Objective To investigate the effects on the improvement of the function of islet β cell by three intensive insulin treatments on newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes(T2D) in different insulin resistant status.Methods Ninety-eight patients of newly diagnosed T2D were divided into two groups:group with overt insulin resistant status ( IR group) ( HOMA-IR ≥ 5 ); group without overt insulin resistant status ( Non-IR group) ( HOMA-IR ＜ 5).According to the condition of patient,there were six subgroups:IR-CSⅡ group ( n = 20 ); IR-glar group ( n = 22 );IR-aspart 30 group (n=23); Non-IR-CSⅡ group (n= 10); Non-IR-glar group (n=12); Non-IR-aspart 30 group (n = 11 ).Subgroups were treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin injection (CSⅡ group),insulin aspart plus insulin glargine ( glar group),and insulin aspart 30 injection ( aspart 30 group) for two weeks,respectively.The levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ,fasting C-peptide(C-P) ,2 h plasma glucose (2 hPG) were measured and homeostasis model assessments of beta cell (HOMA-β) and homeostasis model assessments of insulin resistance ( HOMA-IR) were calculated using fasting C-P.Results The time of blood glucose recover,insulin dosage and the incidence of hypoglycemia of CSⅡ group were lower than those of the glar group and aspart 30 group( P ＜ 0.05 and P ＜0.01 ,respectively).However,there were no significant difference between the glar-group and aspart 30 group ( P ＞ 0.05 ).The insulin dosage of Non-IR-subgroups was significantly lower than the IR-subgroups ( P ＜ 0.01 ).The △HOMA-IR(C-P) of Non-IR-subgroups was lower than the IR-subgroups ( P ＜ 0.05 ).The △HOMA-islet(C-P) of the Non-IR-subgroups was higher than the IR-subgroups ( P ＜ 0.05 ).The △HOMA-IR(C-P) ( 1.79 ± 0.15 and 1.51 ±0.09 in IR and non-IR group,respectively) and △HOMA-islet(C-P) (4.01 ±0.21 and 4.35 ±0.23 in IR and Non-IR group,respectively) of the CSⅡ group were higher than those of the glar group (1.63 ± 0.21 and 1.40 ±0.19 of △HOMA-IR (C-P) and 3.86 ± 0.12 and 4.03 ± 0.18 of △HOMA-islet(C-P) in IR and Non-IR group,respectively) and aspart 30 group ( 1.61 ± 0.13 and 1.42 ± 0.1 1 ) △HOMA-islet (C-P) and 3.88 ± 0.32 and 4.01 ±0.14of△HOMA-islet(C-P)inIRandNon-IRgroup,respeetively)(P＜0.05).Conclusions Thethree intensive insulin treatments for newly diagnosed T2D accompanied with high blood glucose may improve the function of β cell and alleviate insulin resistance,especially the CSⅡ.However,the efficacy on T2D with overt insulin resistant status is limited.

Objective To discuss pedicle screw system in the treatment of unstable thoracolumbar fraetures of the results of surgical treatment.Methods Pedicle screw system for thoracolumbar unstable fracture of 46 cases.Results 39 cases were followed up for an average of 17 months after the intervertebral space height and thoracolumbar physiological curvature satisfactory recovery.The average Cobb angle and the average spinal stenosis index has been markedly improved,Frankel raise a grade:three.Conclusion Posterior short section of the pediele screw system is the treatment of thoracic and lumbar fractures of the effective ways is satisfied with the reduction,reliable fixation.

Nitrogen removal techniques based on Anammox process are developing rapidly these years. The distribution and diversity of Anammox have become important research directions. A variety of Anammox have been detected till now, of which only Kuenenia and Brocadia are often detected in wastewater treatment systems. In addition, in a single niche there is only one type of Anammox bacteria. However, the distribution mechanism and transformation of Anammox bacteria in different niches are still ambiguous. Therefore, the distribution of Anammox in various conditions was summarized and analyzed in this article. And the key factors influencing the distribution of Anammox were concluded, including substrate concentration and the specific growth rate, sludge properties and microbial niche, the joint action and influence of multiple factors. The engineering significance research on the distribution and influencing factors of Anammox bacteria in the sewage system and proposed research prospects were expounded.
Ammonia ; chemistry ; Anaerobiosis ; Bacteria ; Nitrogen ; chemistry ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; Sewage ; microbiology ; Waste Disposal, Fluid ; Waste Water

Objective To investigate the expressions of thymidylate synthase (TS) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette superfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) in advanced gastric cancer (GC) and to explore their correlation with clinical pathological features.Methods A total of 80surgical specimens of advanced gastric cancer patients were collected.The expressions of TS and ABCG2 in gastric cancer tissues and adjacent normal gastric tissues were detected by immunohistochemical method.The expression of P-glycoprotein in gastric cancer tissues was also examined.The correlations between TS,ABCG2 and clinical pathological features and P-glycoprotein were analyzed.Chi-square test was performed for two groups comparison and Kruskal-Wallis H test were used for multi-groups comparison.Results The positive rates of both TS and ABCG2 in gastric cancer tissues [85.0％ (68/80) and 90.0％ (72/80)] were higher than those of adjacent normal gastric tissues [62.5 ％ (50/80) and 78.7 ％ (63/80)],the differences were statistically significant (x2 =11.466 and 16.463,P=0.009 and 0.001).There were close correlation between the expression of TS,ABCG2 and tumor TNM stage,differentiation status,invasion depth (TS:x2 =30.686,61.470 and 40.545 ; ABCG2:x2=48.192,63.150 and 47.512; all P＜0.01).The later the tumor staged,the worse the cells differentiated and the deeper the tumor invaded,the higher level they expressed.Both TS and ABCG2expressions in gastric cancer tissues were correlated with the expression level of P glycoprotein (x2 =43.977and 29.509,both P＜0.01).Conclusion TS and ABCG2 may be potential indexes to predict the degree of malignancy,progression,drug resistance and prognosis in gastric cancer.

Solitary fibroma often occurs in the pleura, but rarely outside the pleura. Extrapleural solitary fibroma has atypical clinical symptoms and difficult imaging diagnosis. Here, we report a case of solitary fibroma recurred and metastasized to the bladder after pelvic surgery. He was treated with palliative resection in our hospital. The patient died of systemic metastasis 3 years after operation.

Objective To explore the curative effect of percutaneous cavity injection for the treatment of drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis guided by color Doppler ultrasound.Methods Ninety-six bacterial culture positive patients with drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis were randomly divided into treatment group(n =48) and control group (n =48).Patients in both groupswere given systemic anti tuberculosis therapy,and those who in the treatment group were given extra percutaneous cavity injection guided by color Doppler ultrasound.Results After 3 months of treatment,the sputum negative conversation rate,X-ray absorption rate,cavity closure rate,and cavity efficiency rate of the treatment group were 56.3％ (27/48),81.3％ (39/48),58.3％ (28/48) and 75.0％ (36/48) respectively,higher than those of the control group 35.4％ (17/48),62.5％ (30/48),37.5％ (18/48) and 50.0％ (24/48) respectively),and the differences were statistically significant(x2 =4.20,P =0.02 4 ; x2 =4.17,P =0.041; x2 =9.58,P =0.004 ; x2 =6.40,P=0.020).After 12 months of treatment,the sputum negative conversation rate,cavity closure rate,cavity efficiency rate of the treatment group were 93.8％ (45/48),83.3％ (40/48),95.8％ (46/48) respectively,higher than those of control group(77.1％ (37/48),62.5％ (30/48) and 81.3％ (39/48)),and there were significant differences between two groups (x2 =5.35,5.27,5.03 ; P =0.040,0.038,0.025) ; the X-ray absorption rate of the treatment group was 93.8％ (45/48),higher than that of ciontrol group (83.3％ (40/48)),but there was no significant difference between two groups(x2 =2.56,P =0.199).Conclusion It is very effective to treat drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis using percutaneous cavity injection guided by Color Doppler Ultrasound.No obvious complications or adverse reactions have been observed so far.

Objective To study the expressions of apoptotic protease activating factor-1(Apaf-1)and astrocyte elevated gene-1(AEG-1)in colonic carcinoma,and to explore their correlations with the clinical path-ological features. Methods The expressions of Apaf-1 and AEG-1 were detected in 63 colonic carcinoma sam-ples and 30 normal colonic mucosa adjacent to tumor nest by immunohistochemical method,and their correla-tions with clinical features of colonic carcinoma were analyzed. Results The positive expressions of Apaf-1 and AEG-1 in colonic carcinoma were 23. 81%(15 / 63)and 68. 25%(43 / 63),respectively. The positive expre-ssions of Apaf-1 and AEG-1 in normal colonic mucosa were 76. 67%(23 / 30)and 26. 67%(8 / 30),respec-tively. The positive expression rate of AEG-1 was significantly higher in colonic carcinoma than that in normal tissue(χ2 = 14. 192,P = 0. 000). However,the expression of Apaf-1 was signi-ficantly lower in colonic carci-noma than that in normal tissue(χ2 = 23. 497,P = 0. 000). The expression of Apaf-1 was negatively correlated to the expression of AEG-1(r = - 0. 339,P = 0. 007). The expressions of AEG-1 and Apaf-1 were associated with differentiation degree(χ2 = 4. 643,P = 0. 031;χ2 = 12. 034,P = 0. 001)and clinical stage(χ2 = 6. 628, P = 0. 010;χ2 = 8. 246,P = 0. 004),but they were not correlated with age(χ2 = 1. 462,P = 0. 227;χ2 =2. 401,P = 0. 121)and tumor size(χ2 = 0. 333,P = 0. 564;χ2 = 0. 590,P = 0. 442). Conclusion The expression of AEG-1 is up-regulated in colonic carcinoma,but the expression of Apaf-1 is down-regulated,with a significant negative correlation. Apaf-1 and AEG-1 may be closely related to the occurrence and development of colon carcinoma. Therefore,combination detection of Apaf-1 and AEG-1 may be more valuable for the prog-nosis evaluation of colonic carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the expression levels and clinical significances of ubiquitin-like with PHD and ring finger domains 1 (UHRF1) and P53 in colon carcinoma.Methods The expressions of UHRF1 and P53 in 70 colon cancer tissues and 30 normal colon ones were detected by means of immunohistochemistry to analyze the correlation of these two proteins in the occurrence and development of colon carcinoma,and the relationship between their expressions and clinico-pathological factors as well as prognosis was discussed.Results The expression levels of UHRF1 and P53 in cancer tissues were significantly higher than those of cancer-adjacent tissues (87.1％ vs.56.7％,x2 =11.366,P =0.001;64.3％ vs.6.7％,x2 =27.988,P =0.000) and showed a positive correlation between the two proteins (r =0.248,P =0.038).Both UHRF1 and P53 were associated with TNM stages (x2 =4.426,P =0.049;x2 =6.000,P =0.016) and the depth of invasion (x2 =12.553,P =0.002;x2 =4.904,P =0.036).However,they were irrelevant with the age (x2 =0.473,P=0.494;x2 =0.090,P=0.799) and gender (x2 =2.297,P=0.166;x2 =0.512,P=0.617) of patients,as well as the size (x2 =0.638,P =0.481;x2 =2.392,P =0.215) and histological grading of tumors (x2 =2.088,P =0.352;0.303,P =0.859).Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the median survival time of patients with UHRF1,P53 positive expression was 21.83 months that was lower than patients with UHRF1 positive expression of 24.49 months (Z =-0.624,P =0.533).Both former of which was distinctly lower than that of negative ones of 37.33 months (Z =-2.856,P =0.004;Z =-2.694,P =0.007).Conclusion Both UHRF1 and P53 are highly expressed in colon cancer tissues,which imply that UHRF1 and P53 may be strongly related with colon cancer development and can be a predictor for colon cancer prognosis.

Objective To investigate the effects of a novel |3 titanium fixation with high strength and low elastic modulus on bone healing of osteoporotic fracture and its effects on stress shielding.Methods Forty female Sprague-Dawley rats were oophorectomized before establishment of femur fracture model.The fracture of left femur was stabilized by titanium alloy pin with high elastic modulus (110 Gpa,high elasticity modulus group) and the fracture of right femur by titanium alloy pin with low elastic modu-lus (30 Gpa, low elasticity modulus group).Six and 12 weeks later, the bone volume (BV) , total vol-ume (TV) and bone volume fraction (BVF) were detected by Micro-CT, and the maximum load was de-tected by biomechanical test.The effects of two titanium alloy pins on formation of bony calluses and me-chanical properties of bones were compared.Results Compared with the low elasticity modulus group, more collagen and bony callus, thicker bone trabeculae and more regular lamellar bone were found in the high elasticity modulus group.In low elasticity modulus group, TV (ROI1) was increased obvious-ly at week 6, with no statistical differences in BV (ROI 1), BV (ROI 2) and maximum load between two groups (P < 0.05).TV and BV in region ROI 1 in the low elasticity modulus group were significantly higher than that in high elasticity modulus group (P < 0.05) , while BV in region ROI 2 in low elasticity modulus group was significantly higher than that in high elasticity modulus group at week 12 postoperative-ly (P<0.05).Biomechnical test indicated that the maximum load in low elasticity modulus group was higher than that in high elasticity modulus group.Conclusions The novel B titanium alloy with high strength and low elastic modulus helps reduce effects of stress shielding, diminish bone resorption, in-crease the fibrous callus formation at the initial phase and improve the quality of bone healing at the later phase.