OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of ulinastatin on lung injury in hemorrhagic shock rats.

METHODSTwenty-four normal SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=8), namely the control group, hemorrhagic shock group (group H) and ulinastatin group (group U). In group H and group U, blood was drawn from the femoral artery over a period of 10 min until a mean arterial pressure of 40 mmHg was obtained. Controlled hypotension was then maintained at 40-/+5 mmHg for 60 min by blood drawing or infusion when necessary. All the blood drawn and an equivalent volume of Ringer lactate solution were subsequently infused for resuscitation. Four hours after the resuscitation, the activity of superoxidedismutase (SOD), content of malondialdehyde (MDA), expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), wet to dry weight ratio (W/D), and pathologic changes of the lung tissues were measured or observed.

RESULTSCompared with those in the control group, the content of MDA, expression of HO-1 and W/D increased significantly in both group H and group U (P<0.05); these indexes in group U were significantly lower than those in group H (P<0.05). The activity of SOD in group U was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05) but higher than that in group H (P<0.05). Optical microscopy demonstrated milder inflammatory cell infiltration and interstitial edema in the lung tissues in group U than in group H.

CONCLUSIONUlinastatin can lower the content of MDA, W/D and the expression of HO-1, increase the activity of SOD, and reduce histological lung injury in rats with hemorrhagic shock.

Animals ; Glycoproteins ; pharmacology ; Heme Oxygenase-1 ; metabolism ; Lung Injury ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Shock, Hemorrhagic ; complications ; metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

Objective To explore the clinical value of 99Tcm-MIBI G-MPI in patients diagnosed with myocardial bridging(MB) by CTA. Methods Forty-five patients with MB and 17 normal controls diagnosed by CTA(64 slices CT) were included. All patients underwent rest 99Tcm-MIBI G-MPI and 17 MB patients and 9 normal controls also underwent stress 99Tcm-MIBI G-MPI. Myocardial ischemia, function and wall motion were assessed. G-MPI results were compared with CTA results by χ2 test, Fisher exact test and t test. Results In patients with MB, the positive rate of abnormal perfusion by gated stress 99Tcm-MIBI G-MPI was 64.7% (11/17) and 41.2% (7/17) using quantitative analysis and visual evaluation respectively; while the data were 42.2% (19/45) and 22.2% (10/45) by rest G-MPI (P=0.035). The positive rate by rest G-MPI in MB patients was significant different among mural coronary arteries of different depths and different locations. By quantitative analysis of the stress G-MPI, the reversible, fixed, and mixed ischemia patients were 4 (35.3%), 6 (23.5%) and 1 (5.9%) respectively; the reversed, reversible and fixed abnormity of wall motion was found in 4 (23.5%), 4 (23.5%) and 2 (11.8%) patients respectively; the reversed, reversible and fixed wall thickening were found in 6 (35.3%), 5 (29.4%) and 1 (5.9%) patients respectively. There was no significant difference in left ventricular ejection fraction and peak filling rate between MB patients and normal controls in both rest and stress studies (t: from -0.564 to 1.292, all P>0.05). Conclusion The G-MPI may be useful for the evaluation of myocardial ischemia and myocardial function simultaneously in patients with MB.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expressions of matrix metalloprotein-2 (MMP-2) and tissue inhibitor of metallopeptidase inhibitor-1 (TIMP-1) in the renal allografts of patients with chronic active antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR), and explore their role in the pathogenesis of ABMR.

METHODSImmunohistochemistry and computer-assisted image analysis were used to detect the expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-1 in the renal allografts of 46 patients with interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IF/TA), with 15 normal renal tissue specimens as the control. The association of MMP-2 and TIMP-1 with the pathological grade of IF/TA in ABMR was analyzed.

RESULTSThe expressions of MMP-2 and TIMP-1 significantly increased in the renal tissues of the patients as compared with the normal renal tissues (P<0.05). MMP-2 expression tended to decrease, while TIMP-1 and serum creatinine increased with the pathological grades of IF/TA (P<0.05). In IF/TA group, the expression of TIMP-1 was positively correlated to serum creatinine level (r=0.718, P=0.00<0.05).

CONCLUSIONAbnormal expressions of MMP-2 and TIMP-1 can promote the development of renal fibrosis in chronic ABMR.

Adult ; Antibody Formation ; Complement C4b ; metabolism ; Female ; Fibrosis ; etiology ; Graft Rejection ; immunology ; Humans ; Kidney ; metabolism ; Kidney Diseases ; pathology ; Kidney Transplantation ; adverse effects ; immunology ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Peptide Fragments ; metabolism ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 ; genetics ; metabolism

MicroRNA abnormality is closely related to the development of acute leukemia. This study was aimed to investigate the differential expression of miR-143 in bone marrow cells between patients with acute leukemia and normal people. Bone marrow cells from 50 AL patients and 20 normal people were collected respectively and the total RNA was isolated routinely. The quantitative real-time PCR (Q-PCR) method was used to detect the expression levels of miR-143 in these specimens. The results showed that compared with the normal people, the expression of miR-143 in AL patients was significantly decreased (p < 0.05), which significantly increased after complete remission; besides, the expression of miR-143 was negatively correlated with the expression of DNMT3A mRNA, a known target gene of miR-143. It is concluded that the expression of miR-143 in bone marrow cells of AL patients is down-regulated which may be related with the development of acute leukemia.
Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Bone Marrow Cells ; metabolism ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic ; Humans ; Leukemia ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo identify polymorphisms of the serotonin transporter(5-HTT) gene and to find out whether there was relationship between any such polymorphisms and sleep apnea syndrome (SAS).

METHODSFor two polymorphisms of 5-HTT target DNA gene was amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and 6% non-denaturing polyacrylamide gels electrophoresis. The frequencies of the different forms of the genotypes and alleles of 5-HTT gene were analyzed in 104 patients with SAS and 150 healthy controls.

RESULTSThe frequencies of the S or L alleles and the S/S, S/L or L/L genotypes in promoter region of 5-HTT gene in SAS group were not significantly different to those in healthy controls (P > 0.05). However, the frequencies of 10/10, 12/10 genotypes of 5-HTT-VNTR in SAS patients were significantly higher than those in healthy control subjects (P < 0.05). Moreover, the frequency of the allele 10 of 5-HTT-VNTR in SAS patients was significantly higher than that in healthy controls (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe allele 10 of 5-HTT-VNTR might be a susceptible factor in the pathogenesis of SAS.

Adult ; Aged ; Alleles ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Minisatellite Repeats ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; genetics ; Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins ; genetics ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes ; genetics ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the cerebral uptake and regional distribution of propofol when plasma propofol concentration reaches equilibrium in the internal carotid artery and internal jugular vein in dogs.

METHODSEight male hybrid dogs aged 12-18 months weighing 10-12 kg were anesthetized with propofol at a single bolus (7 mg/kg) in 15 s followed by propofol infusion at a constant rate of 70 mg.kg(-1).h(-1) via the great saphenous vein of the right posterior limb. Blood samples were taken from the internal carotid artery and internal jugular vein at 30 min (T30) after propofol infusion for measurement of plasma propofol concentrations by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). The thalamus, epithalamus, metathalamus, hypothalamus, subthalamus, frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, hippocampus, cingulate gyrus, cerebellum, midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata and cervical cord were then dissected to determine propofol concentrations in these tissues by HPLC.

RESULTSThe propofol concentrations in the internal carotid artery and internal jugular vein blood plasma were comparable at T30 (6.16-/+1.02 vs 6.17-/+1.00 microg/ml, P>0.05). The propofol concentration was 6.11-/+1.07 microg/g in the epithalamus, 6.14-/+0.98 microg/g in the metathalamus, 6.12-/+1.02 microg/g in the hypothalamus, 6.15-/+1.00 microg/g in the subthalamus, 6.20-/+1.03 microg/g in the frontal lobe, 6.18-/+1.02 microg/g in the parietal lobe, 6.13-/+1.00 microg/g in the temporal lobe, 6.07-/+0.99 microg/g in the hippocampus, 6.14-/+1.06 microg/g in the cingulate gyrus, 6.15-/+1.00 microg/g in the cerebellum, 6.13-/+1.05 microg/g in the midbrain, 6.18-/+1.01 microg/g in the pons, 6.15-/+0.93 microg/g in the medulla oblongata, and 6.13-/+1.00 microg/g in the cervical cord, showing no significant differences in the distributions (P>0.05). Propofol concentration in the thalamus (8.68-/+0.88 microg/g) was significantly higher than those in the other brain tissues (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSAt the constant intravenous propofol injection rate of 70 mg.kg(-1).h(-1), plasma propofol concentration reaches equilibrium 30 min after the injection in the internal carotid artery and internal jugular vein with even distribution in the cerebral tissues in dogs, but the thalamus contains high propofol concentration.

Absorption ; Anesthetics, Intravenous ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Animals ; Brain ; metabolism ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; metabolism ; Dogs ; Jugular Veins ; metabolism ; Male ; Propofol ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Thalamus ; metabolism

HIV/AIDS patients in high prevalence areas with different routes of infection (sexually transmitted 878 cases, 527 cases of intravenous drug user, paid blood donor 652 cases) were choosen for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome investigation for one-year clinical follow-up. This paper primarily concluded the nature, location and pathogenesis of AIDS diseases. Deficiency of Yang and Yin, combining deficiency of Qi are the basic deficiency syndromes, while stagnation of dampness, toxic fire are the excess syndromes; the disease location of HIV infector is spleen, main syndrome is deficiency of spleen Qi; the disease location of AIDS patient is kidney, main syndrome is deficiency of spleen and kidney Yang. The pathogenic development tendency is from deficiency of Qi to combining stagnation of dampness and toxic fire, finally to deficiency of Qi and Yin, deficiency of Yang.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; HIV Infections ; diagnosis ; etiology ; transmission ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

The incidence of gastrointestinal malignancies is high in the population, and 40%?80% of gastrointestinal tumor patients suffer from malnutrition. The metabolic mechanism of tumor disease itself, and the perioperative stress reaction caused by surgical treatment can further aggravate malnutrition. Therefore, nutritional support should be routinely provided during the perioperative period in tumor patients with nutritional risk or malnutrition. For a long time, immunonutrients such as glutamine, ω-3 fatty acids, arginine and nucleotides have attracted much attention in the treatment of perioperative tumor patients. Most studies have shown that perioperative immunonutrition therapy not only improve nutritional deficiency and correct malnutrition, but also maintain immune function, reduce inflammation and maintain intestinal barrier integrity, to reduce postopera-tive complications and short postoperative duration of hospital stay. However, with the extensive clinical application and in-depth study of immunonutrition in recent years, there are still many doubts and controversies about its application in the perioperative gastrointestinal malignancies. The authors review the pharmacological mechanism and clinical application of perioperative immunonutrients, perioperative combined application of immunonutrients, and application timing and approach of immunonutrition in patients with gastrointestinal malignancies, so as to provide some clues for its subsequent clinical application.

Objective: Compare and analyze the results of the domestic Lanyi AH600 glycated hemoglobin analyzer and other different detection systems to understand the comparability of the detection results of different detectors, and establish the best cut point of Lanyi AH600 determination of haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in the diagnosis of diabetes. Methods: Multi center cohort study was adopted. The clinical laboratory departments of 18 medical institutions independently collected test samples from their respective hospitals from March to April 2022, and independently completed comparative analysis of the evaluated instrument (Lanyi AH600) and the reference instrument HbA1c. The reference instruments include four different brands of glycosylated hemoglobin meters, including Arkray, Bio-Rad, DOSOH, and Huizhong. Scatter plot was used to calculate the correlation between the results of different detection systems, and the regression equation was calculated. The consistency analysis between the results of different detection systems was evaluated by Bland Altman method. Consistency judgment principles: (1) When the 95% limits of agreement (95% LoA) of the measurement difference was within 0.4% HbA1c and the measurement score was≥80 points, the comparison consistency was good; (2) When the measurement difference of 95% LoA exceeded 0.4% HbA1c, and the measurement score was≥80 points, the comparison consistency was relatively good; (3) The measurement score was less than 80 points, the comparison consistency was poor. The difference between the results of different detection systems was tested by paired sample T test or Wilcoxon paired sign rank sum test; The best cut-off point of diabetes was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Results: The correlation coefficient R² of results between Lanyi AH600 and the reference instrument in 16 hospitals is≥0.99; The Bland Altman consistency analysis showed that the difference of 95% LoA in Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital in Jiangsu Province (reference instrument: Arkray HA8180) was -0.486%-0.325%, and the measurement score was 94.6 points (473/500); The difference of 95% LoA in the Tibetan Traditional Medical Hospital of TAR (reference instrument: Bio-Rad Variant II) was -0.727%-0.612%, and the measurement score was 89.8 points; The difference of 95% LoA in the People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area (reference instrument: Huizhong MQ-2000PT) was -0.231%-0.461%, and the measurement score was 96.6 points; The difference of 95% LoA in the Taihe Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine in Anhui Province (reference instrument: Huizhong MQ-2000PT) was -0.469%-0.479%, and the measurement score was 91.9 points. The other 14 hospitals, Lanyi AH600, were compared with 4 reference instrument brands, the difference of 95% LoA was less than 0.4% HbA1c, and the scores were all greater than 95 points. The results of paired sample T test or Wilcoxon paired sign rank sum test showed that there was no statistically significant difference between Lanyi AH600 and the reference instrument Arkray HA8180 (Z=1.665,P=0.096), with no statistical difference. The mean difference between the measured values of the two instruments was 0.004%. The comparison data of Lanyi AH600 and the reference instrument of all other institutions had significant differences (all P<0.001), however, it was necessary to consider whether it was within the clinical acceptable range in combination with the results of the Bland-Altman consistency analysis. The ROC curve of HbA1c detected by Lanyi AH600 in 985 patients with diabetes and 3 423 patients with non-diabetes was analyzed, the area under curve (AUC) was 0.877, the standard error was 0.007, and the 95% confidence interval 95%CI was (0.864, 0.891), which was statistically significant (P<0.001). The maximum value of Youden index was 0.634, and the corresponding HbA1c cut point was 6.235%. The sensitivity and specificity of diabetes diagnosis were 76.2% and 87.2%, respectively. Conclusion: Among the hospitals and instruments currently included in this study, among these four hospitals included Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital in Jiangsu Province (reference instrument: Arkray HA8180), Tibetan Traditional Medical Hospital of TAR (reference instrument: Bio-Rad Variant Ⅱ), the People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area (reference instrument: Huizhong MQ-2000PT), and the Taihe Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine in Anhui Province (reference instrument: Huizhong MQ-2000PT), the comparison between Lanyi AH600 and the reference instruments showed relatively good consistency, while the other 14 hospitals involved four different brands of reference instruments: Arkray, Bio-Rad, DOSOH, and Huizhong, Lanyi AH600 had good consistency with its comparison. The best cut point of the domestic Lanyi AH600 for detecting HbA1c in the diagnosis of diabetes is 6.235%.
Pregnancy ; Child ; Humans ; Female ; Glycated Hemoglobin ; Cohort Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus/diagnosis* ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; ROC Curve