Objective To investigate the effects of chronic pain on spatial learning ability and the expression of neuronal cell adhesion molecules (NCAM) in hippocampus in neonatal rats.Methods Sixty newborn SD rats of both sexes were randomly divided into pain group ( n = 30) and control group ( n= 30). In pain group complete Freund' s adjuvant (CFA) 20 ?l was injected subcutaneously in the plantar surface of left hindpaw on the 2nd day after birth, whereas in control group normal saline 20 ?l was injected instead of CFA. The animals were weighed on the 3rd, 11th and 22nd day after birth. Ten animals in each group were anesthetized with intraperitoneal pentobarbital and killed on the 11th and 22nd day after birth respectively. The brains were immediately removed for determination of NCAM expression in CA3 and dentate gyms of hippocampus using immuno-histochemical staining technique. Morris water maze test was performed starting from the 21st day after birth for 8 consecutive days to assess the spatial learning ability ( n = 10 in each group) .Results The latent period before finding the hidden-plateform was significantly longer on the 1st and 4th day of the test (22nd and 25th day after birth) in pain group than in control group (P

Objective To investigate the effects of chronic inflammatory pain induced by injection of complete Freund' s adjuvant (CFA) into the plantar surface of hindpaw on the development of learning and memory and proenkephalin mRNA expression in hippocampus of neonatal rats. Methods sixty neonatal SD rats (6 rats from each of 10 litters) were randomly divided into control and chronic pain group ( n = 30; 3 rats from each of the 10 litters). In chronic pain group CFA 20 ? l was injected subcutaneously into plantar surface of left hindpaw on the 2nd day after birth whereas in control group normal saline 20 ? l was injected instead of CFA. Ten animals (1 rat from each of the 10 litters) in each group were killed on the 10th and 21st day after birth respectively. Hippocampi were removed for determination of proenkephalin mRNA expression by RT-PCR. Ten animals (1 rat from each of the 10 litters) in each group underwent Morris water maze test 3 times a day for 8 days starting from the 21st day after birth. Results The mean latent period before the rats found the hidden platform was significantly longer in chronic pain group than in control group. When the platform was removed the swimming time and distance of the rats in chronic pain group were significantly shorter than those in control group. There was no significant difference in the latent period before the rats found the visible platform between the two groups. The proenkephalin mRNA expression in hippocampus on the 10th and 21st day after birth was significantly lower in chronic pain group than in control group ( P

Objective To investigate the related factors of relapsed refractory Hodgkin lymphoma (HL),analysis treatment and adverse reactions.Methods Clinical features and treatment outcome of 62 HL patients were analyzed retrospectively.Results Of the 62 HL patients,12 patients(19.35 ％) were relapsed refractory HL.Pathologic type (P =0.026),lymph node area ≥ 3 (P =0.030) and large mass (P =0.006) were important factors for relapsed and refractory.The median overall survival time of relapsed refractory HL was 69.5 months (27-129 months).The 5 year overall survival (OS) rates in relapsed refractory HL and others were 66.7 ％ and 88.8 ％ respectively (P =0.117).The 5 year event-free survival (EFS) rates in relapsed refractory HL were 52.4 ％ and others 87.9 ％ respectively (P =0.006).Conclusion Pathologic type,lymph node area ≥3 and large mass are closely related with refractory refractory.HL.At the same time,recurrence in the short-term (＜ 1 year) is the independent prognostic factor for patients with relapsed refractory HL.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect on repairing facial nerve injury of rabbits by neural stem cells and autologous fasia. Methods22 rabbits with transected facial nerve were divided into 2 groups randomly, control group (8 rabbits,15 sides totally), which transected facial nerve were wrapped by autologous fasia, and treament group (14 rabbits, 20 sides totally), which were wrapped by neural stem cells and autologous fasia. Six weeks after transplantation, neuro-electrophysiological test, immunohistochemical examination were done. The number and thickness of myelin in the re-connected area of transected facial nerve were observed. ResultsThe transplanted animals recovered much better than that in control group (P<0.05). Immunohistochemical examination showed a great deal of BrdU positive cells around the re-connected area of transected facial nerve. Immunohistochemical staining also found plenty of regenerative myelins in this area in the treatment group. While in control group, there were no BrdU positive cells and only a few of regenerative myelins in the same area. ConclusionTransplantation of neural stem cells combined with autologous fasia might become the new method to treat facial nerve injury.

Baculoviridae ; genetics ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Recombinant ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; Genetic Vectors ; Hepatitis A virus ; genetics ; immunology ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments ; genetics ; Plasmids ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Transfection

BACKGROUND: Long-term remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) has been proven to be beneficial in multiple diseases, such as cerebral and cardiovascular diseases. However, the hyperacute and acute effects of a single RIC stimulus are still not clear. Quantitative proteomic analyses of plasma proteins following RIC application have been conducted in preclinical and clinical studies but exhibit high heterogeneity in results due to wide variations in experimental setups and sampling procedures. Hence, this study aimed to explore the immediate effects of RIC on plasma proteome in healthy young adults to exclude confounding factors of disease entity, such as medications and gender. METHODS: Young healthy male participants were enrolled after a systematic physical examination and 6-month lifestyle observation. Individual RIC sessions included five cycles of alternative ischemia and reperfusion, each lasting for 5 min in bilateral forearms. Blood samples were collected at baseline, 5 min after RIC, and 2 h after RIC, and then samples were processed for proteomic analysis using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method. RESULTS: Proteins related to lipid metabolism (e.g., Apolipoprotein F), coagulation factors (hepatocyte growth factor activator preproprotein), members of complement cascades (mannan-binding lectin serine protease 1 isoform 2 precursor), and inflammatory responses (carboxypeptidase N catalytic chain precursor) were differentially altered at their serum levels following the RIC intervention. The most enriched pathways were protein glycosylation and complement/coagulation cascades. CONCLUSIONS One-time RIC stimulus may induce instant cellular responses like anti-inflammation, coagulation, and fibrinolysis balancing, and lipid metabolism regulation which are protective in different perspectives. Protective effects of single RIC in hyperacute and acute phases may be exploited in clinical emergency settings due to apparently beneficial alterations in plasma proteome profile. Furthermore, the beneficial effects of long-term (repeated) RIC interventions in preventing chronic cardiovascular diseases among general populations can also be expected based on our study findings.
Young Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Proteome ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Proteomics ; Ischemia ; Blood Coagulation