[Objective] Pharmacological actions of polysaccharides from Fructus Rosae Roxburghii (PFRR) were investigated to supply evidence for its source development and application. [Methods] With ginsenoside as the positive control, the effect of PFRR on the swimming time and the survival time under the conditions of normotensive hypoxia, hyperther-mia and hypothermia in mice were observed. Phagocytic function of macrophage and serum hemolysin level were also detected. [Results] In PFRR group, the swimming time and the survival time under the above conditions were both prolonged, phagocytic percentage and phagocytic index increased and time at 50% hemolytic concentration prolonged ( P

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of treponema pallidum particle agglutination (TPPA) and toludine red unheated serum test (TRUST) for the therapeutic effects of early syphilis.Methods Syphilis patients visited the Dermatological Department of Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2012 to October 2016 were recruited, including 189 patients with early syphilis and 39 patients without clinical symptoms but with risky behavior within 3 months.Serum samples were tested by TPPA and TRUST respectively before treatment and at month 3, 6, 12 after treatment.Comparison between groups was done by χ2 test.Results Serum TPPA results of 228 patients with early syphilis prior to the treatment and within 12 months after treatment were all positive.Before treatment, TRUST tests results of 225 patients were positive, and 156 patients turned negative after 12 months of treatment with the negative conversion rate of 69.3%.The TRUST titer ≤1∶4 before treatment was defined as low-titer group, and ≥1∶8 before treatment was defined as high-titer group.There were 93 patients in the low-titer group, including 3 patients with negative results, and 90 patients with titer 1∶1-1∶4.There were 135 patients in the high-titer group.Twenty-seven patients achieved TRUST negative conversion after 3 months of treatment, among which 19.35%(18/93) with the negative conversion rate in the low-titer group and 6.67%(9/135) in the high-titer group.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ2=7.10, P<0.01).Sixty-two patients converted into negative results of TRUST assay after 6 months of treatment, including 36.56%(34/93) in the low-titer group and 11.85%(16/135) in the high-titer group whose titer of 1∶1-1∶4, and 6.45%(6/93) in the low-titer group and 4.44%(6/135) in the high-titer group whose titer ≥1∶8 turned negative.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ2=17.10, P<0.01).There were 67 patients converted negative detected by TRUST assay after 12 months of treatment, including 23.66%(22/93) in the low-titer group with titer of 1∶1-1∶4 and 14.81%(20/135) in the high titer group, and 1.08%(1/93) in the low-titer group and 17.78%(24/135) in the high-titer group whose titer ≥1∶8 were turned negative.The difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (χ2=1.51, P>0.05).Conclusion Serological tests combined with clinical signs can accurately diagnose early syphilis and evaluate the therapeutic effects.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the quality standard for Xianrengu oral liquid. METHODS:Thin layer chromatography (TLC) was used for qualitative identification of Epimedii Folium,Astragali Radix,lycium barbarum,Atractylodes macrocephala and Panax ginseng in Xianrengu oral liquid;RP-HPLC was preformed on the column of Dikma Diamonsil C18 with the mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid (30∶70,V/V)at the flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,the detection wavelength was 270 nm,the temperature was 30℃and the volume was 10μl. RESULTS:TLC identification had good separation,clear spots and high specifica-tion. The linear range of icariin was 7.97-510.00 μg/ml(r=0.999 3);RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were no more than 0.83%;and the average recovery was 97.69%(RSD=1.30%,n=6). CONCLUSIONS:This method is simple,accu-rate and simple,which can be used for the quality control of Xianrengu oral liquid.

Objective To establish the quality standards for compound Shatagan Oral Liquid. Methods Chuanxiong Rhizoma was identified by TLC. The content of ferulic acid was determined by HPLC. Separation was performed on a Diamonsil C18 column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5μm) with a mobile phase consisting of methanol-1% acetic acid solution in gradient elution (0-5 min, 35% methanol;5-8 min, 35%→23% methanol;8-22 min, 23% methanol) at 30℃;The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min;The injection volume was 5μL;The detection wavelength was 322 nm.Results Ferulic acid showed a good linear relationship in the range of 0.039 4-0.630 0μg (r=0.999 7,n=7). The average recovery was 98.22% and RSD was 2.62% (n=6).Conclusion The method is reliable, sensitive and with repeatability, which can be used as the quality control method for compound Shatagan Oral Liquid.

Objective To detect the antibiotic resistance of four kinds of gram-negative bacilli strains against seven antibiotics and to analyze the differences in antibiotic resistance between the strains isolated in intensive care unit (ICU) and common wards.Methods This study involved 3 238 gram-negative bacilli strains isolated in Beijing Tongren Hospital from January to December 2016.Of all strains, 46.6% were isolated in ICU (severe group) and 53.4% were isolated in common wards (general group).Resistance of these strains to seven kinds of antibiotics was detected and the differences between the two groups were analyzed.Results Antibiotic resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains to ceftriaxone, cefepime and imipenem were 41.7%, 41.2% and 39.5% in severe group and 20.9%, 21.7% and 17.1% in general group.Moreover, the differences between the two groups were all statistically significant (χ2Cefatriaxone=56.72, P<0.01;χ2Cefepime=49.12, P<0.01;χ2Imipenem=69.81, P<0.01).Antibiotic resistance rates of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains to imipenem was 17.2% in severe group and 8.8% in general group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ2Imipenem=11.48, P<0.01).Resistance rates of Escherichia coli strains to ceftriaxone and cefepime were 72.9% and 35.8% in severe group and 44.7% and 13.3% in general group, and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (χ2Ceftriaxone=40.13, P<0.01;χ2Cefepime=41.61, P<0.01).More than 60% of Acinetobacter baumanii strains whether they were isolated in ICU or in common wards were resistant to all the seven antibiotics, and there were no significant differences between the two groups.Conclusion Gram-negative bacilli strains isolated in ICU have higher resistance rates than those isolated in common wards and therefore antibiotics should be used differently.Regular monitoring of drug resistance should be strengthened to provide references for empirical clinical medication.

Objective To establish a quality standard forZishen Tongguan Capsules.Methods Anemarrhneae Rhizoma and Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex were qualitatively identified by TLC method. The contents of neomangferin, phellodendrine hydrochloride, mangiferin and berberine hydrochloride inZishen Tongguan Capsules were quantitatively determined by HPLC method.Results The spots of qualitative identification method were clear without interference. Neomangferin in Anemarrhneae Rhizoma and phellodendrinehy drochloride in Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex were identified. Neomangferin, phellodendrinehy drochloride, mangiferin and berberine hydrochloride showed good linearity in the range of 0.025 25–2.02 μg (r=0.999 7), 0.025 5–2.04 μg (r=0.999 7), 0.026–2.08 μg (r=0.999 7), and 0.025 5–2.04 μg (r=0.999 6) respectively. The average recoveries of neomangferin, phellodendrinehy drochloride, mangiferin and berberine hydrochloride were 99.99%, 101.06%, 103.05%, and 100.55%, respectively. The RSD were 2.69%, 5.62%, 2.49%, and 2.06%, respectively.Conclusion The method is accurate and rapid, with good stability, reliability and reproducibility, which can be used for the quality control and evaluation of the preparation of Zishen Tongguan Capsules.

Objective To establish quality standards forAnshu Liquid.Methods Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex and Kochiae Fructus were qualitatively identified by TLC method. The contents of berberine hydrochloride and phellodendrine hydrochloride in the preparation were determined by HPLC method. The chromatographic column was ZORBAX SB-C18 (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5μm); the mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid (0.5% diethylamine) gradient elution; the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min; the detection wavelength was 284 nm.Results Berberine hydrochloride and phellodendrine hydrochloride in Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex and saponin Ic in Kochiae Fructus were detected by TLC method. The linear relationship of berberine hydrochloride in the preparation was Y=23.109X?30.548,r2=0.999 8, RSD=2.97%, showing that the linear range of berberine hydrochloride was 0.050 5– 2.525 0 μg. The linear relationship of phellodendrine hydrochloride in the preparation wasY=10.038X?2.446 6, r2=0.999 9, RSD=1.24%, showing that the linear range of phellodendrine hydrochloride was 0.050 0–2.500 0 μg. Conclusion The method is accurate, rapid, stable and reliable, with good reproducibility, which can be used for the quality control and evaluation ofAnshu Liquid.

Estrogen participates in many life activities through combination with estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) or estrogen receptor beta (ERbeta) in the body. In order to establish an in vitro estrogen-like compound screening model, the coding region of human ERalpha and ERbeta was separately constructed into pET32-ERalpha and pET43-ERbeta prokaryotic expression vector and water-soluble recombinant ERalpha and ERbeta proteins were expressed in Escherichia coli strain BL21. Western blotting revealed that both recombinant proteins have estrogen receptor binding sites. The proteins were purified using S-Tag affinity Purification Kit and digested with enterokinase to get the ERalpha and ERbeta proteins. About 0.90 mg of ERalpha and 0.65 mg of ERbeta were obtained at the concentration of 0.181 and 0.131 mg x mL(-1), respectively.

Objective To investigate the clinical values of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18FDG PET-CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in precise radiotherapy after surgery in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.Methods A total of 53 patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma were enrolled and underwent PET-CT and MRI imaging within two weeks after surgery.The detection rates of residual lesions and lymph node metastases after surgery by PET-CT and MRI were compared on the basis of the pathological results of biopsy.The gross tumor volume (GTV) and clinical target volume (CTV) determined by PET-CT and MRI were compared;the normally distributed data were analyzed using the t test, and the skewed distribution data by the Wilcoxon rank sum test.The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value in predicting precise radiotherapy after surgery, as determined by PET-CT and MRI, were compared with the chi-square test.Results Fourteen patients had residual lesions after surgery.The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of PET-CT in detecting residual lesions after surgery were significantly higher than those of MRI (92.86%, 94.87%, 86.67%, 97.37%, and 94.34% vs.57.14%, 76.92%, 47.06%, 83.34%, and 71.70%, all P<0.05);the specificity, positive predictive value, and accuracy of PET-CT in detecting lymph node metastases were also significantly higher than those of MRI (all P<0.05), except for the sensitivity and negative predictive value (P>0.05).For the 14 patients with residual lesions, GTVPET/CT was significantly smaller than GTVMRI(45.62±22.13 cm3 vs.60.61±23.12 cm3, P=0.034), so did CTV (125.54±17.53 cm3 vs.142.18±21.22 cm3, P=0.011).There was no significant difference between CTVPET-CT and CTVMRI in 39 patients without residual lesions after surgery (117.87±17.66 cm3 vs.128.05±20.65, P=0.099).Conclusions PET-CT is superior to MRI in detecting the residual lesions and lymph node metastases after surgery in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, which provides valuable information for radiotherapy planning.

Objective To identify the genetic mechanism of fetuses with short limbs deformity.Methods From Aug.2008 to Aug.2011,ten fetuses with obvious short limbs were found in ultrasound screening performed at 18-24 and (or) 30-32 gestational weeks and underwent artificial induced labor with the patient' consent.Amniotic fluid or cord blood of the fetuses was collected for karyotyping analysis and detection of mutation point of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3)gene by polymerase chain reaction and gene sequencing.One fetus (case 3) who presented with achondrogenesis underwent sequencing of SLC26A2 and Trip11 gene meanwhile.Results Among the 10 fetuses with short limbs deformity,five cases were found during second trimester and five during third trimester.Nine cases were identified as normal karyotype and one was chimera (46,XY/45,XY,- 18).One fetus carried a rare FGFR3 mutation of c.1108G＞T (G370C) and was diagnosed as thanatophoric dysplasia at 21+3 weeks.Three fetus carried c.1138G＞A (G380R) mutation and were diagnosed as achondroplasia.These four families had low recurrent risk because no gene mutations were found in the parents.Three mothers of these four fetuses were pregnant again and had normal neonates now.No mutations were found in all gene sequencing in case 3.Conclusions Karyotyping analysis and sequencing of FGFR3 gene could find causative gene mutations and provide genetic counselling and prenatal diagnosis for some fetuses with short limbs deformity.In the third trimester,achondroplasia is the most possible diagnosis when short limbs fetus is found by ultrasound.