Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of combined detection of serum gastrin-releasing peptide precursor (ProGRP),neuron specific enolization enzyme(NSE)and carcinoembryonicantigen(CEA)in small cell lung cancer(SCLC). Methods 471 patients with lung tumor from department of respiratory medicine and thoracic surgery and 162 healthy people from medical examination center were studied.Serum levels of ProGRP,NSE and CEA were detected by using electrochemi-cal luminescence method.ROC curves were drawn and the area under the curve (AUC)was calculated.Results The levels of ProGRP and NSE were significantly higher in patients with SCLC than those in NSCLC,lung benign disease group and normal control group (P <0.01).The levels of CEA were significantly higher in SCLC than those in patients with lung be-nign disease group and normal control group (P <0.05).The AUC of ProGRP,NSE and CEA in the diagnosis of SCLC were 0.933,0.777 and 0.554,respectively.The sensitivity of ProGRP,NSE and CEA in the diagnosis of SCLC were 82.6%,60.4%,41.6% and the specificity were 95.2%,83.3% and 71.7% respectively.The sensitivity of combined detec-tion of ProGRP,NSE and CEA was 91.3% and the specificity was 65.3%.Conclusion The serum ProGRP detection has a higher diagnostic value for SCLC.The combined detection of ProGRP,NSE and CEA is useful in the early diagnosis of SCLC.

Objective To analyze the common reasons for misdiagnosis of atypical pulmonary embolism (APE) ,and to im‐prove the identification of APE .Methods The risk factors ,clinical manifestations ,laboratory examinations and radiographic data of 120 cases of APE diagnosed from January 2006 to December 2013 in the department of cardiovascular medicine and respiratory medicine of Xinqiao Hospital and the Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College were studied retrospectively .Results Among those 120 cases of APE ,39 cases were misdiagnosed on admission (32 .5% ) .8 cases were misdiagnosed as acute coronary syn‐drome ,7 cases as stable angina pectoris ,7 cases as chronic cor pulmonale ,5 cases as pneumonia ,3 cases as pleural effusion ,3 cases as tuberculosis ,3 cases as asthma ,1 case as atrial septal defect ,1 case as acute heart failure ,and 1 case as cardiogenic syncope .Con‐clusion APE is easy to be misdiagnosed for its non‐specific clinical manifestation .Pulmonary enhanced CT or CTPA should be car‐ried out in time for those highly suspected patients ,in order to reduce the misdiagnosis of APE .

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of Multislice CT scanning in patients with acute thoracic trauma. Methods151 patients with chest wound admitted after Multislice CT scanning were reviewed and analyzed. ResultsThis group of 151 patients with chest wound after X-ray and CT inspection were as follows:lungs were damaged in 139 cases including 52 cases with traumatic wet lung,94 cases with lung rip,28 cases with lacerated wound and 7 cases with tracheal bronchial tube damage.Damages outside the lungs were found in 108 patients including 83 patients with trauma in pleural membrane(hemothorax 27 cases,pneumothorax 32 cases and blood pneumothorax 24 cases),mediastinum damage in 9 cases(vertical mediastinal pneumatosis 6 cases,hematocele 4 cases and traumatic disphragmatic hernia 2 cases),thoracic wall damage in 76 cases(rib bone fracture 59 cases,breast bone fracture 18 cases and costal cartilages damage 5 cases).Clavicle and scapula fracture in 31 cases. ConclusionMultislice CT scanning was principal method for the diagnosis of chest wound,it had the advantages of scanning range,quick scanning and characteristics of high sensitivity,and it would certainly play a vital role in first aid process in emergency medical treatment of wound.

Objective Revascularization of the distal segment of the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) using extracranial donors requires long interposition grafts.A novel bypass procedure which uses the two main branches of the superficial temporal artery (STA) to reach the A3 segment of the anterior cerebral artery with a single skin incision was designed.Methods Ten cadaveric specimens were dissected through a single skin incision to harvest the frontal and parietal branches of the STA from June,2017 to September,2017.An anterior interhemispheric approach provided access to the middle internal frontal artery (MIFA).The parietal STA was used as an interposition graft between the frontal STA and MIFA.Lengths and calibers of the distal branches of STA and MIFA were measured at the anastomotic sites.All data was statistical analysis by t-test.Results The average caliber of MIFA was (1.4±0.2) mm,which matched the caliber of both frontal and parietal branches of STA.The mean distance for an end-to-side bypass from STA to MIFA was (144.5±7.4) mm and the average harvested donor-graft complex length was (203.1±27.9) mm.This bypass construct provided around 140％ donor graft length.Conclusion Using the parietal branch of the STA as an interposition graft enabled a successful tension-free STA-MIFA bypass.The advantages of this technique over existing approaches include sufficient graft length,caliber match and relative technical ease.

Objective To explore the clinicopathological features,imaging manifestation and treatment of solitary fibrous tumor in the central nervous system(cSFT),in order to improve the diagnosis and treatment.Methods Fourteen cases of cSFT that had been received microsurgery treatment from June,2010 to July,2016 were analyzed retrospectively.The clinicopathological features,treatment and prognosis were concluded and analyzed.Results In 14 patients with cSFT treated with microsurgery,and 1 case in the foramen magnum region for the first time,and enriched the understanding of this disease.Of 14 patients with cSFT,12 received total resection and 2 subtotal or part.The cSFT were pathologically diagnosed as benign tumors in 11 patients and low grade cSFT in 3.The microscopical presence of spindle-shaped tumor cells arranged in fascicles that alternate hypocellular and hypercellular areas separated from each other by collagenous fibre.Immunohistochemistry was positive for Vimentin,and CD34,Bcl-2 of 14 patients,and positive for CD99 in 12 patients.Followed-up time was from 6 to 49 months.Twelve cases had good prognosis to total resection and 2 recurrence due to subtotal or part resection.Conclusion cSFT is extremely rare,and it has some characteristics on MRI,final diagnosis should be depended on pathological and immunohistochemical examination.There are good prognoses in the patients with cSFT after the total removal of cSFT,but when the lesion could not be totally resected,radiotherapy should be considered,the curative effect of chemotherapy on cSFT is not definitive.

Objective To explore the feasibility of occipital artery(OA) to anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) through the extended retrosigmoid approach,also perform a systemic microanatomical study of OA and AICA with the exposure of extended retrosigmoid approach,find the easy way to perform the procedure.Methods From September,2016 to January,2017,5 adult cadaveric heads injected with colored latex (total 10 sides) were performed the extended retrosigmoid approach,and measured the caliber of distal occipital artery (OA),the final length of the OA harvest,the reliable landmark of the OA harvest,and the distance from the flocculonodular segment of anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) to the OA,the diameter of AICA flocculonodular segment branch.Whole procedure of OA to IACA bypass also be performed.Statistical analysis was performed.Results By the extended retrosigmoid approach,AICA flocculonodular segment could be easily exposure,the average diameter was 1.2 mm,the OA branch could be harvested in average was (72.3±3.3)mm in length from the occipital sulcus,and the average distance between occipital sulcus and AICA flocculonodular segment was (47.6±l.9)mm.The bypass procedure also could be performed through the proper corridor.Conclusion The Extended retrosigmoid approach is a safe and efficient way to perform the OA-AICA bypass procedure,and the procedure is easier to be performed than other surgical approaches.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 12 (PTPN12) in regulating cardiac HERG channel currents.

METHODSThe plasmids pcDNA3.1-PTPN12-RFP and herg mutant constructed by PCR technique were transfected into HEK293 cells via Lipofectamine 2000, and the cells stably expressing PTPN12 selected with G418 were identified by Western blotting with anti-PTPN12 antibody. HERG channel current in cells expressing HERG alone (HEK293/HERG cells), cells overexpressing PTPN12 (HEK293/HERG cells transfected with pCDNA3.1-PTPN12-RFP), PAO-treated cells (PTPN12/HERG cells treated with PAO), and herg mutant cells (HEK293/HERGY327A-Y700A-Y845A cells transfected with pcDNA3.1-PTPN12-RFP) were recorded by patch-clamp technique.

RESULTSThe plasmids pcDNA3.1-PTPN12-RFP and herg mutant were successfully constructed, and the stable expressing cell lines were established. Red fluorescence was obversed in HEK293/HERG cells transfected with pcDNA3.1-PTPN12-RFP, and the protein expression of PTPN12 was detected. Overexpression of PTPN12 significantly decreased HERG current density in HEK293/HERG cells, and this change was significantly weakened in the inhibitor group and herg mutant group.

CONCLUSIONPTPN12 negatively regulates cardiac HERG channel cerrent possibly by decreasing the phosphorylation level of HERG tyrosine residues. This finding provides further insight into the regulatory mechanism of HERG channel and the pathogenesis of long QT syndrome.

Ether-A-Go-Go Potassium Channels ; physiology ; HEK293 Cells ; Heart ; Humans ; Long QT Syndrome ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 12 ; physiology ; Transfection

BACKGROUNDRadiation-induced injury after accidental or therapeutic total body exposure to ionizing radiation has serious pathophysiological consequences, and currently no effective therapy exists. This study was designed to investigate whether transplantation of allogeneic murine compact bone derived-mesenchymal stem cells (CB-MSCs) could improve the survival of mice exposed to lethal dosage total body irradiation (TBI), and to explore the potential immunoprotective role of MSCs.

METHODSBALB/c mice were treated with 8 Gy TBI, and then some were administered CB-MSCs isolated from C57BL/6 mice. Survival rates and body weight were analyzed for 14 days post-irradiation. At three days post-irradiation, we evaluated IFN-γ and IL-4 concentrations; CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cell (Treg) percentage; CXCR3, CCR5, and CCR7 expressions on CD3(+) T cells; and splenocyte T-bet and GATA-3 mRNA levels. CB-MSC effects on bone marrow hemopoiesis were assessed via colony-forming unit granulocyte/macrophage (CFU-GM) assay.

RESULTSAfter lethal TBI, compared to non-transplanted mice, CB-MSC-transplanted mice exhibited significantly increased survival, body weight, and CFU-GM counts of bone marrow cells (P < 0.05), as well as higher Treg percentages, reduced IFN-γ, CXCR3 and CCR5 down-regulation, and CCR7 up-regulation. CB-MSC transplantation suppressed Th1 immunity. Irradiated splenocytes directly suppressed CFU-GM formation from bone marrow cells, and CB-MSC co-culture reversed this inhibition.

CONCLUSIONAllogeneic CB-MSC transplantation attenuated radiation-induced hematopoietic toxicity, and provided immunoprotection by alleviating lymphocyte-mediated CFU-GM inhibition, expanding Tregs, regulating T cell chemokine receptor expressions, and skewing the Th1/Th2 balance toward anti-inflammatory Th2 polarization.

Animals ; Bone and Bones ; cytology ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Female ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Progenitor Cells ; cytology ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Whole-Body Irradiation ; adverse effects