Objective:This paper was designed to reveal the active ingredients to inhibit platelet aggregation in Andregraphis Paniculata Ness (APN).　Methods:Separating the active component parts of APN on the antiplatelet aggretion by extraction of organic solvent, chemical separation and silica column chromatography step by step, simultaneously comparing the effect of samples in APN on the antiplatelet aggretion induced by ADP, so that we can find the more active components.　Results:We find the acid components in chlorlform parts (F021) show more active on the antiplatelet aggretion, farthermore we think we can obstain pure chemicals on the antiplatelet aggretion in F0212 and F0214.　Conclusions:The active components on antiplatelet aggretion of APN can be prepared by separation step by step.

Objective To explore the radiosensitivity ofβ-elemene on Colo320 cells transplanted tumor in nude mice and its molecular mechanisms.Methods Colo320 cells transplanted tumor model was established by cell suspension inoculation in nude mice.Then the transplanted mice with 0.8-1.0 cm3 tumor were randomly divided into 4 groups:control,β-elemene (40 mg/kg),radiation (4 Gy),andβ-elemene (40 mg/kg)+ radiation (4 Gy) groups,with four to five mice in each.Tumor weight and morphology were observed in each group.In addition,the apoptosis of tumor cells was measured by TUNEL and the expression of Fas gene was detected by immunohistochemistry.Results The nude mice transplanted tumor model was successfully established.Compared with that in control and simple radiation groups,tumor weight was significantly decreased inβ-elemene combined with irradiation group (P <0.05).At the same time,the apoptosis rate and the expression of Fas gene in tumor cells were significantly increased (P <0 .0 5 )inβ-elemene combined with irradiation group compared with control and simple radiation groups. Conclusion β-elemene could enhance the radiosensitivity of Colo320 cells transplanted tumor in nude mice probably by inducing Fas-mediated apoptosis of tumor cells.

Objective To investigate the function of apoptosis in the renal injury by observing change of renal pathology and ultrastructure in the rat with obstructive jaundice(OJ) and if salvia miltiorrhiza(SM) can lighten the renal dysfunction of obstructive jaundice.Methods A total of 100 adult Sprague-Dawley rats were studied.Among them,the 80 models of obstructive jaundice were established by ligating bile duct(BDL),then divided into two groups: the OJ rats administered daily abdomen injections of SM(1.7g per rat) after operation of bile duct ligation(the SM group,n= 40);the OJ rats receiving only the same normal saline(the OJ group,n=40).The other rats with sham operation receiving only normal saline(the control group,n=20).Three groups of rats were sacrificed in groups at postoperation 1,2,3 and 4 week,respectively.Then serum BUN & Cr were tested and renal change of histopathology and ultrastructure were observed;Apoptosis of renal tissue were assayed by TUNEL method.Results With the time of BDL extending,the value of serum BUN & Cr increased;Apoptotic cells increased in renal tissue.After treatment with SM,the injury degree of renal function and histopathologic changes decreased.Conclusion Obstructive jaundice can lead to renal injury.Apoptosis had an important effect on renal function injury in the rat with obstructive jaundice.Salvia miltiorrhiza can ease the degree of renal function injury.

Neurogenic bladder caused by herpes zoster is not common.An 86 years old male patient with 6 months of dysuria and urinary retention caused by herpes zoster underwent sacral neuromodulation (SNM) operation. The symptoms of dysuria and fecal incontinence were improved significantly after operation.

Objective To investigate the relationship of the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax protein with apoptosis of renal tubular epithelia in rats with obstructive jaundice(OJ).Methods A total of 60 adult Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were divided into two groups: OJ rats by ligating bile duct(OJ group,n= 40) and the sham-operation rats(the control group,n=20).The two groups of rats were sacrificed at postoperative 1,2,3 and 4 week,respectively.Then serum BUN and Cr levels were tested and renal histopathological and ultrastructural changes were observed.Apoptosis of renal tissues was assayed by TUNEL method.The immunohistochemical Elivision~(TM) technique was adopted for detecting the Bcl-2 and Bax protein expression.Results With the time of OJ prolonging,the value of serum BUN and Cr increased;apoptotic cells of renal tubular epithelia increased.There were obvious differences in Bcl-2 and Bax protein expression of between OJ and control groups(P

Objective To investigate the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen combined with donepezil in the treat-ment of patients with vascular dementia(VD). Methods Sixty-four patients with VD were randomly divided into a control group(donepezil group,n=32)and a treatment group(hyperbaric oxygen combined with donepezil,n=32).The course of treatment was 12 weeks.All patients were tested using the Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE)and Hasegawa's dementia scale(HDS)before and after treatment. Results After 12 weeks of treatment,the MMSE scores and HDS scores of patients increased significantly in both the control and treatment groups.There were signifi-cant differences between the control and treatment groups in terms of MMSE and HDS scores.Conclusion Hyperbar-ic oxygen combined with donepezil could significantly improve cognition in VD patients.

Objective To investigate effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy on C-reactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels in patients with moderate or severe traumatic brain injury (TBI)and to analyze its therapeutic efficacy. Methods One hundred and eight patients with moderate or severe TBI were randomly divided into a control group (54 cases) and an HBO adjunctive therapy group (HBO group, 54 cases).Both groups received essential neurosurgical treatment and conventional drug treatment, and the HBO group was given one session of HBO therapy in addition. Serum CRP and TNF-α were detected, and the scores on the Glasgow coma scale (GCS) were measured before and after treatment. CRP was detected by turbidimetric immunoassay and TNF-α using ELISA. Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) scores were evaluated in a follow-up 6 months after injury. Results Average CRP, TNF-α and GCS measurements showed no statistically significant difference between the groups before treatment. After treatment, CRP and TNF-α were significantly lower and GCS scores significantly better in both groups, but patients in the HBO group were, on average, significantly better than the controls on all three measures.Six months later, GOS evaluation gave a significantly larger number of patients with a better prognosis in the HBO group compared with the controls. Conclusion HBO therapy can significantly decrease serum CRP and TNF-α after severe TBI, thus enhancing therapeutic efficacy.

Objective To examine the influence of LEV adjunctive treatment on cognitive function and life quality in RE school-age children. Methods Fifty-five cases of RE children were selected from our hospital from June 2013 to December 2015. Based on original treatment all children were added with LEV treatment for 16 weeks. The initial dose was 8~10 mg/(kg·d),and gradually increased to 50 mg/(kg·d). maintenance dose was 30 mg/(kg·d). Adverse drug reac?tions were recorded and clinical efficacies were determined after treatment. Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children re?vised in China (WISC-CR) and quality of life in children with epilepsy (QOLCE) was used to evaluate children's cogni?tive function and children's life quality, respectvely. Results Average epilepsy attack frequencies after treatment (3.8± 1.3 vs. 6.6±2.3) times/month decreased significantly compared with before treatment (P<0.05). Clinical control ratio, ex?cellent ratio, effective ratio and ineffective ratio after treatment were 9.1%, 36.4%, 43.6%, 36.4%respectively and total effective ratio was 89.1%. The arithmetic score (10.9 ± 2.6 vs. 9.2 ± 2.1) and mapping score (15.1 ± 3.9 vs. 13.8 ± 3.3) in WISC- CR evaluation increased significantly (P<0.05). Life quality score (65.7 ± 5.7 vs. 62.8 ± 4.9) , cognitive function score (60.0 ± 5.7 vs. 57.4 ± 6.2) and social function score (65.0 ± 6.3 vs. 62.5 ± 5.5) after treatment in QOLCE evaluation in?creased significantly (P<0.05). During medication, the incidences of dizziness, fatigue, lethargy, irritability, euphoria and transient aminotransferase elevation were 12.7%, 9.1%, 20.0%, 9.1%, 3.6%and 3.6%respectively. Sixteen week medica?tion retention rate was 96.4%. Conclusion LEV adjunctive treatment can significantly reduce epilepsy attacks and im?prove cognitive function and life quality in RE children, but attention should be paid to LEV's influence on mental behavior.

Ampicillin sodium was embeded in ethylcellulose (EC) nanospheres made of low-molecular-weight EC. Low-molecular-weight EC was attained with ethylcellulose being degraded by 34% (w/w) nitric acid; Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, 13C-NMR, element analysis confirmed that the basic structure and major properties of low-molecular-weight EC maintained agreement with those of undegraded EC except that the polymerization degree of EC decreased. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction demonstrated that the crystallinity of degraded EC decreased. Ampicillin sodium loaded EC nanospheres were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, FTIR and in vitro drug release. Molecular weight of EC would affect the size of nanospheres, distribution and drug encapsulation efficiency. Drug loaded nanospheres resulted in the drug control release in 3-10 hours.
Ampicillin ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Cellulose ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; chemical synthesis ; Nanospheres ; Nanotechnology ; methods ; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ; X-Ray Diffraction

Aim To investigate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of silibinin in Chinese healthy volunteers.Methods Nine Chinese male healthy volunteers were divided into receiving orally a single dose of silibinin capsule corresponded 70,140 and 280 mg of silibinin,respectively,in Latin square design study.After administration of silibinin capsule,the plasma concentrations were determined by HPLC with UV detection.The pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed by Topfit 2.0 program.Results The linearity of this method was found to be from 3.125 to 10 000 μg·L~(-1) with a lower limit of quantitation(LLOQ) of 3.125 μg·L~(-1) for silibinin.The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated as the follows:at the three different dosages(70,140 and 280 mg),T_(1/2) was 2.44,2.38 and 2.47 h;C_(max) was 1135.6,2841.1 and 3946.9 μg·L~(-1);T_(max) was 1.35,1.26 and 1.39 h;AUC_(0-11 h) was 1287.2,3337.8 and 5398.5 μg·h·L~(-1);AUC_(0-∞)was 1300.7,3377.1 and 5453.9 μg·h·L~(-1);CL/F was 1062.1,824.7 and 943.2 ml·min~(-1);And V_d was 219.9,167.1 and 212.0 L,respectively.Conclusions The developed method is shown to be sensitive,accurate and simple,and can satisfy the requirement of pharmacokinetic study of silibinin in human.The C_(max),AUC_(0-11 h) and AUC_(0-∞) of silibinin in Chinese healthy volunteers(in ranges of 40～120 mg)are fitted with non-linear kinetic model,while there are no significant differences in T_(1/2) at the three different dosages.