia-reperfusion(I-R) model was established by occlusion of right renal artery and vein for an hour and reperfusion for three hours after left nephroectomy. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), content of malondialdehyde(MDA) in serum and renal tissue, and content of nitric oxide (NO),concentrations of Na + and Ca 2+ , numbers of WBC adhesion in renal tissue were detected and light and electronic microscopy were used for the detection of the renal histological changes. RESULTS: SF lowered significantly MDA content in either renal tissues or serum , concentration of Na +, the number of WBC adhesion, and scores of tubules in renal tissue after renal I-R, and the SOD activity in renal tissues and serum and NO content in renal tissue were obviously increased by SF.In addition,renal histomorphological damage in either light or electronic microscope were lightened by SF. But Ca 2+ concentration in renal tissue appeared to be only mildly affected. CONCLUSION: The mechanisms that SF protects renal structure and function against acute renal IRI may be involved in increasing SOD activity,scavenging directly oxygen free redicals(OFR),raising NO content,inhibiting WBC adhesion and recruiment,preventing Na + influx to form Na + overload.

Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) are recommended to be the most effective therapies for the first-line treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria. However, artemisinin is often in short supply and unaffordable to most malaria patients, which limits the wide use of ACTs. Production of amorpha-4,11-diene, an artemisinin precursor, was investigated by engineering a heterologous isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway in Escherichia coli. The production of amorpha-4,11-diene was achieved by expression of a synthetic amorpha-4,11-diene synthase gene in Escherichia coli DHGT7 and further improved by about 13.3 fold through introducing the mevalonate pathway from Enterococcus faecalis. After eliminating three pathway bottlenecks including amorpha-4,11-diene synthase, HMG-CoA reducase and mevalonate kinase by optimizing the metabolic flux, the yield of amorpha-4,11-diene was increased by nearly 7.2 fold and reached at 235 mg/L in shaking flask culture. In conclusion, an engineered Escherichia coli was constructed for high-level production of amorpha-4,11-diene.
Alkyl and Aryl Transferases ; genetics ; Antimalarials ; metabolism ; Artemisinins ; metabolism ; Enterococcus faecalis ; genetics ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Metabolic Engineering ; methods ; Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) ; metabolism ; Sesquiterpenes ; metabolism ; Transformation, Bacterial

【Objective】 To evaluate the anti-HCV detection ability of our laboratory, and explore the factors that may affect anti-HCV detection, so as to provide data and basis for the evaluation of laboratory ability. 【Methods】 The number of initial reactive (IR) and repeated reactive(RR)samples and the reagent utilization rate in anti-HCV from 2019 to 2020 were compared with the national reagents of the same group. 【Results】 1)The average unqualified rate of anti-HCV detection was 0.25%, with the lowest rate at 0.19%, 33/17 774, and the highest rate at 0.37%, 44/11 940; 2)The retest rates of reagent 1 and reagent 2 were significantly different (P < 0.05); 3)The RR/IR rates of reagent 1 and reagent 2 showed no significant difference (P> 0.05), while the RR/IR rates of reagent 1 and reagent 2 showed a slow upward trend; 4)The solo reagent unqualified rate of reagent 1 and reagent 2 showed statistically significant difference (P < 0.05); 5)The reagent utilization rate was basically the same as the national average level of reagents in the same group. 【Conclusion】 The anti-HCV detection indicators of our laboratory are relatively stable, but other factors such as personnel training, equipment performance and environment also have an impact on the detection ability of laboratories. Fine management of various element should be carried out, and external quality assessment reports of blood testing laboratory should be analyzed to further improve the anti-HCV detection ability of the laboratory.

OBJECTIVE: To develop a high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method for simultaneous determination of atorvastatin and voriconazole in rat plasma and investigate the pharmacokinetics of atorvastatin and the changes in voriconazole concentration in rats after administration. METHODS: Plasma samples were collected from rats after intragastric administration of atorvastatin alone or in combination with voriconazole. The samples were treated with sodium acetate acidification, and atorvastatin and voriconazole in the plasma were extracted using a liquidliquid extraction method with methyl tert-butyl ether as the extractant. The extracts were then separated on a Thermo Hypersil Gold C18 (2.1×100 mm, 1.9 μm) column within 6 min with gradient elution using acetonitrile and water (containing 0.1% formic acid) as the mobile phase; mass spectrometry detection was achieved in selective reaction monitoring (SRM) mode under the positive ion scanning mode of heated electrospray ion source (H-ESI) and using transition mass of m/z 559.2→440.2 for atorvastatin and m/z 350→280 for voriconazole, with m/z370.2→252 for lansoprazole (the internal standard) as the quantitative ion. RESULTS: The calibration curves were linear within the concentration range of 0.01-100 ng/mL (=0.9957) for atorvastatin and 0.025-100 ng/mL (=0.9966) for voriconazole. The intra-day and inter-day precisions were all less than 13%, and the recovery was between 66.50% and 82.67%; the stability of the plasma samples met the requirements of testing. The AUC of atorvastatin in rat plasma after single and combined administration was 438.78±139.61 and 927.43±204.12 h·μg·L, CLz/F was 23.89±8.14 and 10.43±2.58 L·h·kg, C was 149.62±131.10 and 159.37±36.83 μg/L, t was 5.08±1.63 and (5.58±2.11 h, and T was 0.37±0.14 and 3.60±1.52 h, respectively; AUC, CLZ/F and T of atorvastatin in rat plasma differed significantly between single and combined administration. The HPLC-MS/MS system also allowed simultaneous determination of voriconazole concentration in rat plasma after combined administration. CONCLUSIONS The HPLC-MS/MS system we established in this study is simple, rapid and sensitive and allows simultaneous determination of atorvastatin and voriconazole in rat plasma. Some pharmacokinetic parameters of atorvastatin are changed in the presence of voriconazole, and their clinical significance needs further investigation.
Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Atorvastatin ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Rats ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Voriconazole