Five compounds were isolated from marine sponge Aplysinopsis sp.collected from the South China Sea.Their structures were elucidated by ~1H-NMR,~(13)C-NMR and MS as (E)-3'-deimino-3'-oxoaplysinopsin(Ⅰ),(Z)-3'-deimino-3'-oxoaplysinopsin(Ⅱ),3-(2- oxopropyl )- 3-hydroxyind-olin-2-one(Ⅲ),1H-indole-3-carboxaldehyde(Ⅳ),5?,6?-epoxystigmasta -7-en-3?-ol(Ⅴ).CompoundsⅢ,Ⅴwere isolated from Aplysinopsis sp.for the first time.

Objective To analyze the mutations of causal genes in sixteen Chinese patients with suspicious Bartter syndrome,and follow up their treatment results.Methods Mutations were identified by the next generation sequencing and the multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA).Clinical and biochemical features at the first presentation as well as follow-up results were reviewed.Results 15 different CLCNKB gene mutations were identified in sixteen patients with BS,including 11 novel ones.A novel missense mutation and a novel small deletion were found from SLC12A1 gene.A novel gross deletion was found in CLCNKA gene.A recurrent missense mutation was identified from BSND gene.The whole gene deletion mutation of CLCNKB gene was the most frequent mutation (32％),and the rate of gross deletion was up to 50 percent in this group of Chinese patients.The most common clinical manifestations were development retardation (15/16),polydipsia and polyuria (15/16).All of the patients were detected with hypokalemia,hypochloremia and metabolic alkalosis.Indomethacin treatment had significant improvement to the stature and weight restoration.Conclusion The present study has found 19 mutations,including 14 novel ones,which enriches the human gene mutation database (HGMD) and provides valuable references to the genetic counseling and diagnosis of Chinese population.

Objective To explore the development and interaction of left and right ventricular function in healthy children using tissue Doppler imaging.Methods Healthy children aged 0-15 years and adolescents were recruited,then children were divided into 6 groups:0-1 year,＞ 1-3 years,＞ 3-6 years,＞ 6-9 years,＞ 9-12 years,＞ 12-15 years.Healthy adolescents aged ＞ 15-25 years were also recruited.Every subject underwent echocardiography including cardiac dimension measurements,atrio-ventricular valvular velocity and early-diastolic flow velocity(E)/late-diastolic flow evlocity(A) ratio measured by pulsed color Doppler,atrio-ventricular annular myocardial velocity (including systolic velocity (s),early diastolic velocity (e) and late diastolic velocity (a)),time intervals (including isovolumic contraction time,ejection time and isovolumic relaxation time),isovolumic acceleration (ⅣA) and Tei index measured by tissue Doppler imaging.Results were compared among different groups,the correlations with age and other factors were explored.Furthermore,comparison was done between left and right ventricular functional parameters.Results Left ventricular Tei index and isovolumic contraction time were significantly lower during puberty.From infancy to pre-school stage,left ventricular E/A (flow velocity) and e/a(tissue velocity) increased accordingly,then presented with no significant changes among the following age groups(P ＞ 0.05).There were no significant differences in right ventricular Tei index,ⅣA,E/A (flow velocity) and e/a (tissue velocity) among the 6 groups (P ＞ 0.05).Left ventricular systolic myocardial velocity (s) and ⅣA were significantly lower than right ventricle (all P ＜ 0.001).However,left ventricular E/e(flow velocity) and e/a(tissue velocity) were significantly greater than right ventricle (all P ＜0.001).Conclusions In healthy children,left ventricular systolic function enhances during puberty,diastolic function increases from infancy to pre-school stage,then keeps stable till adolescents.Right ventricular systolic and diastolic function present with no significant changes during growth.Left ventricular diastolic function is greater than right one,however,right ventricular longitudinal systolic function is greater than left one.

OBJECTIVE: To study the influence caused by the different intervention opportunity and frequencies in treatment chronic sinusitis after endoscopic sinus surgery. METHOD: Eighty patients with chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps were divided into group A and group B randomly. First postoperative management of functional endoscopic sinus surgery was taken in one week after operation, a week one time at first and second month, two weeks one time at third and fourth month, one month one time after fifth month, in group A. First postoperative management of functional endoscopic sinus surgery was taken in two weeks after operation, two weeks one time at first and second month, one month one time from third month to fifth month, two month one time after sixth month, in group B. The nasal middle meatus mucociliary transport rate (MTR) was measured by saccharin method at third month, sixth month and twelfth month, the rate of epithelialization was measured at third months and the efficiency rate was measured at twelfth months after operation. RESULT: All results were no significant difference. CONCLUSION Appropriate extended postoperative management time and decrease intervention frequencies were not influence the therapeutic effect of endoscopic surgery for chronic sinusitis and/or nasal polyps.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Chronic Disease ; Endoscopy ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Polyps ; surgery ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; metabolism ; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures ; Postoperative Period ; Sinusitis ; surgery ; Time Factors ; Young Adult

Objective Through the practice of new practice teaching methods, to observe whether it can help students to strengthen their self-identity as ‘trainee doctors’. Methods By sim-ulating interrogation, building simulation medical environment and increasing operation project, the practice operation abilities and sense of identity were improved,The questionnaire were required to fill in at the beginning and at the end of the term, and the differences between two teaching methods in advantages, characteristics and the identity of ‘trainee doctors’by their own pairing were compared. Data were analyzed by software SPSS 18.0. Results The new teaching model, to a certain extent, alleviated the present situation of having relatively more students and insufficient source, which was superior to traditional teaching mode in improving students' initiative, enthusiasm, learning ability, practical ability, analysis of the problems, comprehensive ability and so on. It also enabled students to master some of doctor-patient communication skills(P<0.001), to realize the identity of‘trainee doctors’ (Z=-7.671, P<0.001). Conclusion The new practice teaching mode has solved the problems such as insufficient source in clinical teaching. It has also increased the initiative and enthusiasm of students' clinical learning, so that students can think, analyze and deal with the problems from the point of view of doctors, and implement the identity of a‘trainee doctor’.

This study was conducted to investigate the paclitaxel loaded by hydrazone bonds in poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(caprolactone) micelles (mPEG-PCL-PTX) on proliferation and apoptosis of human lung cancer A549 cells and its possible mechanisms of anti-tumor activity. The cell proliferation was measured with MTT assay. Flow cytometry were used to analyze the cell cycle. The cell apoptosis was analyzed using Hoechst/P staining. The expression levels of apoptotic genes expression in the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The mPEG-PCL-PTX could inhibit the proliferation of A549 cells and promote the apoptosis. The Bax, caspase-3 protein expression were increased while Bcl-2 protein expression was decreased in A549 cells. Results showed that the polymer containing hydrazone bond is non-toxic in vitro, the mPEG-PCL-PTX micelles can inhibit the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of A549 cells. Key words: paclitaxel; micelle; A549 cell; proliferation; cell cycle; apoptosis

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of Taijiquan training on bone density and balance function of post-menopause women. Methods59 volunteers of post-menopausal women were divided into Taijiquan group and control group. Bone density was examined with DPX-L. The balance function were recorded with win-pop balance monitor and star diagram. ResultsBone density in lumbar vertebra, left collum femoris and left Ward's septa were higher in the Taijiquan group than in the control group. The lengths of center excursive loci reduced in Taijiquan group. The distances that the foot could touch were longer at Posterolateral, posteromedial, posterior, lateral(back) directions in the Taijiquan group than in the control group. ConclusionTaijiquan training can improve the bone density and balance function in post-menopause women.

Objective: To explore the fear of evaluation in college student with social anxiety, in order to reveal the existence of implicit fear of evaluation and its relationships with explicit fear of evaluation. Methods: A total of 490 college students, selected from Fuzhou University by using convenience cluster sampling method, were surveyed with Interaction Anxiousness Scale (IAS). Finally, 65 valid subjects have completed the Implicit Association Test. Results: Social anxiety students explicit fear of evaluation was significantly higher than those of non social anxiety college students, including positive and negative ( t =7.03, 5.66 , P <0.01). There were significant differences between self positive evaluation of college students social anxiety (1 019.26±124.44 ms) and self neutral evaluation (909.78±175.20 ms)( t =5.67, P <0.05). In two groups of college students, there were significant differences between self negative evaluation[(1 142.54±157.06, 1 120.88± 216.33 )ms] and self neutral evaluation[(921.53±161.28, 783.72±140.74)ms]( t =9.17, 12.33, P <0.01). Implicit fear of evaluation were found to exist among students with social anxiety and without social anxiety. There was a low correlation between explicit and implicit fear of evaluation between social anxiety students and non social anxiety students( P >0.05); There was no significant gender difference between implicit and explicit fear of evaluation( P > 0.05 ). Conclusion Social anxiety college students have explicit and implicit fear of evaluation, with separate and independent effects.

Objective To summarize the clinical features of 22 probands diagnosed with congenital muscular dystrophy (CMD),and to provide genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis for 23 fetuses of these pedigrees.Methods Data of 22 CMD patients who were treated in the Pediatric Department of Peking University First Hospital during October 2006 to March 2016 were analyzed.Informed written consents for participation in this study were obtained from the parents or guardians.Prenatal diagnosis was performed using DNA samples extracted from fetal villus cells of 12 cases at 11-13 gestational weeks and amniotic fluid of 11 cases at 18-22 gestational weeks.Direct DNA sequencing by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) were used to detect CMD-related gene mutations.Linkage analysis of short tandem repeats (STRs) was used to identify maternal blood contamination and biological parents.Results Thirteen out of the 22 probands with CMD were diagnosed with congenital muscular dystrophy type 1 A (MDC1A),and all of them carried compound heterozygous mutations in LAMA2 gene.Prenatal diagnosis of 13 fetuses from these pedigrees found that four fetuses were wild-type,seven were heterozygotes and two carried the same mutations as their proband.Three probands with LMNA-related congenital muscular dystrophy (L-CMD) carried de novo mutations in LMNA gene.In these pedigrees,two fetuses were wild-type and one whose mother was mosaicism carried the same mutations as the proband.One proband with Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy carried compound heterozygous mutations in COL6A2 gene and the fetus of the same pedigree was wild-type.Five probands were diagnosed with α-dystroglycanopathies.And among them,two cases of muscle-eye-brain disease (MEB) carried compound heterozygous mutations in POMGnT1 gene and the fetuses of the two peidgrees were heterozygotes;one case of congenital muscular dystrophy type 1C (MDC1C) had compound heterozygous mutations in FKRP gene and the fetus carried the same mutations;one patient diagnosed with POMGnT1-related congenital muscular dystrophy with mental retardation (CMD-MR) carried compound heterozygous mutations in POMGnT1 gene,and the fetus was positive for the same mutations;one proband with POMT1-related CMD-MR was positive for compound heterozygous mutations in POMT1 gene and the results of prenatal diagnosis for two fetuses of this pedigree showed that the first fetus had the same mutations as the proband,while the second was heterozygote.Conclusions No effective therapeutic method is available for CMD.Therefore,accurate genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis are necessary to prevent CMD child from birth.

Objective: To analyze the features of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of patients with high-voltage electrical burns in limbs at early stage. Methods: Thirty-eight patients with high-voltage electrical burns, conforming to the study criteria, were hospitalized in our unit from March 2013 to August 2016. T₁ weighted imaging (T₁WI), T₂WI, fat-suppression T₂WI plain scan, and fat-suppression T₁WI enhanced scan of MRI were performed in 78 limbs, including 56 upper limbs and 22 lower limbs at post injury hour 72. The MRI signal characteristics of electrical burns in skin and subcutaneous tissue, skeletal muscle, tendon, joint ligament, and skeleton of limbs were analyzed. " Sandwich-like" necrosis and injury in skeletal muscle, injuries of tendon, joint ligament, and skeleton were observed. MRI signal characteristics of amputated upper limbs and salvaged limbs were also analyzed. All patients underwent surgery within 24 h after MRI examination, and the muscle vitality was judged during operation. Muscle tissue without reaction to electrical stimulation which was completely necrotic as shown by MRI, muscle tissue with weak reaction to electrical stimulation which was injured with blood supply as shown by MRI, and muscle tissue with edema as shown by MRI were collected, and then the pathological characteristics of muscle tissue were observed with HE staining. Results: (1) The defect area of patients at entrance of current was bigger than that at exit. The skin and subcutaneous tissue extensively unevenly thickened. T₂WI manifested hyperintensity, and T₁WI manifested isointensity, while fat-suppression enhanced T₁WI manifested uneven enhancement. Zonal effusion was seen in the region of serious subcutaneous edema. (2) For complete necrosis of skeletal muscle, T₂WI manifested hypointense, isointensity, or slight hyperintensity, and T₁WI manifested isointensity, slight hyperintensity, or mixed signal of isointensity and slight hyperintensity, while fat-suppression enhanced T₁WI manifested most no enhancement area with clear boundary. The MRI signals of injured skeletal muscle could be divided into two types. Type Ⅰ signal was for partial necrotic muscle adjacent to the completely necrotic zone. T₂WI manifested uneven hyperintensity or slight hyperintensity, with unclear boundary. T₁WI manifested isointensity or slight hyperintensity. Fat-suppression enhanced T₁WI manifested significant banding or laciness enhancement. Type Ⅱ signal was for deep muscle tissue far from the complete necrotic zone. T₂WI manifested hyperintensity, and T₁WI manifested isointensity or main isointensity mixed with hyperintensity, while fat-suppression enhanced T₁WI manifested uneven moderate or slight enhancement. Normal muscle signal, type Ⅰ signal, and type Ⅱ signal were all mixed with necrotic signal, showing " sandwich-like" change. For skeletal muscle edema, T₂WI manifested slight hyperintensity and unclear boundary, and T₁WI manifested hypointense, while fat-suppression enhanced T₁WI manifested no obvious enhancement. (3) For complete necrosis of tendon, T₂WI manifested isointensity or slight hyperintensity, and T₁WI manifested isointensity, while fat-suppression enhanced T₁WI manifested no enhancement. For tendon injury, T₂WI manifested isointensity, and T₁WI manifested isointensity or hypointense, while fat-suppression enhanced T₁WI manifested slight enhancement. (4) Severe injury of wrist joint were manifested as complete necrosis of soft tissue around joint. T₂WI manifested slight hyperintensity or isointensity, and T₁WI manifested isointensity, while fat-suppression enhanced T₁WI manifested no enhancement or slightly uneven enhancement. For completely destroyed wrist joints, the structures were not clear from outside to inside. T₂WI manifested slight hyperintensity or isointensity, and T₁WI manifested hypointense or isointensity, while fat-suppression enhanced T₁WI manifested no enhancement. For elbow injury, T₂WI manifested hyperintensity, and T₁WI manifested isointensity or hypointense, while fat-suppression enhanced T₁WI manifested uneven enhancement. For knee injury, T₂WI manifested hyperintensity, and T₁WI manifested hypointense, while fat-suppression enhanced T₁WI manifested slight enhancement. (5) For bone edema, T₂WI manifested isointensity, while fat-suppression T₂WI manifested slight hyperintensity. T₁WI manifested isointensity, and fat-suppression enhanced T₁WI manifested patchy enhancement. (6) MRI of amputated upper limbs showed necrosis signals, type Ⅰ signals, type Ⅱ signals, and mixed signals of type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ in skeletal muscle. The necrosis signal and type Ⅰ signal area of the distal end were more than 50% greater than those of the lesion. The scope of the ecological tissue was large and the boundary was not clear. There were diffuse injuries in both anterior and posterior muscles, and the ulnar and radial artery pulsation disappeared in the upper limbs. The MRI of salvaged limbs were type Ⅰ signal, type Ⅱ signal, mixed signals of type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ, and local necrosis signals of skeletal muscle. The type Ⅰ signal was the main type, and the distal end showed type Ⅱ signal. (7) For completely necrotic skeletal muscle as shown by MRI, surgical exploration showed loss of muscle viability, and pathological examination showed complete necrosis of striated muscle tissue. For injury area of skeletal muscle as shown by MRI, surgical exploration showed interecological muscle with activity worse than mormal muscle, and pathological examination showed normal muscle cells and muscle fiber mixed with necrotic striated muscle cells having karyopyknosis, with different degree of injury. For edema area of skeletal muscle as shown by MRI, surgical exploration showed swelling skeletal muscle and normal muscle vitality, and pathological examination showed striated muscle interstitial edema with a large number of inflammatory cells infiltration. The manifestions of MRI were consistent with the results of surgical exploration and pathological examination. Conclusions Skeletal muscle complete necrosis, injury, and edema could be preferably differentiated by MRI, and the definite scope and depth of electrical injury, the injury of skin, tendon, joint ligament, and bone could also be displayed well on MRI. It can provide objective imaging basis for the diagnosis of high-voltage electrical burns in limbs at early stage, the establishment of clinical operation plan, and the judgment of intraoperative tissue vitality.