Objective To investigate the charateristic CT features of pediatircs reproductive system of endodermal sinus tumor. Methods Thirteen cases with pediatircs reproductive system of endodermal sinus tumor confirmed by surgery and biopsy pathology all underwent CT and contrast-enhanced CT scans,and theire imaging features were then ananlyzed.Results On CT scan,7 cases of testicular or vagina endodermal sinus tumor of children appeared soft tissues mass with uneven density,small patchy hypodense shadows,and ill-defined boundaries.Contrast-enhanced CT scans reveal the solid masses were obvious uneven continuous enhance-ment,but small patchy hypodense shadows were not enhanced,local envelope were enhanced.CT scans reveal that 6 cases of ovaries endodermal sinus tumor showed the large cystic solid mass,predominantly cystic mass,including 2 cases of punctate and patchy cal-cification,and contrast-enhanced CT scans showed that solid part were enhanced obviously and with obvious strengthening vessels shadows.1 case of right ovaries endodermal sinus tumor with fat density shadow and small patchy calcification.Its pathological di-agnosis was the endodermal sinus tumors with mature cystic treatomas.Conclusion CT image has an advantage in the diagnosis of endodermal sinus tumor of the children's reproductive system,especially combined with serum AFP determination.

As an important method,the experimental teaching can enhance the compe-tence of students such as operation ability,and make students learn how to solve the problem scientifically and innovatively.The aim of comprehensive experiment is to make studetns develop fully and understand the relationship between theory and practice.The designing experiment is to training students to complete the whole experiment process by themselves from reading reference to write the paper.All these trainings intend to improve the scientific research ability of under-graduate students.

Objective To evaluate the association of gastric hyperplastic polyps with colorectal neo-plasia.Methods Data of consecutive patients who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)and colonoscopy between January 2011 and December 2013 were reviewed retrospectively.They were compared with patients without gastric polyps who also underwent EGD in the same period.The relationship between gastric polyps and colorectal neoplasia was analyzed.Results The incidence of colorectal neoplasia in gas-tric hyperplastic polyps group was higher than that of the control group [24.0% (46 /192)VS 10.4%(40 /384),P =0.000].An increased incidence of colorectal adenomas in gastric hyperplastic polyps group was found,but there was no difference in the incidence of colorectal cancer in gastric hyperplastic polyps group and control group[2.1%(4 /192)VS 2.3%(9 /384),P =1.000].Stratification analysis suggested that the incidence of colorectal neoplasia in gastric hyperplastic polyps group who aged over 50 was signifi-cantly higher than that in the control group[28.5%(43 /151)VS 10.6%(29 /274),P =0.017],regard-less of different genders and the number of gastric hyperplastic polyps.Conclusion The incidence of color-ectal neoplasia in gastric hyperplastic polyps has significantly increased,especially in those aged over 50 years,regardless of different genders and the number of gastric hyperplastic polyps.Such patients should undergo colonoscopy to detect colorectal neoplasia.

Objective To investigate the effects of berberine on tumor-associated macrophages (TAM)and the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)of intestinal polyps in Apc(Min/+) mice.Methods A total of 20 Apc(Min/+) mice,four weeks old,were equally divided into the control group and the berberine group,10 in each group.The mice of the control group drank plain water,while the mice of berberine group drank water with 0.1 % berberine.After 12 weeks,all the mice were sacrificed.The intestine and colon were isolated,and the numbers of polyps were counted.The expression of F4/80,inducible nitric oxide synthase-2 (iNOS),macrophage mannose receptor (MR)and COX-2 was detected by immunohisto-chemistry method.The relative expression of COX-2 at protein level was measured by Western blotting. The t test was performed for comparison between two independent groups.Results The total number of intestinal polyps,the number of small intestinal polyps and the number of colon polyps of the berberine group (11 .50±2.05 ,10.50±1 .77 and 1 .00±0.46,respectively)were all less than those of the control group (30.63±1 .69,28.00±2.00 and 2.63±0.74,respectively),and the differences were statistically significant (t=16.727,16.952 and 3.162,P =0.001 ,0.001 and 0.010,respectively).The percentage of F4/80 positive cells in the stroma of polyps of the berberine group ((17.40 ±4.23 )%)was less than that of the control group ((31 .24±6.34)%),and the difference was statistically significant (t =5 .327, P =0.043).The percentage of iNOS positive cells in the stroma of polyps of the berberine group ((7.43± 1 .78 )%) was higher than that of the control group ((2.72±0.68)%), and the difference was statistically significant (t=7.335 ,P =0.004).The percentage of MR positive cells in stroma of polyps of the berberine group ((19.52±1 .54)%)was less than that of the control group ((12.63±0.68)%),and the difference was statistically significant (t=5 .634,P =0.016).The percentage of COX-2 positive cells in stroma of polyps of berberine group ((3.38 ± 0.51 )%)was less than that of the control group ((7.60±0.57 )%),and the difference was statistically significant (t = 7.234,P = 0.001 ).The relative expression of COX-2 at protein level of polyps of the berberine group was lower than that of the control group. Conclusion Berberine may take the role in inhibiting the growth of intestinal polyps in Apc(Min/+) mice through interfering the differentiation of TAM in polyps and suppression the expression of COX-2.

This article from the experiment teaching plan formulation,the course content request,the comprehensively designed experiment development,the experimental inspection and so on has carried on the reform and the research attempt,and has formed certain patterns.

Objective To develop urine AD7C-NTP diagnostic kit,analyze and evaluate its application value on AD.Methods Immunogenicity AD7C-NTP peptide fragments had synthesized by solidphase methods.The animals immunized to prepare antibodies.After matching screening.mouse antibody was uesed as coating antibody.biotin-labeled rabbit antibody wag used as testing antibody,and horseradish peroxidase was labeied with avidin.The urine AD7C-NTP ELISA detective method was established.The AD7C-NTP levels in morning urine samples of 121 AD patients and 118 age-matched controls were collected.Results AD7C-NTP antibodies were identified.Mouse anti-AD7C-NTP antibody titer in ELISAwas 1:8 000,and rabbit anti-AD7C-NTP antibody titer in ELISA was 1:32 000:WB was uesd to detect human brain specimens and there was a single band with molecular weight of 41 000.The lowst detection limit of ELISA methodology was 0.5μg/L The linear range was 0-10μg/L,normal reference value ≤1.5μg/J,the average recovery rate was 100.2%.The intra and inter of CV were 3.8%,4.5%,7.6%,6.8% respectively.The AD7C-NTP levels[2.25(0.43-8.62)μg/L]of urine in AD group was higher than those in contorl group[0.82(0.47-2.77)μg/L,P<0.01].The positive rates in AD group and control group were 89.3% and 15.3% respectively.The sensitivity Was 89.3%and specificity was 84.7%.Conclusions The animals are immunized with the self-designed synthetic peptide fragment to prepare AD7C-NTP antibodies successfully.The established ELISA method for detection of urine AD7C-NTP with high sensitivity,and precision can be used as an assistant examination in clinical diagnosis of AD.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the method for simultaneous determination of 9 components in Huichun yuzi granules. METHODS:LC-MS/MS method was adopted. The determination was performed on Shim-pack XR-ODS C18column with column temperature of 30 ℃. The sample size was 5 μL,and ion source as electrospray ion source;MRM mode was adopted. The acetonitrile-water was used as mobile phase for ferulic acid,rutin,paeonol,icariin and schisandrin(gradient elution);positive ion mode monitoring was conducted. The methanol-0.1% fomic acid water was used as mobile phase for naringin,verbascoside, amygdalin and protocatechuic acid(gradient elution);negative ion mode monitoring was conducted. RESULTS:The linear ranges of ferulic acid,rutin,paeonol,icariin,schisandrin,naringin,verbascoside,amygdalin and protocatechuic acid were 0.499 5-500, 25-1 000,0.245 9-250,5.185 1-1 000,0.981 9-1 000,0.248 1-125,2.510 4-250,10-2 500,4.999 7-1 000 ng/mL(r≥0.997 8), respectively. The limits of detection were 0.075,0.30,0.072,0.015,0.015,0.075,0.15,0.30,0.15 ng/mL,respectively;the limits of quantitation were 0.25,1.00,0.24,0.51,0.49,0.25,0.50,0.99,0.49 ng/mL,respectively. The recoveries rate were 91.39%-103.56%(RSD=1.03%-3.67%,n=6).RSDs of stability test ranged 1.4%-3.4%(n=6)within 48 h at room temperature. CONCLUSIONS:The method is rapid,sensitive and reproducible,and can be used for content determination of 9 components in Huichun yuzi granules.It can be used for quality control of Huichun yuzi granules.

PEGylation is considered one of the most successful techniques to improve the characteristics of protein drugs including to increase the circulating half-life of proteins in blood and to decrease their immunogenicity and antigenicity. One known PEG modification method is to attach PEG to the free amino group, typically at lysine residues or at the N-terminal amino acid with no selectivity, resulting in a heterogeneous product mixture. This lack of selectivity can present problems when a therapeutic PEGylated protein is being developed, because predictability of activity and manufacturing reproducibility are needed for regulatory approval. Enzymatic PEGylation of proteins is one route to overcome this limitation. Transglutaminases (TGase) are enzyme candidates for site-specific PEGylation. We use human interferon alpha 2a (IFN α2a) as a test case, and predict that the potential modification residues are Gln101 by computational approach as it contains 12 potential PEGylation sites. IFN α2a was PEGylated by Y shaped PEG40k-NH2 mediated by microbial transglutaminase. Our results show that the microbial transglutaminase mediated PEGylation of IFN α2a was site-specific only at the site of Gln101 in IFN α2a, yielding the single mono-conjugate PEG-Gln101-IFN α2a with a mass of 59 374.66 Da. Circular dichroism studies showed that PEG-Gln101-IFN α2a preserved the same secondary structures as native IFN α2a. As expected, the bioactivity and pharmacokinetic profile in rats of PEG-Gln101-IFN α2a revealed a significant improvement to unmodified IFN α2a, and better than PEGASYS.
Animals ; Antiviral Agents ; Humans ; Interferon alpha-2 ; metabolism ; Interferon-alpha ; biosynthesis ; pharmacokinetics ; Polyethylene Glycols ; pharmacokinetics ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Rats ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacology ; Reproducibility of Results ; Transglutaminases ; metabolism

Objective:To systematically evaluate the relationship between growth and thyroid volume (Tvol).Methods:Chinese and English papers were searched in CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP Database, PubMed, EMbase, Springerlink, Medline database, articles on the correlation between Tvol and growth in children published from the establishment of these databases to October 2021 were collected. Meta-analysis was conducted with R language 4.0. I2 and Q test were used for heterogeneity test. According to the heterogeneity test results, the fixed effect model or random effect model was selected, and sensitivity analysis was conducted. Egger's method was used to test publication bias. Results:A total of 17 papers were incorporated in this study, including 11 Chinese papers and 6 English papers. The correlation between body surface area (BSA) and Tvol was the strongest[estimated effect value ( COR) = 0.44, 95% confidence interval ( CI): 0.39 - 0.50], followed by weight ( COR = 0.39), height ( COR = 0.37) and age ( COR = 0.29). Sensitivity analysis showed that the estimated effects COR were all within 95% CI of the total effects after deleting any paper, which indicated that the results of Meta-analysis were reliable. Egger's method result showed P > 0.05, indicating that there was no obvious publication bias in this study. Conclusion:Age, height, weight and BSA all have effects on Tvol, among which BSA has the greatest effect.