Objective:To develop the attitudes toward gay men and lesbians in Chinese context.Methods:Based on the sex differences in homosexual researches and the three factors of attitude,the initial Scale included two subscales of gay men and lesbians,and selected items from cognition,emotion and behavior;used the initial scale firstly to test 353 college students,then selected items through 4 methods;secondly,investigated 404 college students and 533 community residents with the ultimate scale in order to assess it in reliability and validity,10 days after the first testing session,193 students were re-tested.Results:Developed the attitudes toward lesbians and gay men scale of 20 items;the test-retest coefficients of total-scale was 0.959,the Cronbach's ? coefficient of the total-scale was 0.898,the split-half reliability was 0.912.Factor Analysis indicated there were three components in the scale including moral judgement,emotional reaction,and social communication.Conclusion:The attitudes toward lesbians and gay men scale has a high reliability and a good validity and can be used in researches of the public Attitudes toward homosexual.

Objective:To investigate association between loneliness and depressive episode among rural older people.Methods:A total of 839 rural adults (aged over 60 years) from Liuyang in Hunan were enrolled by using multi-stage cluster sampling method.The Short-form of the UCLA Loneliness Scale,the Social Support Rating Scale,the Life Events Scale for the Elderly,Quality of Life Scale,and the Activity of Daily Living Scale were used to assess loneliness,the social support condition,the stimulating quantity of negative life events,the quality of life,and the abilities of daily life activities,respectively.The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-Ⅳ-TR Axis I Disorders questionnaire survey was performed by a face-to-face interview.Results:The prevalence rate of depressive episode among the rural older people was 6.8％.Multivariable analysis showed that the elderly who were with stronger loneliness were the risk factor of depression (OR=1.126,95％CI 1.038 to 1.221).Conclusion:Loneliness is positively associated with an increased risk of depressive episode.

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of patients with advanced schistosomiasis in Hunan Province,so as to provide the evidence for formulating the advanced schistosomiasis prevention strategies and measures. Meth-ods The data of advanced schistosomiasis patients were collected and analyzed retrospectively with the cross section research method and description method in Hunan Province,2012. Results There were 5 722 advanced schistosomiasis patients in Hu-nan Province,and among them,4 112 patients were male(71.86%),and 1 610 were female(28.14%). Totally 5 311 patients came from the schistosomiasis endemic areas(92.82%)and 411 patients from non-schistosomiasis endemic areas(7.18%). The prevalence rate of advanced schistosomiasis was 8.46/10 000. The mean age of advanced schistosomiasis patients was 60.30 ± 11.63 years,and the youngest was 17 years old and the oldest 92 years old. In the age composition of advanced schistosomiasis pa-tients,the greatest number of cases was in the 60-70 years age group (32.72%). There were 3 595 cases of ascites type (62.83%),2107 cases of splenomegaly type(36.82%),11 cases of dwarf type(0.16%),and 11 cases of colon proliferation type (0.35%). Conclusion The prevalence rate of advanced schistosomiasis is relatively stable in Hunan Province,and the age of the patients showed an old aging trend. The salvation of advanced schistosomiasis patients in non-endemic areas should be strength-ened.

Objective: To understand the prevalence of dating violence experienced by gay men in Guangzhou. Methods: A self-report surveys were collected and analyzed from 510 gay men and 510 heterosexual males. Respondents were assessed with the self-made social demographic information questionnaire, Dating Violence Questionnaire (DVQ). DVQ included three parts which were five types of violence (controlling, emotional, security threatening, physical and sexual violence), whether they were threatened of disclosure of their sexual orientation to the public ("outing") and whether they had seek for help from other individuals or organizations after the violence as stated above. Results: The rate of reported at least one type of dating violence in gay men was 34.5％. Controlling for age, education, place of household registration etc., in logistic regression models, gay men were 5.08 times (95％ CI: 3.54——7.29) more likely to report any type of dating violence comparing to male heterosexual males. And 12.6％ gay men experienced the threat of being outed. Among those gay men who experienced dating violence, 85.2％ of them did not seek any help from anyone or any organization. Conclusion: Overall, the prevalence of dating violence among gay men is higher than that of heterosexual males. It is necessary to have targeted interventions for dating violence among gay men.

Objective To explore the status of depression in patients with advanced schistosomiasis and its influencing fac-tors,so as to provide the evidence for improving psychological interventions. Methods A total of 206 patients with advanced schistosomiasis were investigated with the self-designed general information questionnaire,the Self-Rating Depression Scale,and WHOQOL-BREF Form. Results Among the 206 cases,the incidence of depression was 69.4%,and depression was negatively related to the quality of life(P = 0.000). The multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the times of hospitalization(β=0.442,P=0.007)was a risk factor for depression,while the high education levels(β=-0.583,P=0.011)and the history of por-tal hypertension operation(β=-0.917,P=0.000)were the protective factors. Conclusion The incidence of depression in ad-vanced schistosomiasis patients is high,and it is influenced by various factors. Therefore,we should take corresponding interven-tions to reduce its occurrence.

Objective:To screen differentially expressed circular RNA (circRNA) in rat articular chondrocyte injury induced by T-2 toxin, and explore the mechanism of cartilage injury.Methods:Twenty-four SD rats (males, body weight 60 - 80 g) were randomly divided into T-2 toxin group (administrated T-2 toxin 100 ng·g -1·d -1 by gavage) and control group (administrated equal amounts of deionized water by gavage) using a random number table method, 12 rats in each group. After 4 weeks of intervention, the articular cartilage was collected for transcriptome sequencing. Deseq2 software [ P < 0.05 and |log 2(fold change)| > 1, fold change was the multiple of differential expression] was used to identify differentially expressed circRNA. Based on the competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) hypothesis, the miRanda software was used to predict the microRNA (miRNA, miR) binding sites of differentially expressed circRNA, and Cytoscape 3.10.0 software was used to plot the circRNA-miRNA interaction network. MiRWalk 3.0, MiRDB, and miRTarBase softwares were used to predict downstream target genes, and Cytoscape 3.10.0 software was used to map the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA interaction network. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were used to analyze the biological functions and enrichment pathways of target genes. Results:A total of 19 differentially expressed circRNAs were screened (including 10 upregulated and 9 downregulated). A total of 1 320 miRNAs binding sites and 16 target genes were predicted. Target gene enrichment analysis revealed significant enrichment of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathway ( P < 0.05). Tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (Traf6) and interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (Irak1) were enriched in the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways, with corresponding miRNA and circRNA of miR-146a-5p and chr2: 94716330|94720889. Conclusion:Nineteen differentially expressed circRNAs in rat articular chondrocyte injury are successfully screened, and chr2: 94716330|94720889 may regulate the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways through the miR-146a-5p/Traf6/Irak1 axis, inducing articular chondrocyte injury.

Objective:To understand Chinese gay men's health and life satisfaction in Guanzhou,and to analyze the main factors for life satisfaction.Methods:Male gay participants were recruited through respondent-driven sampling and faceto-face investigations with self-administered questionnaires,including a general demographic questionnaire,a suicide questionnaire,the Depression-Anxiety Stress Scale,the Self-Stigma Scale,the Perceived Social Support Scale,the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale,and the Satisfaction with Life Scale.Results:Surveys were successfully conducted for 420 gay men.High levels of depression,anxiety,and stress were observed among the respondents.A total of 29.3％ had suicidal tendency in the past year,36.5％ experienced dating violence,39.2％ had homosexual sex without protection in the past 6 months,and 14.0％ were infected with at least one type of infection of sexually transmitted diseases.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that gay men who felt highly satisfied with life exhibited low levels of self-stigma,high self-esteem,and low levels of depression.Moreover,they did not suffer dating violence and playing passive sex roles.Conclusion:The survey confirmed that gay men in Guangzhou,China,have poor health and lower life satisfaction levels.Self-stigma,self-esteem,sex roles,depression,and dating violence are the main factors that influence the life satisfaction of them.

Objective:To describe functional disability rate of anxiety disorders in Chinese community adults and explore related risk factors of functional disability.Methods:To conduct in-depth data analysis on China Mental Health Survey(CMHS).The diagnostic tool for anxiety disorders was the Composite International Diagnostic Inter-view-3.0,according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders,Fourth Edition(DSM-Ⅳ).The World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule,2nd edition,was the functional disability assessment standard for anxiety disorders.Weighted 12-month functional disability rate of DSM-Ⅳ anxiety disorder with co-morbidities and only anxiety disorder in population and those in patients,as well as days of partial disability were calculated.The effects of anxiety disorders comorbid other mental disorders and physical diseases and demographic factors on the severity and occurrence of functional disability were analyzed by multiple linear regression and logis-tic regression.Results:The functional disability rate of anxiety disorder with comorbidities in population was 1.7％,and 42.2％in patients,in which constituent rate of grade-four disability was the highest as 84.1％.The functional disability rate of only anxiety disorder in population was 0.3％,and 17.8％in patients.The medians of days of partial disability days in the past 30 days were from 0 to 14.42.Multiple linear regression showed a positive association between comorbid anxiety disorder with other mental disorders and physical diseases(β=0.24),comor-bid other mental disorders and physical diseases(β=0.21),physical diseases(β=0.18),comorbid anxiety disor-der and physical diseases(β=0.15),comorbid anxiety disorder with other mental disorders(β=0.08),other men-tal disorders(β=0.07),only anxiety disorder(β=0.06),lower education level(β=0.12),lower economic status(β=0.08),older age(β=0.06),non-marital status(β=0.06),male(β=0.02)and the severity of functional dis-ability.Logistic regression showed that comorbid anxiety with other mental disorders and physical diseases(OR=64.07),comorbid anxiety disorders with other mental disorders(OR=36.75),comorbid other mental disorders with physical diseases(OR=20.60),comorbid anxiety with physical diseases(OR=18.88),anxiety disorder(OR=9.20),other mental disorders(OR=6.65),physical diseases(OR=4.00),65 years old and over(OR=4.40),50 to 64 years old(OR=2.33),low economic status(OR=2.10),illiterate and below primary school educational level(OR=1.89),middle economic status(OR=1.70),elementary school educational level(OR=1.59),non-marital status(OR=1.47),male(OR=1.16)were the risk factors of the occurrence of functional disability.Conclusion:Comorbidity of anxiety disorders and other mental disorders,and physical diseases increases severity and occurrence of functional disability.Comorbidity,male,gender,older age,lower economic and educa-tional level and non-marital are risk factors of anxiety disorder functional disability.

Objective:To describe disability rates of dementia in community residents aged 65 years and over in China,and explore related risk factors of disability.Methods:This study conducted an in-depth data analysis of the China Mental Health Survey.World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0(WHODAS 2.0)was used to assess dementia disability,Community Screening Interview for Dementia(CSID)and Geriatric Mental Status Examination(GMS)were used for dementia screening and diagnosing.Univariate analysis was used to calcu-late the weighted disability rates of dementia in population and in patients,and their population distribution.Multiple linear regression and logistic regression were used to analyze the risk factors of the occurrence of dementia disability and its severity.Results:The weighted disability rate of dementia was 2.1％in population,and 38.6％in pa-tients.The disability rates of comorbid dementia in population and in patients were higher than those of patients with only dementia.Female,older age,lower education level,lower economic status,and lower cognitive test scores in CSID had higher disability rates of dementia in population.Female and urban resident had higher disability rates of dementia in patients.Multiple linear regression showed economic status(β=0.11),gender(β=0.11),age(β=0.10),and treatment in the last 12 months(β=-0.20)were statistically associated with WHODAS 2.0 scores.Multiple logistic regression showed female(OR=2.81)and treatment in the last 12 months(OR=2.38)were statistically associated with disability.Conclusions:Persons with low economic status,female and elderly peo-ple are the high-risk groups for dementia disability.It should be paid attention to prevent dementia and its conse-quential disabilities.