Objective To review the clinical features,diagnostic work-up,classification,prognosis and treatment of systemic mastocytosis (SM).Methods The clinical data of 3 SM patients admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) were retrospectively analyzed and the review of recent literatures was performed.Results All the 3 cases were pathologically diagnosed.According to WHO 2008 classification criteria,2 cases were diagnosed as aggressive SM (ASM) and the other one was diagnosed as indolent SM (ISM).Case 1 was a 60-year-old female patient who had overt mediator release syndrome manifesting as episodes of flushing,fever,vomiting,palpitation,hypotension and syncope.She was diagnosed as aggressive SM based on significantly increased number of abnormal mast cells (accounting for 6％ of all nucleated cells) in the bone marrow aspiration sample and biopsy specimen which accompanied with decreased other myeloid and erythroid elements.Her disease was refractory to the treatment of H2 antihistamines and led to a fatal outcome eventually.Case 2 was a 72-year-old male patient who underwent extended proximal gastrectomy with esophagogastric anastomosis due to endoscopically detected diffuse thickening of the gastric fundic mucosa.The diagnosis as indolent SM was established according to the dense infiltrate of abnormal mast cells in the surgically resected part of stomach and regional lymph nodes.He had been in complete remission for more than 6 years ever since then.Case 3 was a 41-year-old female patient who presented with fever,urticaria pigmentosa and diffuse bone lesions.A bone biopsy specimen demonstrated a dense infiltrate of mast cells while the assays for KIT-D816V mutation and FIP1L1-PDGFRα fusion gene yielded negative results.She was diagnosed as aggressive SM and a progression-free survival of more than 1 year had been achieved with the treatment of prednisone,interferon-α and pamidronate.Conclusions SM is a rare disease.Diagnosis is primarily dependent on histopathology.There is currently no curative therapy for systemic mastocytosis.Treatment is intended to reduce symptoms and improve quality of life.The prognosis of ISM is much better than that of ASM.

Objective To investigate and analyze the requirement for health education during and after hospitalizadon of patients with cerebral apoplexy.Methods 150 sober patients with cerebral apoplexy from department of neurology were investigated by questionnaires and the results were analyzed. Results The education content that most patients wanted to understand during hospitalization was treatment method and limbs activity(83.6%and 82.2%);The health education style that they prefered was to communicate directly with doctors and nurses(74.0%);The education content after hospitalization that most patients required was self-nursing knowledge.clinical manifestation and first aid when relapse(90.4%,87.7%and 87.7%).The health education style that they most needed after hospitalization Was that Some reference books would he recommended to them (56.2%).The time choice for health education was consultation whenever they had problems.Conclusion Medical workers should supply selective education and instruction according to the health education requirement and style at different stages of patients with cerebral apoplexy.

The embryo development technique in Zebrafish, Brachydanio rerio, is a toxicity testing method making use of the high sensitivity of fish embryo development in early stage to study and evaluate the specific effecting mechanism, the most sensitive effecting time, embryo toxicity and teratogenicity of chemicals through observing the development process of zebrafish embryo after chemical exposure to fertilized ova. This technique has been widely used to test toxicity of chemicals with the advantages of low cost, high sensitivity, simple to operate and simultaneous to detect multi-endpoints. The main methodology, technical characteristics and the status of world-wide application of this technique are reviewed in this paper. Based on the urgent environmental problems in China, the prospects to use this method for monitoring toxicity of mixed pollutants in wastewater are put forward.

Objective To explore the concentration of required residual available chlorine dioxide(ClO 2 )and optimun contact time for ClO 2 disinfection in order to ensure the microbiological indexes of waste water of hospital disinfected by ClO 2 qualified.Meth ods The waste water samples collected from hospital,to which were aritificially added with predetermined con-centrations of bacteria,were disinfected by various concentrations of ClO 2 (2?4?6?8?10?12mg /L)with various contact time (5?10?30?60?90min).After disinfection,the concentration of residual ClO 2 and the contents of microorganism in waste water samples were determined.Re sults After30-min disinfection by10.0mg /L ClO 2 ,the waste water sample originally containing1.52?10 2 /L E.coli showed a bactericidal rate of99.99%and a concentration of residual ClO 2 at2.5mg /L.After10-min disin-fection by10.0mg /L ClO 2 ,the waste water samples originally containing1.12?10 10 /L Salmonella showed a bactericidal rate of100%and a concentration of residual ClO 2 at2mg /L.After5-min disinfection by10.0mg /L ClO 2 ,the waste water samples o-riginally containing M.tu berculosis at concentration of++++showed a negative result and a concentration of residual ClO 2 at3.5mg/L.Conclusion After the primary treatment,ClO 2 disinfection with contact time of30minutes and a residual concentration of ClO 2 at2.5mg /L could ensure the germicidal effect for E.coli,Salmonella and M.tu berculosis in waste water of hospital qualified.

BACKGROUND: Some studies suggest that pre-injection of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)can protect focal cerebral ischemia in mice. Cerebral ischemia tolerance is related to the increase of TNF-α level; on the other hand, TNF-α is an injurious cytokine associated with stroke. Circulating antibody against anti-TNF-α can protect reperfused injury.OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of TNF-α pretreatment and post-treatment on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and explore possible mechanism.DESIGN: Randomized controlled study.SETTING: Neurological Department, the Second Hospital Affiliated to Harbin Medical University.MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted at the Animal Experiment Center of Harbin Medical University from January to April 2002. Totally 120 healthy adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the following 8 groups: TNF-α 0.05 μg, 0.5 μg and 1.0 μg pretreatment groups and PBS group, TNF-α 0.05 μg, 0.5 μg and 1.0 μg post-treatment groups and PBS group with 15 in each group.METHODS: The focal brain ischemia model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was made using inserting thread method. TNF-α of different doses (0.05 μg, 0.5 μg or 1.0 μg) or PBS was injected intracisternally and 22-hour reperfusion, 8 rats from each group were killed. Then the perhour reperfusion, 7 rats from each group were killed. Then pathological changes were observed, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression were inspected by immunohistochemical method. Histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluation was made with the computer-assisted image analyzing system,and the number of GFAP positive cells and ICAM-1 positive vessels in each hemisphere was counted.riliary acidic protein and ICAM-1.infarct volume: TNF-α 0.5 μg and TNF-α 1.0 μg pretreatment groups showed reduced volume of lesion; infarct volume reduced by 70.9% in TNF-α 0.5 μg pretreatment rats and 66.5% in TNF-α 1.0 μg pretreatment rats. TNF-α 0.5 μg and TNF-α 1.0 μg post-treatment groups showed increased volume of lesion; infarct volume increased by 22.3% in TNF-α 0.5 μg post-treatment rats and 46.7% in TNF-α 1.0 μg post-treatment rats.TNF-α 0.05 μg and 1.0 μg pretreatment groups did not differ significantly (P ＞ 0.05), but there was an obvious difference between TNF-α 0.5 μg and pared with PBS pretreatment group, TNF-α 0.5 μg and 1.0 μg pretreatment groups showed lessened tissue damage and edema. Compared with PBS post-treatment group, TNF-α 0.5 μg and TNF-α 1.0 μg post-treatment fibriliary acidic protein and ICAM-1: TNF-α 0.5 μg and TNF-α 1.0 μg pretreatment groups showed reduced volume of glial fibriliary acidic protein and ICAM-1 (P ＜ 0.05); but TNF-α 0.5 μg and TNF-α 1.0 μg posttreatment groups showed increased volume of glial fibriliary acidic protein and ICAM-1 (P ＜ 0.05). TNF-α 0.05 μg and 1.0 μg pretreatment groups did not differ significantly (P ＞ 0.05); but there was an obvious difference between TNF-α 0.5 μg and 1.0 μg post-treatment groups (P ＜ 0.05).cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury. This effect is not related to the repair given after cerebral ischemia reperfusion, ischemia exacerbates, which is α are determined by whether TNF-αis given before or after cerebral ischemia in a dose-dependent manner.

Objective To develop a nursing network teaching platform gathered teaching, learning, interaction, inspectors, feedback and other advantages. Methods We designed and developed a network teaching platform to support the course learning of ‘Fundamental Nursing’, and questionnaire 72 Grade 2012 bachelor of nursing students to assess the effects of the network teaching platform. Results The network teaching platform acquired a high score of educational, scientific and usable aspects (3. 59 ± 0. 58), (3. 61 ± 0. 57) and (3. 58 ± 0. 60) among 72 students, as well as a high score at second-level indictor of assessment items. Conclusions The network teaching platform can broaden student′s knowledge reserve, and enhance autonomous initiative learning and quality of nursing education, so it achieves the predictive target.

Objective To explore a new modified stable genioplasty with modified MortiseTenon joints technique and to analyze the surgicaI results in clinic as well as to discuss the advantages in theory.Methods Eleven patients were performed by the genioplasty with Mortise-Tenon joints technique intraoral approach from June 2012 to March 2014,who were suffered from retrusion of chin with different degree accompanying with long chin.The two segments of the chin by osteotomy were made into the Mortise-Tenon joints and fixed by titanium plates.The results were evaluated by clinical appearances and image analyses.Results All 11 patients were satisfied with the procedure and the contour of the chin.The surgical effects were stable without any complications.The advancement in average Mortise-Tenon joints technique was 7.38 mm.Conclusions Much better in stablility and less relapse are achieved by using modified Mortise-Tenon joints technique;furthermore,the genioglossal muscle and geniohyoid muscle are reserved as much as possible,and therefore the normal function of them could be maintained.This method is a good alternative technique for chin retrusion coexisted withlong chin.

OBJECTIVETo synthesize artificial diethylstilbestrol (DES) antigen and to prepare DES polyclonal antibody with high titer and sensitivity.

METHODSThe derivative of DES (DES-HS) was synthesized from diethylstilbestrol, ethyl bromoacetate,bovine serum albumin (BSA) and chicken ovalbumin (OVA) with the nucleophilic substitution reaction; the compound was identified by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry(ESI-MS). The DES-HS and the carrier proteins (BSA, OVA) were cross-linked to prepare the artificial antigen; the UV absorption spectrophotometry and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used to identify the prepared artificial antigen. The rabbits were immunized with the DES artificial antigen to prepare the DES polyclonal antibodies.

RESULTSThe DES-HS was synthesized. The DES artificial antigen was prepared successfully with a coupling rate of 22:1. The DES polyclonal antibodies with a titer of 1:25 600 and IC50 of 10.81 ng/ml were prepared with DES artificial antigen.

CONCLUSIONA set of methods to synthesize DES artificial antigen and to prepare the DES polyclonal antibodies has been developed successfully.

Animals ; Antibodies ; immunology ; Antigens ; chemistry ; immunology ; Diethylstilbestrol ; analogs & derivatives ; immunology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; methods ; Male ; Rabbits

OBJECTIVETo prepare the antibodies against salbutamol (SAL) with high sensitivity and to develop an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunoassay (ic-ELISA) for fast detection of SAL.

METHODSThe New Zealand white rabbits were immunized with SAL in a small dose and long period mode. The method of ic-ELISA was optimized and adopted for the detection of a series of SAL samples, then the standard curve of SAL was established. The precision and the recoveries of the method were determined.

RESULTSThe antibodies with high sensitivity towards SAL were prepared with a IC50 of 12.21 ng/ml. The ic-ELISA method for SAL measurement was established, the recoveries of measurement was between 95%-105% and the CV was <3%.

CONCLUSIONThe antibodies against salbutamol have been prepared and an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunoassay for fast and specific detection of SAL has been developed.

Albuterol ; analysis ; immunology ; Animals ; Antibodies ; immunology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; methods ; Male ; Rabbits

Objective To clone and identify the heat shock factors(HSFs)of Schistosoma japonicum and analyze its molec?ular structure and alternative splicing pattern. Methods The New Zealand rabbits were infected with the cercariae of Schistoso?ma japonicum and were killed and dissected 42 days post?infection,and the adult worms of S. japonicum and the livers of the rabbits were harvested. Then,the total RNA was extracted by using Trizol reagent. The Sj?hsf open reading frame(ORF)and the alternative splicing fragments were amplified by RT?PCR from the female,male and egg samples,then cloned and verified by enzyme digestion and sequencing. DNAMAN 8.0,InterPro,Mega 6 combined with the Internet databases were utilized to clarify the gene structure,functional domains,alternative splicing pattern,and the homology and phylogenetic tree of HSFs. Re?sults Sj?hsf ORF and the alternative splicing fragments were amplified from the female,male and egg samples of S. japonicum by RT?PCR. After cloning,the positive recombinant plasmids pBSjHSFf?F,pBSjHSFf?M,pBSjHSFf?E containing Sj?hsf ORF, pBSjHSFs?F,pBSjHSFs?M,pBSjHSFs?E with Sj?hsf alternative splicing fragments were identified by enzyme digestion and se?quencing. Three alternative splicing Sj?hsf isoforms were observed through sequence analysis:Sj?hsf?isoform1(2 050 bp),Sj?hsf ?isoform2(2 086 bp)and Sj?hsf?isoform3(2 111 bp);the GenBank accession numbers were KU954546,KX119143 and KX119144,respectively. All the three isoforms located in the same Contig SJC_S000780 of S. japonicum genome and all ex?pressed at female,male and egg stages,but Sj?hsf?isoform1 with a high?level expression. Sj?HSF?isoform1(671 aa)and Sj?HSF?isoform2(683 aa)had DBD(DNA binding domain),HR?A/B and HR?C domains,while Sj?HSF?isoform3(282 aa)stopped in advance without HR?C domain. Phylogenetic tree analysis of HSFs illustrated that Sj?HSFs belonged to HSF1 family,with a close phylogenetic relationship to Sm?HSFs. Conclusions There are three alternative splicing isoforms of Sj?HSF existing in the female,male and egg stages of S. japonicum,but Sj?HSF?isoform1 expresses in a high?level. This study lays the foundation for further study on molecular mechanisms of Sj?HSFs in regulating the heat shock response system.