0) and the correlation coefficient were low.The absence of intravesical occurrence of the cancer in solitary primary tumor cases was significantly less than that in the multiple ones ( P =0).The intravesical occurrence rate of the cancer elevated with the pathological stage of the primary cancer ( P =0.0039).92.5% of cases with initial concurrent involvement of the bladder have had the occurrence of bladder cancer within 2 years after surgical treatment. Conclusions The number and the stage of the primary tumor,with concurrent bladder involvement or not and the internal between the occurrence of the bladder cancer and the upper urinary tract cancer are the significant factors for prognosis,the coefficient correlation between the 4 factors being low.

Objective To verify the presence of tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNF R 2) in spermatozoa of fertile men,and to provide experimental evidence for the direct action of TNF on spermatoza. Methods Using Western blotting the expressions of TNF R 2 in spermatozoa of 15 fertile men were assessed. Results TNF R 2 was expressed in spermatozoa of all the 15 fertile men. Conclusions The spermatozoa of fertile men have TNF R 2,which may transmit the cytokines signal into cytoplasm and modulate the spermatozoa function.

Objective To detect both the protein and gene expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP 2,MMP 9) and its tissue inhibitor (TIMP 2) in tissues of bladder transitional cell carcinoma (BTCC), and to study the correlation with the grading and staging of the neoplasm and with the prognosis. Methods 41 human BTCC ,15 normal bladder tissue were studied by Western Blot and RT PCR analysis followed by computer assisted image analysis in order to detect the A values of their expression. Results In BTCC, the A value of MMP 2, MMP 9 were increased significantly as compared to normal bladder epithelium. There was no statistical significant difference of A value of TIMP 2 between normal bladder tissue and bladder cancer tissue. The ratio of MMP 2/TIMP 2 in bladder cancer showed statistical significantly difference as compared with normal bladder tissue. Conclusions This study demonstrated there was a high expression of MMP 2 and MMP 9 in BTCC,by which collagen Ⅳ inside basement membrane of bladder was damaged.However, the ratio of MMP 2/TIMP 2 has more prognostic value than the expression of MMP 2 and MMP 9 alone.

Objective To evaluate the inhibitory effect of endostatin on bladder tumor and to investigate the possible mechanism of the inhibition. Methods (1)By means of MTT method,the effects of endostatin on ECV304 and EJ cells proliferation were studied.(2)Ten nude mice were subcutaneously implanted with EJ bladder tumor cells (1?10 7/ml). After the tumor volume exceeded 100～200 mm 3,the mice were randomized into two groups.One group received recombinant human endostatin (2 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 ) whereas the other group received PBS as control.All the treatment lasted 21 days.(3) After that,the mice were sacrificed and then MMPs and TIMPs mRNA expression were measured in implanted tumor by RT PCR and Western blot method. Results (1)Endostatin inhibits ECV304 proliferation stimulated with bFGF (5 ng/ml).In addition,we report for the first time that endostatin also inhibits EJ cells proliferation.(2)The mean tumor weight of endostatin treated group (0.70?0.16 g) was significantly lower than that of control group (1.14?0.21)g, P

Objective To investigate the inhibitive effect of antisenes oligodeoxynucleotide(ASON) on the phosphodiesterase type 5(PDE5) in smooth muscle cells of human corpus cavernosum,and provide experimental groundwork for the gene therapy of erectile dysfunction. Methods PDE5 gene ASON (containing exon 1) was transfected into the corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells with the presence of liposome DOTAP.Another sense oligodeoxynucleotide(SON) and 1% of bovine serum were also transducted into the cells as controls.PDE5 was probed and measured by Western blot at 1,2,4,6,10,24 and 48 h after transfection. Results After transfection(1～6 h), PDE5 in human corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells was significantly lower than it was in controls( P = 0.000 ～0.014). Conclusions The results indicate that PDE5 gene antisense oligodeoxynucleotide has inhibitive effect on PDE5 in smooth muscle cells of human corpus cavernosum in vitro,and the present study provides experimental groundwork for the gene therapy of erectile dysfunction.

Objective To provide an ideal material for the investigation of penile erection. Methods Human corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells were cultured with DMEM ( 20% of it was human serum)in vitro and the bred cells were identified by immunohistochemistry. Results After 10～14 days, spindle cells overspreaded in 6 culture bottles and they were validated as human corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells immunohistochemically. Conclusions Human corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells can be cultivated in feasible medium and can also become a cell line.These bred cells can serve as a material for the study of penile erection.

Objective To evaluate the quantitative determination of urine nuclear matrix protein 22 (NMP-22) and bladder tumor antigen (BTA) in the screening of bladder tumor recurrence. Methods 90 patients who had undergone TURBT were recruited in this study.Standard ELISA test was used to determine the quantity of NMP-22 in urine and urine BTA stat test was also performed.the findings were analyed with reference to the cystoscopic and pathological results. Results In comparison with the results of cystoscopy,urine NMP-22 test might denote 77% (32/43) recurrence of bladder cancer and this positive rate would increase to 93% (40/43) with the combined use of urine NMP-22 and BTA test. Conclusions Examination of NMP-22 in urine is a rapid and effective means of detecting the recurrence of bladder cancer.With the combined use of BTA test,urine NMP-22 determination might be a useful non-invasive method in screening the recurrence of bladder cancer,and the conventional invasive cystoscopy might be avoided.

ObjectiveTo investigate the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 and pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-8 in expressed prostatic secretion(EPS)of chronic prostatitis.To study the relationship of cytokines to the mechanism of chronic prostatitis.MethodsIL-6 and IL-8 levels were measured in 102 chronic prostatitis EPS and in 28 normal EPS by radioimmunoassay.Urine was cultured and EPS was studied according to 2-glass test.NIH-CPSI(NIH-Chronic prostatitis symptom index) was performed by every patient.ResultsIL-6 and IL-8 levels were higher in Ⅱ,ⅢA and Ⅳ prostatitis (IL-6 0.51?0.57 ng/ml,IL-8 10.75?7.96 ng/ml,n=90) than those in controls (IL-6 0.32?0.51 ng/ml,IL-8 4.56?5.68 ng/ml,n=28),P0.05.There was a correlation between WBC count and IL-8 level,r=0.529,P0.05.ConclusionsIL-6 and IL-8 are elevated in EPS of Ⅱ,ⅢA and IV prostatitis, and might be considered as mediators of inflammatory response in prostate.The results indicate that IL-6 and IL-8 can be the objective parameters in the diagnosis of chronic prostatitis.

Objective To study endostatin expression in tumor tissues and serum levels of bladder cancer patients. Methods Expression of endostatin in 45 cases of bladder cancer and 12 subjects with normal bladder tissues was examined immunohistochemically.Serum levels of endostatin in 58 patients with bladder cancers and 43 healthy controls were analyzed by competitive enzyme immunoassay. Results Positive expression of endostatin was found in 61.5% patients with superficial bladder cancer,90.6% with invasive bladder cancer and 33.3% in normal bladder tissues.Serum level of endostatin was significantly higher in patients with bladder cancer than that in healthy controls (P

Objective To investigate the expression of HSP 70 mRNA in transitional cell carcinoma of bladder and association of HSP 70 mRNA with cell apoptosis. Methods In situ hybridization histochemistry(ISHH) was applied to detect HSP 70 mRNA expression in 60 patients with transitional cell carcinoma of bladder,and cell apoptosis was evaluated by means of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling technique(TUNEL). Results Of 60 cases of bladder transitional cell carcinoma,HSP 70 mRNA expression was 56.7%(34/60),and it increased with grade and stage progressing( P