Objective To explore the concentration of required residual available chlorine dioxide(ClO 2 )and optimun contact time for ClO 2 disinfection in order to ensure the microbiological indexes of waste water of hospital disinfected by ClO 2 qualified.Meth ods The waste water samples collected from hospital,to which were aritificially added with predetermined con-centrations of bacteria,were disinfected by various concentrations of ClO 2 (2?4?6?8?10?12mg /L)with various contact time (5?10?30?60?90min).After disinfection,the concentration of residual ClO 2 and the contents of microorganism in waste water samples were determined.Re sults After30-min disinfection by10.0mg /L ClO 2 ,the waste water sample originally containing1.52?10 2 /L E.coli showed a bactericidal rate of99.99%and a concentration of residual ClO 2 at2.5mg /L.After10-min disin-fection by10.0mg /L ClO 2 ,the waste water samples originally containing1.12?10 10 /L Salmonella showed a bactericidal rate of100%and a concentration of residual ClO 2 at2mg /L.After5-min disinfection by10.0mg /L ClO 2 ,the waste water samples o-riginally containing M.tu berculosis at concentration of++++showed a negative result and a concentration of residual ClO 2 at3.5mg/L.Conclusion After the primary treatment,ClO 2 disinfection with contact time of30minutes and a residual concentration of ClO 2 at2.5mg /L could ensure the germicidal effect for E.coli,Salmonella and M.tu berculosis in waste water of hospital qualified.

Objective To establish the quality standard of charred Radix et Rhizoma Rhei. Methods Kromasil-C18 column (4.6 mm?150 mm, 5 ?m) was used with mobile phase of methanol-0.1% phosphate acid (85∶15), 1.0 mL/min, and detection at 254 nm. Result Average recoveries of charred Radix et Rhizoma Rhei: Emodin was 98.43% and Chrysophanol was 98.32%, RSD was 1.17% and 1.02% respectively. Conclusion This method is simple. The result is accurate and reproducible. It can be used in the study of the processing technics of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei and the quality control of charred Radix et Rhizoma Rhei.

The Quality Standard of Multicomponent Dibiling, a nose drop for nasitis was studied.The presence of garlic, cassia and ephedra were demonstrated by TLC and the amouns of Allicin in the preparation was determined by HPLC. The method is simple, rapid and accurate.Average recoyery (n = 6 ) was 101.41 %and CV%was1 .76.

Objective To establish systematic and integrated quality standard for Citrus medica. Methods To make clear the ancient applicated history and the present situation of the research of Citrus medica. The breed resources citrus medica and its medicinal present situation were investigated, and some chemical constituents from citrus medica were extracted and separated. Qualitative and quantitative methods were employed on citrus medica by HPLC methods. Results Changes in the distribution of the two variety resources of citrus medica were discovered, and six components were separated and identificated. The identificated characteristics of the two variety was found in the HPLC fingerprint for the first time. Some methods such as character identification, thin-layer identification, check of water and ash, determination of useful ingredients and the content of extracturm were established to evaluate quality standard for citrus medica. Conclusion The research on quality control standards of the citrus media is systematic and integrated, and these methods are scientific and accurate, which are suggested to the country to adopt.

Objective To investigate the evaluation of the employing hospital about nursing undergraduate students,to understand the actual working capacity of graduates and explore the quality requirement and individual needs of nuring undergraduates according to the findings,to improve the quality of nursing undergraduates and personnel training specifications.Methods The self-evaluation questionnaires on nursing undergraduates was used to investigate eight hospitals which accepted three or more graduates of our college by letter investigation.Results The employing hospital had the highest satisfaction degree on the moral character and working attitude,respectively 98.1%and 96.2%;the satisfaction degree of management and research capability was the lowest,respectively 81.0%and 80.0%. Conclusions Overall assessment of the quality of graduates is better,the graduates' clinical competence,interpersonal relations and psychological quality is satisfactory,nursing skills and adaptability should be improved;foreign language,scientific research,administration and management capacity is rehtively weak.In the future,the college should adapt to the reeds of employers in the teaching process,strengthening the training of practical ability and adaptability,using appropriate methods to enhance research and foreign language skills,appropriately adjust training goal of undergraduates.

Objective To investigate and analyze the requirement for health education during and after hospitalizadon of patients with cerebral apoplexy.Methods 150 sober patients with cerebral apoplexy from department of neurology were investigated by questionnaires and the results were analyzed. Results The education content that most patients wanted to understand during hospitalization was treatment method and limbs activity(83.6%and 82.2%);The health education style that they prefered was to communicate directly with doctors and nurses(74.0%);The education content after hospitalization that most patients required was self-nursing knowledge.clinical manifestation and first aid when relapse(90.4%,87.7%and 87.7%).The health education style that they most needed after hospitalization Was that Some reference books would he recommended to them (56.2%).The time choice for health education was consultation whenever they had problems.Conclusion Medical workers should supply selective education and instruction according to the health education requirement and style at different stages of patients with cerebral apoplexy.

Objective To explore the application of mini-clinical evaluation exercise (Mini-CEX) in training the diagnostic thinking ability for clinical interns.Methods 83 interns who came to the First People's Hospital of Lianyungang for clinical practice in June 2015 were divided into the experimental group (45 interns) and the control group (38 interns) according to their schools.The two groups received the same clinical teaching according to internship program of five-year clinical medicine,while the experimental group had to take a weekly Mini-CEX training in chnical sections.The diagnostic thinking ability of the two groups was measured by the Diagnostic Thinking Inventory in Chinese version at the beginning and the end of the internship respectively.SPSS 21.0 was applied to processing the data.Measurement data were expressed as mean plus or minus standard deviation,and t test was used in the comparison between groups.Results At the end of the internship,the total score of diagnostic thinking,the score of knowledge structure in memory and the score of flexibility in thinking of the experimental group were higher than scores at the beginning statistically,and the experimental group had a statistically higher score than the control groups in knowledge structure in memory [(69.36 ± 4.28) vs.(66.95 ± 4.78),P=0.018].Conclusion Mini-CEX training can enhance the clinical diagnostic thinking ability of interns by improving their knowledge structure in memory.

OBJECTIVE:To study the synthetic technique of magnesium gluconate METHODS:By taking gluconolactone and magnesium oxide as the semifinished materials,the synthetic technique of magnesium gluconate was optimized by orthogonal design RESULTS:The optimal preparing condition:gluconolactone∶magnesiumoxide(mol∶mol)was 1∶0 6;reaction temperature 100℃;reaction time 3 hours Under the optimal conditions,the drug were synthesized with a rate of total output over 95 0% CONCLUSION:This synthetic technique is stable in output rate,short in reaction period and feasible in operation

Objective To explore the effect of decoction of four-drug juice plus glutamine on nutritional support in the elderly critically ill patients. Methods One hundred and twenty-four elderly critical ill patients in The First Hospital of Jilin University from May 2010 to May 2012 were randomly divided into treatment group(n = 62)and control group(n = 62). Patients in both two groups were given enteral nutrition(EN)plus parenteral nutrition(PN)after the hemodynamics became stable. In addition,patients in control group were given routine EN + PN,while in treatment group was given decoction o four-drug juice + EN plus glutamine + PN. Prealbumin (PA),serum total protein( TP),transferrin( TF)and serum albumin( ALB)were detected before and after treatment of nutritional support. The informations including recovery of bowel sounds,the occurrence of complications,antibiotic use time and the duration of ICU stay were recorded. Results There were no significant differences between two groups in terms of nutrition indices before treatment(P > 0. 05). After treatment,the contents of pre albumin,transferrin,total serum protein,serum albumin in treatment group were( 145. 24 ± 6. 72)g/ L,(1. 93 ± 0. 98)g/ L,(79. 86 ± 10. 38)g/ L,(54. 91 ± 2. 91)g/ L respectively,better than those in control groups((139. 24 ± 38. 76),(1. 68 ± 0. 33),(74. 73 ± 7. 31),(49. 87 ± 2. 61)g/ L),and the differences were statistically significant( t = 3. 610,2. 929,4. 360,6. 767;P < 0. 05). The incidence of stress ulcer and double infection in treatment group were 42%(26 / 62),37%(23 / 62),significantly lower than the control group(59%(37 / 62),53%(33 / 62)),and the differences were statistically significant( χ2 = 5. 186, 5. 271,P < 0. 05). Antibiotic use time and the duration of ICU stay in treatment group were(8. 82 ± 0. 71)d and(16. 14 ± 3. 01)d,and reaching full eternal nutrition time was(6. 90 ± 1. 01)d,decreased less than that in control group((10. 21 ± 1. 30),(20. 67 ± 2. 29),(13. 91 ± 1. 51)d)and the differences were statistically significant(t = 8. 892,7. 786,3. 609,P < 0. 05). The average recovery time of bowel sounds and first anal exhaust time average in treatment group were(26. 8 ± 3. 6)h,(25. 4 ± 3. 2)h,lower than that in control group ((38. 4 ± 4. 8)h,(37. 6 ± 4. 9)h)and the differences were statistically significant( t = 3. 551,2. 516,P< 0. 05). Conclusion The application of decoction of four-drug juice plus glutamine on nutritional support of the elderly critically ill patients can reduce complications,shorten the duration of ICU,recover the intestinal function as soon as possible. Meanwhile,patients can transit to full eternal nutrition as soon as possible,then the cost of therapy is reduced and rehabilitation is quickly.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the training and evaluation for hospital pharmacy teachers. METHODS:19 pharmacists-in-charge in the pharmacy department of our hospital received training of teaching ability,and theory test and multi-sta-tion practical technique test were conducted after training. The items examined in theory test included training rules,the profession-al knowledge of pharmacy and teaching method;the content of practical technique test included checking prescriptions/medication orders,drug dispensing,medication management,patient education and ADR report. Each teacher’s test included 3 of 5 items above based on different responsibilities. All scores were analyzed and summarized. RESULTS:The score of practical technique test was higher than the score of theory test;teachers’grasp of training rules was the worst in theory test;in practical technique test,the score of medication management was the highest for teachers worked at the post of dispensing;while the score of patient education was higher than the score of ADR report for teachers who were clinical pharmacists,the differences were statistically sig-nificant(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:In order to improve teaching ability, teachers should receive intensive training on the train-ing rules and the professional knowledge of pharmacy;the multi-station examination mode will be improved in many modes such as increasing stations,standardized test paper and standardized trainees;meanwhile,the young pharmacists should be encouraged for positive commitment to the teaching work and continuously enriched with experience.