1.Production and accumulation of xylooligosaccharides with long chains by growing culture and xylanase of a mutant strain of Bacillus pumilus X-6-19.
Qingzhu YUAN ; Tsuyoshi ADACHI ; Shinji TAKENAKA ; Shuichiro MURAKAMI ; Machiko TANAKA ; Kenji AOKI
Chinese Journal of Biotechnology 2008;24(7):1221-1227
Bacillus pumilus X-6-9 isolated from soil and subsequently identified, produced xylooligosaccharides with long chains from xylan and accumulated them in the culture. By improving the culture conditions and mutating the bacterium, a 3.2-fold increase in the production of the xylooligosaccharides was established, when compared to the original culture conditions of B. pumilus X-6-19. The addition of D-glucose to the culture of the mutant strain U-3 of B. pumilus X-6-9 repressed the synthesis of beta-xylosidase, but not xylanase. Thus, it was revealed that strain U-3 was a good organism for the production and accumulation of xylooligosaccharides with long chains from xylan by a microbial culture. Xylanase produced by strain U-3 was purified to homogeneity and characterized. The hydrolyzates generated by the purified xylanase contained xylobiose, xylotriose, xylotetraose, and xylopentaose, but not xylose.
Bacillus
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genetics
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metabolism
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Culture Techniques
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methods
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Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases
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biosynthesis
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genetics
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metabolism
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Glucose
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pharmacology
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Mutation
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Oligosaccharides
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biosynthesis
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chemistry
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genetics
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Recombinant Proteins
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biosynthesis
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genetics
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metabolism
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Soil Microbiology
2.Combination Therapy with Rituximab and Temozolomide for Recurrent and Refractory Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma.
Mineko MURAKAMI ; Takamitsu FUJIMAKI ; Shuichiro ASANO ; Hiroshi NAKAGUCHI ; Shoko M YAMADA ; Katsumi HOYA ; Kazuto YAMAZAKI ; Yasuo ISHIDA ; Akira MATSUNO
Yonsei Medical Journal 2011;52(6):1031-1034
High-dose methotrexate-based chemotherapy has extended survival in patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). However, although salvage treatment is necessary in recurrent and refractory PCNSL, this has not been standardized. We herein describe the efficacy of a combination of rituximab and temozolomide (TMZ) in two consecutive patients with recurrent and refractory PCNSL. Based on the immunohistochemical study, case 1 had a non-germinal center B-cell-like (non-GCB) subtype, was positive for bcl-2 and negative for O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT). Case 2 was GCB subtype, bcl-2-, and MGMT+. Because of the positive expression of MGMT, interferon-beta was additionally given in case 2. Complete responses and partial responses were obtained after the third and fourth cycles of combination therapy, respectively. This was maintained for 12 months, with acceptable toxicity. The combination of rituximab and TMZ was effective in tumors with different immunohistochemical profiles. This combination therapy warrants further study in a larger population.
Aged
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Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/*therapeutic use
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Antineoplastic Agents/*therapeutic use
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Central Nervous System Neoplasms/*drug therapy
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Dacarbazine/*analogs & derivatives/therapeutic use
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Drug Therapy, Combination/*methods
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Humans
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Lymphoma/*drug therapy
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Male
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Middle Aged
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Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/drug therapy