Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; Radiation Tolerance ; Radiotherapy

Objective To evaluate the preventive effect of auricular therapy in schizophrenia pa-tients with constipation. Methods 200 psychotic inpatients with anti-psychotic medication were random-ly divided into the intervention group and the control group with 100 cases in each group. The intervention group received conventional therapy combined with auricular therapy while the control group adopted only conventional therapy. The incidence of constipation was observed in the two groups. Results The rate of constipation was 11.34% and 36.73% in the intervention group and the control group, respectively. Auricu-lar therapy showed various effect in constipation caused by different drugs, especially for constipation caused by clozapine, chlorpromazine and pentiapine. Conclusions Auricular therapy showed good effect in preventing constipation induced by antipsychotic drags with less pain and adverse effect, easy and safe to operate, besides, it can improve the medication compliance of patients and promote their rehabilitation.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the metabolic changes on proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H-MRS) in patients with first left basal ganglia infarction and their relationship with depression.

METHODSTwenty-two patients with first left basal ganglia infarction and 10 matched healthy controls were recruited in the study. Patients and controls underwent (1)H MRS scan and the spectrum of N-acetyl aspartic acid (NAA), choline (Cho) and creatinine (Cr) was recorded at the first week (D7) and 1 month after onset (M1), respectively. National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), Ability of daily life (ADL), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) were evaluated at D7, M1 and M6 after onset. The patients were classified into two groups: post-stroke depression (PSD) and non-post-stroke depression (NPSD) according to the result of HAMD.The differences of (1)H-MRS between these two groups were compared and their relationship with NIHSS and ADL was analyzed.

RESULTSAmong 22 patients 10 were diagnosed as PSD and 12 were NPSD. Compared to controls, NAA/Cr was significantly lower and Cho/Cr was significantly higher (P <0.05)in left prefrontal white matter and left basal ganglia in patients with infarct. Patients with PSD showed a lower NAA/Cr and higher Cho/Cr than NPSD patients (P <0.05). At M1 after onset, NAA/Cr in the left prefrontal white matter was significantly correlated with NIHSS (r=-0.551, P =0.032), while Cho/Cr was correlated with ADL (r=0.682, P=0.005)in PSD patients.

CONCLUSIONMetabolic changes shown on (1)H-MRS in patients with basal ganglia infarction may predict the occurrence of PSD.

Adult ; Basal Ganglia ; pathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Cerebral Infarction ; complications ; Depression ; diagnosis ; etiology ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Protons

OBJECTIVE: To study the methods of the surgical treatment for the nasal septum mass. METHOD: Two hundred and fifty-three cases of nasal septum mass were treated by surgery in our department from March 1983 to August 2007. Their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. RESULT: After follow-up, most cases had no postoperative recurrence of nasal obstruction and epistaxis. CONCLUSION If the diagnosis was confirmed, the effect of the surgical treatment for the nasal septum benign tumor is satisfactory. Follow-up should be done in cases with malignant tendency and malignant tumors.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Septum ; pathology ; Nose Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical features, therapeutic methods and therapeutic efficacy of imflammatory myofibroblastic tumor(IMT)of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. METHOD: Clinical data of 14 cases diagnosed as IMT by pathology were retrospectively analyzed. There were 8 males and 6 females,age ranging from 18 to 77 years. 12 cases of them were treated by surgery while 2 cases received postoperative radiotherapy. RESULT: All cases were operated. All the patients were followed up for a period of 1 to 7 years after operation and two cases were proved low grade IMT pathologically. Eight cases survived with no recurrence until the last follow-up and 6 cases relapsed, of which 4 cases died and 2 were alive with tumor. CONCLUSION IMT of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses is very rare. The diagonosis of IMT is based on pathology and immunohistochemistry. Proper diagnosis is essential to avoid mutilating and disfiguring surgical procedures. Radical excision is still the first choice of treatment for IMT of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy may not be helpful to prevent recurrence after operation. Due to high recurrence rate, long-term follow up is necessary after operation.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Cavity ; pathology ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue ; pathology ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms ; pathology ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Paranasal Sinuses ; pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinicopathological features, therapeutic methods and therapeutic effects of neuroendocrine carcinoma in nasal and laryngeal region. METHOD: Six cases with neuroendocrine carcinoma of the nose and the larynx were analyzed retrospectively. All cases were proved by pathology and immunohistochemistry. One case was treated by only radiotherapy, and five cases by combined treatment (surgery followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy). RESULT: All the patients were followed up for a period of 11-84 months. Two cases showed recurrence after operation. Three cases occurred cervical lymph node metastasis, of which 2 cases received neck dissection and 1 case received chemotherapy and radiotherapy due to no surgical indications. Three cases occurred local recurrence, cervical lymphadenopathy, liver or lung metastases. Until the last follow up, four patients died of tumor, while two patients lived with no evidence of disease. CONCLUSION Nasal and laryngeal neuroendocrine carcinoma is composed of a group of different morphology and prognosis lesions. Corrent diagnosis depends on clinical characteristic, electron microscopic and immunohistochemical examination. CT and MRI examination could be helpful to understand the extent of disease and lesion nature. The prognosis and treatment method of neuroendocrine carcinoma were vary with different pathological types. Combined treatment based on surgery should be adopted to the disease.
Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine ; Female ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nose Neoplasms ; Retrospective Studies

The laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD) is a general term for a series of symptoms and signs caused by reflux of the stomach contents to the upper part of the esophageal sphincter. In recent years, the laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is getting more and more attention as laryngeal precancerous lesions and risk factors of laryngeal cancer. Laryngeal precancerous lesions plays a important role in the development of laryngeal cancer process. This article will review the role and mechanisms of LPR in the laryngeal precancerous lesions, and the status of anti-reflux in the treatment of laryngeal precancerous lesions.

Parapharyngeal space tumors are rare. According to the size, location, relationship with the vascular nerves, benign and malignant tumors, different surgical approaches are used. This article reviews surgical techniques, indications, complications and current advantages and disadvantages of transoral robotic surgery (TORS) for resection of parapharyngeal space tumors. To provide reference for the application of TORS in parapharyngeal space tumor surgery.

OBJECTIVE：To study the effects of Plantago asiatica polysaccharide on the proliferation ，migration and invasion of breast cancer cells ，and to investigate its mechanism preliminarily. METHODS ：Using human breast cancer cell MDA-MB- 231 as subjects ，MTT method was adopted to detect the effects of different concentrations of P. asiatica polysaccharide（8，16，32，64 mg/L）on the cell proliferation ability ，and survival rate of the cells was calculated. Scratch test and Transwell invasion test were used to detect the effects of different concentrations of P. asiatica polysaccharide（8，16 mg/L）on cell migration ability and invasion ability. Western blot assay was used to detect the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition （EMT）-related proteins [matrix metalloproteinase- 2（MMP-2），MMP-9，E-cadherin，N-cadherin，vimentin]. RESULTS ：Results of MTT assay showed that survival rate of the cells in 32，64 mg/L P. asiatica polysaccharide groups were significantly lower than control group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01），so that 8，16 mg/L，which did not affect the cell survival rate ，were used as the follow-up drug concentrations. Compared with control group ，relative mobility （12，24 h），relative invasion rate and relative expression of MMP- 2，MMP-9， N-cadherin and vimentin protein were decreased significantly in 8，16 mg/L P. asiatica polysaccharide groups （P＜0.05 or P＜ 0.01），while relative expression of E-cadherin protein was increased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS ：P. asiatica polysaccharide can inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer cells MDA-MB- 231，and inhibit the migration and invasion of the cells by regulating the expression of metastasis and EMT-related proteins.