Objective:This aims to investigate the diagnostic and evaluative value of MRI for lymphatic malformations in the head, neck, and facial regions of children. Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the MRI imaging data of 31 cases of head, neck, and facial lymphatic malformations in children admitted to the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, from January 2022 to January 2024. Results:The MRI images of this group of cases primarily displayed irregular morphology（80.6%, 25/31）, thin-walled cysts（80.6%, 25/31）, and compression of surrounding tissues. The boundaries were clear（100%, 31/31）, with characteristics of invasive and drill-like growth（93.5%）. The cyst walls or internal septa exhibited high signal intensity on T1WI, low signal intensity on T2WI, and mild to moderate enhancement（100%）. The contents of the cysts showed low signal intensity on T1WI, high signal intensity on T2WI, and no enhancement（35.5%, 11/31）. Mixed signals with varying degrees of enhancement were observed in 20 cases（64.5%）. There were 29 cases of multilocular cysts（93.5%, 29/31）, and 11 cases of fluid-fluid levels（35.5%）. The MRI diagnostic accuracy for this group of cases was 100%. Conclusion:Lymphatic Malformations of head, neck and facial region in children have very characteristic features on MRI, such as typical thin wall, clear boundaries, irregular shapes, invasive growth, no enhancement, multilocular cystic masses, fluid-fluid level, etc. Furthermore, it is more appropriate for children with lymphatic malformations owing to its non-radiation and non-invasive benefits. Diagnosing lymphatic malformations in the head, neck, and facial region in children should begin with this.
Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Lymphatic Abnormalities/diagnostic imaging* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neck/diagnostic imaging* ; Head/diagnostic imaging* ; Face/diagnostic imaging* ; Child ; Male ; Female ; Child, Preschool ; Adolescent ; Infant

G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) participates in the phosphorylation and desensitization of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), impacting various biological processes such as inflammation and cell proliferation. Dysregulated expression and activity of GRK2 have been reported in multiple cells in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, whether and how GRK2 regulates synovial hyperplasia and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) proliferation is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the regulation of GRK2 and its biological function in RA. We found that GRK2 transmembrane activity was increased in FLSs of RA patients and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats. Additionally, we noted a positive correlation between high GRK2 expression on the cell membrane and serological markers associated with RA and CIA. Immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry and pull-down analyses revealed tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2) as a novel substrate of GRK2. Furthermore, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and molecular docking assays determined that the C-terminus of GRK2 binds to the C-terminus of TRAF2 at the Gln340 residue. GRK2 knockdown and the GRK2 inhibitor CP-25 attenuated synovial hyperplasia and FLS proliferation in CIA both in vitro and in vivo by decreasing GRK2 membrane expression and activity. Mechanistically, increased GRK2 transmembrane activity contributed to the recruitment of TRAF2 on the cell membrane, promoting GRK2-TRAF2 interactions that facilitate the recruitment of the E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM47 to TRAF2. This enhanced TRAF2 Lys63 polyubiquitylation and induced nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation, leading to synovial hyperplasia and abnormal proliferation of FLSs. Our study provides a mechanistic and preclinical rationale for further evaluation of GRK2 as a therapeutic target for RA.

【Objective】 To explore the expression of USP9X in platelets and its effect on platelet function. 【Methods】 The expression of USP9X in human and mouse was evaluated by PCR and Western blot. Platelets from young and old mice were separated and prepared, and the expression of USP9X was detected. USP9X inhibitos were used to assess the regulation of USP9X in platelet function, including aggregation, ATP release and spreading. Platelet lysates were collected in different time points to evaluate the change of phosphorylation of Akt in USP9X inhibitors treated platelets. 【Results】 Both human and mouse platelets expressed USP9X. Compared to the young mice, the old mice showed significantly enhanced expression of USP9X(P<0.05). To assess the effect of USP9X on platelet function, USP9X inhibitor was used to pre-incubate platelets for 30 min and platelet function were examined later. Results showed that USP9X inhibitor significantly decreased platelet activation including aggregation, ATP release and spreading(P<0.05). Compared to the control group, the inhibitor treated group showed a significant decrease in the spreading area after 45 minutes. The Western blot results showed a significant decrease in Akt phosphorylation levels of platelets in the USP9X inhibitor treated group. 【Conclusion】 Both human and mouse platelet express USP9X, and inhibition of USP9X decreased platelet function including aggregation, ATP release and spreading. USP9X can also influence the phosphorylation of Akt. The inhibitor of USP9X may become a potential therapeutic target for thrombosis intervention.

Objective:To explore the application value of laparoscopic contrast enhanced ultrasound in laparoscopic surgery for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma combined with cirrhosis.Methods:The clinical data of 71 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma combined cirrhosis from February 2018 to February 2020 in Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology were retrospectively analyzed. The patients underwent preoperative enhanced CT and multi-parameter MRI examination, followed by laparoscopic partial hepatectomy, and intraoperative laparoscopic contrast enhanced ultrasound examination. Based on histological examination and follow-up results, the diagnostic efficacy of preoperative imaging and preoperative imaging combined with intraoperative laparoscopic contrast enhanced ultrasound in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma combined with cirrhosis was compared.Results:Among the 71 patients, 69 completed laparoscopic surgery and 2 converted to open surgery. One hundred and ten HCC lesions were diagnosed by preoperative imaging examination, 105 lesions were detected by intraoperative ultrasound among them, of which 98 lesions were diagnosed as HCC by intraoperative laparoscopic contrast enhanced ultrasound. There were no statistically significant difference in sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value between preoperative imaging and preoperative imaging combined with intraoperative laparoscopic contrast enhanced ultrasound in the diagnosis of malignant liver lesions: 94.4% (102/108) vs. 99.1% (107/108), 81.0% (34/42) vs. 66.7% (28/42), 90.6% (136/150) vs. 90.0% (135/150), 92.7% (102/110) vs. 88.4% (107/121) and 85.0% (34/40) vs. 96.6% (28/29), P>0.05. Laparoscopic contrast enhanced ultrasound revealed an additional 11 suspected malignant lesions, of which 5 lesions were histologically confirmed as HCC. Seven patients underwent surgical strategy changes. Conclusions:Laparoscopic contrast enhanced ultrasound in patients with HCC combined with cirrhosis during laparoscopic surgery can be used to detect, identify, accurately locate of the lesions and modify the surgical plan.

Objective:To offset the shortage of traditional large-scale population surveillance and provide early-warning signals in the early stage of the outbreak of COVID-19, people in Chongqing had carried out severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) monitoring since 2023.Methods:After COVID-19 was managed with measures against Class B infectious diseases, we selected five sewage treatment plants with automatic sample collection facilities in four districts of the main city. Two samples of sewage from each sewage treatment plant were collected every week. Then SARS-CoV-2 from these samples was concentrated by aluminum hydroxide adsorption-precipitation, detected and analyzed by multiple real-time fluorescent RT-PCR.Results:From January 16 to December 31 of 2023, a total of 496 sewage samples were monitored, of which 285 samples were positive by SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid assay, with a total detection rate of 57.46%. The detection rate of SARS-CoV-2 in weeks 3-5, 18-21 and 40-47 was 100.00%. The daily mean nucleic acid concentration of SARS-CoV-2 in sewage peaked in the 18th week, and then began to decline, entering a low level and fluctuated in epidemic period. The variable trend of daily mean concentration of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid was basically consistent with daily number of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients or SARS-CoV-2 positive rate in fever clinic counted by infectious disease monitoring system.Conclusions:The detection rate of SARS-CoV-2 in sewage of Chongqing is relatively high, especially in April to May, and sewage monitoring can indirectly reflect the status of COVID-19 infection.

Objective To explore the value of preoperative detection of soluble fragments of cytokeratin-19 (CYFRA21-1), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and postoperative detection of nuclear proliferation associated antigen Ki67 in prognostic evaluation of non-small cell lung cancer patients. Methods The clinicopathological data and follow-up results of patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated in the Department of Thoracic Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University in 2017 were collected. CYFRA21-1>3.39 ng/mL was defined as positive, and CEA>5 ng/mL was defined as positive. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) of Ki67 expression level was drawn. The maximum area under the curve (AUC) was the cutoff value of Ki67 expression level, and the Ki67 expression level greater than its cutoff value was defined as positive. Cox regression analysis was used to determine the independent risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Results Finally 248 patients were collected, including 125 males and 123 females, with a median age of 61 years (ranging from 30 to 81 years) at the time of surgery. Univariate analysis showed that positive CYFRA21-1, high expression of Ki67, positive CEA, age≥60 years at operation, distant metastasis, lymph node metastasis, maximum tumor diameter>3 cm, and TNM stage Ⅲ were associated with poor prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. When combined detection of preoperative tumor markers and postoperative Ki67, the prognosis of all negative patients was the best, and that of all positive patients was the worst. Cox regression analysis showed that positive CEA+positive CYFRA21-1+high expression of Ki67 was an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (P<0.05). Conclusion The combined detection of preoperative serum CYFRA21-1, CEA, and postoperative Ki67 has important value in evaluating the prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer patients.

Objective To establish a predictive model for survival outcomes of glioma patients based on both brain radiomics features from preoperative MRI multi-sequence images and clinical features.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the MRI images and clinical data of 388 glioma patients and extracted the radiomics features from the peritumoral edema zone,tumor core,and whole tumor on T1,T2,and T1-weighted contrast-enhanced(T1CE)and fluid attenuated inversion recovery(FLAIR)sequences.The cases were divided into a training set(271 cases)and a test set(117 cases).Random survival forest algorithms were used to select the radiomics features associated with overall survival(OS)in the training set to construct a radiomic score(Rad-score),based on which the patients were classified into high-and low-risk groups for Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.Cox proportional hazard regression models for the 3 different tumor zones were constructed,and their performance for predicting 1-and 3-year survival rates was evaluated using 5-fold cross-validation and AUC analysis followed by external validation using data from another 10 glioma patients.The best-performing model was used for constructing a nomogram for survival predictions.Results Five radiomics features from the tumor core,7 from the peritumoral edema zone,and 5 from the whole tumor were selected.In both the training and test sets,the high-and low-risk groups had significantly different OS(P<0.05),and age,IDH status and Rad-score were independent factors affecting OS.The combined model showed better performance than the Rad-score model with AUCs for 1-year and 3-year survival prediction of 0.750 and 0.778 in the training set,0.764 and 0.800 in the test set,and 0.938 and 0.917 in external validation,respectively.Conclusion The predictive model combining preoperative multi-modal MRI radiomics features and clinical features can effectively predict survival outcomes of glioma patients.

Objective To establish a predictive model for survival outcomes of glioma patients based on both brain radiomics features from preoperative MRI multi-sequence images and clinical features.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the MRI images and clinical data of 388 glioma patients and extracted the radiomics features from the peritumoral edema zone,tumor core,and whole tumor on T1,T2,and T1-weighted contrast-enhanced(T1CE)and fluid attenuated inversion recovery(FLAIR)sequences.The cases were divided into a training set(271 cases)and a test set(117 cases).Random survival forest algorithms were used to select the radiomics features associated with overall survival(OS)in the training set to construct a radiomic score(Rad-score),based on which the patients were classified into high-and low-risk groups for Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.Cox proportional hazard regression models for the 3 different tumor zones were constructed,and their performance for predicting 1-and 3-year survival rates was evaluated using 5-fold cross-validation and AUC analysis followed by external validation using data from another 10 glioma patients.The best-performing model was used for constructing a nomogram for survival predictions.Results Five radiomics features from the tumor core,7 from the peritumoral edema zone,and 5 from the whole tumor were selected.In both the training and test sets,the high-and low-risk groups had significantly different OS(P<0.05),and age,IDH status and Rad-score were independent factors affecting OS.The combined model showed better performance than the Rad-score model with AUCs for 1-year and 3-year survival prediction of 0.750 and 0.778 in the training set,0.764 and 0.800 in the test set,and 0.938 and 0.917 in external validation,respectively.Conclusion The predictive model combining preoperative multi-modal MRI radiomics features and clinical features can effectively predict survival outcomes of glioma patients.

Objective To summarize the experience and practical value of living donor kidney harvesting in Bama miniature pigs with six gene modified. Methods The left kidney of Bama miniature pigs with six gene modified was obtained by living donor kidney harvesting technique. First, the ureter was occluded, and then the inferior vena cava and abdominal aorta were freed. During the harvesting process, the ureter, renal vein and renal artery were exposed and freed in sequence. The vascular forceps were used at the abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava, and the renal artery and vein were immediately perfused with 4℃ renal preservation solution, and stored in ice normal saline for subsequent transplantation. Simultaneously, the donor abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava gap were sutured. The operation time, blood loss, warm and cold ischemia time, postoperative complications and the survival of donors and recipients were recorded. Results The left kidney of the genetically modified pig was successfully harvested. Intraoperative bleeding was 5 mL, warm ischemia time was 45 s, and cold ischemia time was 2.5 h. Neither donor nor recipient pig received blood transfusion, and urinary function of the kidney transplanted into the recipient was recovered. The donor survived for more than 8 months after the left kidney was resected. Conclusions Living donor kidney harvesting is safe and reliable in genetically modified pigs. Branch blood vessels could be processed during kidney harvesting, which shortens the process of kidney repair and the time of cold ischemia. Living donor kidney harvesting contributes to subsequent survival of donors and other scientific researches.