Objective:To investigate the cellular immune responses induced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra and examine its protective efficacy against MTB in mice.Methods:Balb/c mice were divided into H37Ra,BCG and NS groups randomly,and intracutaneously injected at caudal region with H37Ra,BCG and NS respectively.At 8 weeks after immunization,some mice were sacrificed,and the percentages of CD3~+T,CD4~+T and CD8~+T-lymphocyte in spleen were detected by flow cytometry.The spleen lymphocytes of mice were cultured with PPD in vitro;the proliferation of splenocytes was detected by MTT assay.The productions of IFN-?in the supematant of culture were determined by ELISA.After 8 weeks of immunization,Balb/c mice were challenged via intraperitoneal route with MTB H37Rv strain.Four weeks later,mice were sacrificed,then the bacteria load in the lung were determined.Results:After 8 weeks of immunization,the percentages of CD3~+T and CD4~+T-lymphocyte in mice of H37Ra vaccination were significantly higher than those of the NS control subjects(41.63?1.68)%,(27.08?0.58)% vs (38.34?0.74)%,(24.37?1.60)%(P0.05).The proliferation of antigen-specific lymphocytes,the productions of IFN-?in the H37Ra group were significantly higher than those of the NS group(P0.05).At 4 weeks after challenge,compared with the NS group, the mean numbers of viable bacteria in the lung of the H37Ra group reduced 0.954log_(10)CFU(P0.05).Conclusion:Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra could induce specific cellular immune responses in mice.The immunity effect of H37Ra is similar to BCG.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for further optimizing the implementation of national essential medicine system in Liaoning province. METHODS:54 primary medical institutions in Liaoning province were selected,and document research,data collect and comparative analysis were performed for the statistical analysis of equipment,usage and distribution of essential medi-cines,etc. RESULTS:The average equipment of essential medicines in surveyed institutions in the 3rd quarter of 2012 and 2014 were 223.8 and 325.0 product regulations,respectively,with equipment rates of 42.9% and 46.8%;average outpatient prescription drug expenses per person in community health service centers in the 3rd quarter of 2012 and 2014 were 61.7,62.1 yuan and town-ship hospitals were 38.1,39.8 yuan,respectively,which were higher than national average level;shipping amount of manufactur-ers with the top 24 shipping amount was 43.00% to total amount,and 58 manufactures had no shipping amount;usage amount of varieties with the top 7 usage amount was 25.77% to total usage amount of essential medicines;distribution amount of commercial companies with the top 4 distribution amount was 41.27% to total amount. CONCLUSIONS:54 primary medical institutions in Lia-oning province equipment exist some problems,including low distribution rate,high price,shortage of medicines,high usage and distribution concentration,and so on. It is suggested that distribution enterprises should strengthen the construction of supply chain platform,optimizing distribution network and improving distribution capacity,and the government should strengthen supervision and financial support based on guarantee of reasonable profits of production companies and distribution companies.

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the cause-related marketing strategy in pharmaceutical industry.METHODS:The theory of cause-related marketing was introduced and the cause-related marketing pattern was illustrated with examples.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:Pharmaceutical enterprises can achieve win-win effect in both economic returns and social effects by selecting suitable public welfare projects and applying cause-related marketing.

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether PDCA(plan-Do-check-action) cycle could lower the incidence of the nosocomial infection in the male psychiatric closed wards.METHODS Data were collected both prospectively and retrospectively.PDCA cycle was used to manage infection control in the male psychiatric closed wards in 2006;whereas the usual method used in the infection control in 2005 was treated as a control group.RESULTS The incidence of the nosocomial infection lowered from 9.94% in 2005 to 5.57% in 2006(P

Objective.To explore the prognostic influence factors of acute subdural hematoma.Methods The clinical data of 114 patients of acute subdural hematoma were analyzed retrospectively,they were divided into good prognosis group(62 patients) and poor prognosis group(52 patients) according to prognosis,analyzed the related factors for the prognosis were gualyzed in two groups.Results The prognosis of acute subdural hematoma with sex,weight was no significant correlation(all P＞0.05),but related with age,GCS score,pupillary changes,brain shift and hematoma volume(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Patient's age,GCS score,pupillary changes,brain shift and hematoma volume were the prognostic influence factors of acute subdural hematoma.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the orientation of drugstore clerk’s work role.METHODS:Marketing Grid theory was put forward through analyzing the present wrong-position of drugstore clerk.RESULTS&CONCLUSIONS:Drugstore clerk should locate their right role in work and try to avoid wrong position,and they should take“Shopping Guide”clerk as their chief orientation.

OBJECTIVE:To study the pharmaceutical human resources management and new management modes.METHO_DS:Survey and analysis were based on the relevent literature and combined with the actual situations of human resources man_agement of pharmaceutical enterprises in China.RESULTS & CONCLUSION:Only by raising the level of human resources management and practicing new management modes,will the pharmaceutical enterprises get sustained benefit of the company and society.

OBJECTIVE:To provide a human resources management reference model of pharmaceutical enterprises in new situation in China METHODS:Consulting relevant literature and data of investigation,we analysed the changes and development of human resources management in pharmaceutical enterprises since the founding of our republic RESULTS & CONCLUSION:We put forward an idea of modern management model Only when human resources management model conforming to the reality in China is adopted can pharmaceutical enterprises subsist and develop

Objective To develop a new method for the determ ination of berberine in Qixue Guben oral liquid(QGOL).Method Double wavelength thin -layer chrom atography scanning(TLCS)was performed with benzene -ethyl ac-etate -methanol -isopropyl alcohol-water(6∶3∶1.5∶1.5∶0.3)as developer,detection wavelength at 345nm and reference wavelength at 370nm.Results The berberine hydrochloride could b e separated from QGOL.The calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.242?g ～1.210?g for berberine.The average recovery was 97.1%and RSD was 2.4%(n=5).Conclusion This method is simple,accurate and c an be used for the quality control of Q GOL.

Objective To observe the possibility of inducing mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)to differetiate into hair follicle stem cells by the supernatant of cultured hair follicle in vitro and to investigate the transdifferentiation potentiality of MSCs. Methods MSCs were isolated and cultured from rat bone marrow by complete adherence.MSCs of passage 3 were characterized with markers CD44 and CD29 by immuohistochemical staining technique.The stem cells were induced by the supernatant of cultured hair follicle.The morphological character was observed by inverse phase-contrast microscopy.The expression of keratin 15 was detected by immunohistochemical staining technique and immunofluorescence staining technique.RT-PCR was further used to detect the expression of keratin 15. Results The isolated and separated MSCs were immunostaining positive in CD44 and CD29.After induced by the hair follicle conditioned medium in vitro,MSCS could be partially identified by the positive staining for keratin 15,a specific antibody of hair follicle stem cells.After 3 weeks′ induction,keratin 15 was detected by RT-PCR in MSCs induced by supernatant of cultured hair follicle.Conclusion MSCs have the potential to differentiate into hair follicle stem cells induced by the supernatant of cultured hair follicle in vitro.