Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Glucose Transporter Type 1 ; metabolism ; Glucose Transporter Type 3 ; metabolism ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objective: To evaluate the service competence of 99 smoking cessation clinics in Zhejiang Province, so as to provide reference for the improvement. Methods: The questionnaire, prepared by Tobacco Control Office of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, was used to investigate all the smoking cessation clinics in Zhejiang Province, to score the basic and developmental indicators, and to assess the qualified rates ( basic indicators >50 points and total scores >60 points ). Results: There were 99 smoking cessation clinics, with 52 in secondary hospitals and 47 in tertiary hospitals. The overall assessment scored from 11 to 96 points, with an average of ( 53.99±16.56 ) points. The smoking cessation clinics in secondary and tertiary hospitals scored ( 53.92±15.88 ) points and ( 54.06±17.45 ) points. The scores of basic and developmental indicators were ( 45.66±12.16 ) points and ( 8.33±5.39 ) points, with the scoring rates of 65.23% and 27.77%. The overall assessment of 43 smoking cessation clinics were qualified and the rate was 43.43%, which was 44.23% in secondary hospitals and 42.55% in tertiary hospitals. Conclusion The qualified rate of smoking cessation clinics in Zhejiang Province was 43.43%, which was similar between second hospitals and tertiary hospitals.

Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in the reproductive system of older males. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is an important treatment for prostate cancer patients. However, almost all prostate cancer patients unavoidably progress to the castration-resistant stage after ADT treatment. Recent studies have shown that tumor-associated immune cells play major roles in the initiation, progression, and metastasis of prostate cancer. Various phenotypes of tumor-associated immune cells have tumor-promoting or antitumor functions mediated by interacting with tumor cells. Here, we review the current knowledge of tumorassociated immune cells in prostate cancer.

Objective To investigate symptom characteristics and their their prevalence in terminally ill patients with ovarian carcinoma.Methods A retrospective study was carried out based on clinical data of 98 terminally ill patients with ovarian carcinoma who died in our hospital during January 1995 to December 2004.Fifteen most common symptoms were analyzed with a focus on the followings:symptom incidence,survival time after symptom occurrence,regularity of symptom cluster,and common causes of death.Fifteen symptoms were:pain,cachexia,pleural effusion and ascites,dyspnea,fever,intestinal obstruction,renal failure,bone marrow depression,lung infection,hemorrhage,deep venous thrombosis (DVT),intestinal or pancreatic fistula,mycotic infection,jaundice and emergency conditions.Results (1)The most prevalent symptom was pleural effusion and ascites(63%),followed by pain(60%), cachexia(59%),dyspnea(52%)and intestinal obstruction(49 %).(2)The symptom which lasted longest survival time was mycotic infection(77 days),followed by intestinal or pancreatic fistula(75 days), intestinal obstruction(67 days),pain(60 days)and eachexia(60 days).Symptoms such as bone marrow depression,renal failure,dyspnea and emergency conditions were comparatively critical associated with shorter survival times(14,13,12,7 days,respectively).(3)Terminal symptoms occurred typically in clusters,with 4.9?1.5 symptoms per case.Of 98 cases,84 cases(86%)had 4 or more symptoms,with the median survival time of 63 days from the last day of anti-cancer therapy,and a slow death process.The remaining 14 cases(14%)with 3 or fewer symptoms survived only 25 days,of which 10 cases(71%)died of emergency diseases.The survival time for two groups was significantly different(P

Objective To understand the self-assessment of health status,health effects,active awareness of weight control and behavior of urban occupational populations with different body mass index (BMI ).Methods With random cluster sampling survey in two monitoring areas,1 175 cases aged 18 to 45 were selected,consisted of public servants, enterprise administrators and institution personnel groups.Results In the urban occupational populations in Hangzhou City,the overweight rate was 21.70%,and the obesity rate was 6.04%.The awareness rate of underweight,normal weight,overweight and obesity crowd for health effects to the body was 98.95%,98.81%,96.08% and 95.77%respectively;and for mental health effects was 90.53%,92.44%,83.92% and 81.69% respectively;and for weight control confidence was 82.11%,79.18%,72.94%and 50.70%respectively.The awareness rate decreased with increased body weigh with significant difference (P<0.05 ).There was no significance differences in weight control behaviors and accumulation of weight control behaviors (P >0.05 ).Conclusion There was significantly difference in people with different BMI about the awareness of overweight obesity impact on personal health and weight control activity,but there was no difference in that of weight control behaviors.

Objective To discuss the value and experience of the percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP)in the treatment of vertebral body compression fracture(VCF)in aged osteoperosis.Methods PVP was performed in 44 cases with VCF including 28 with single vertebral compressed fracture,12 with double compressed fracture and four with triple compressed fracture,with 67 vertebrae,for clinical and radiologieal evaluation.Results The mean follow-up was 15 months(4-23 months).There could be seen immediate relief of pain in 40 cases,out-of-bed activities at operation day in 19 and out-of-bed activ- ities at second day after operation in 25.Postoperative X-ray showed uniformly distributed bone cement in the vertebral,without leakage.Conclusion PVP is a recommendable method for VCF,for it has ad- vantages of pain relief,vertebrae stabilization,minimal invasion and minor complications.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of early rehabilitation on patients with closed traumatic brain injury (TBI).Methods80 TBI patients were divided into rehabilitation group and control group with 40 cases in each group. The control group was treated with routine surgical and other treatments. The rehabilitation group was treated with limb exercise and daily living training, besides treatments mentioned above. The scores of degrees of neural damage, Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), modified Barthel index (MBI) and disability rating scale, and complications within 3 months of two groups were compared.ResultsThe scores of degree of neural damage, FMA, MBI and disability rating scale, and rate of complication of the rehabilitation group were significantly different from that of the control group (P<0.05～0.01).ConclusionEarly rehabilitation can improve brain function and reduce complication incidence of TBI patients.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the chemical constituents of Ligularia xanthotricha.

METHODSilica gel column chromatography and preparative TLC were employed for the isolation and purification. The structures were identified on the basis of spectral data (IR, EI-MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, DEPT) and chemical evidence.

RESULTSeven compounds were isolated and identified as follows: lupeol (1), lupeol palmitate (2), 3, 28-dihydroxyl-lupeol (3), betulinic acid (4), taraxasterol (5), taraxasteryl palmitat (6) and taraxasteryl acetate(7).

CONCLUSIONAll the compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Asteraceae ; chemistry ; Chromatography, Gel ; Chromatography, Thin Layer ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Molecular Structure ; Pentacyclic Triterpenes ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Sterols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Triterpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

Objective To learn the smoke-free environment and smoking status at or below county-level governments of Zhejiang Province, and to promote a smoke-free government.Methods By multi-stage random sampling method, 4 cities were selected in Zhejiang Province, then 4 counties were selected in 4 cities, finally12 governments were selected in 4 counties.With the methods of field observation,interview and questionnaire survey,smoke-free environment and smoking behavior , tobacco related knowledge of civil servants were investigated.Results A total of 12 governments and 405 civil servants were investigated.The smoke-free environment of 12 governments were relatively well.The total smoking rate of civil servants was 17.78%, and the highest was 26.67% in Jiande City, and the lowest were 9.00% in Zhuji City.For the civil servants ,male(26.62%), aged 50-(40.74%),divorced or widowed(40.00%),graduation of technical secondary school (33.33%),cadre of section rank(57.14%),above 20 years' work(28.81%),smoking anywhere at home(50.00%), smoking in certain areas at work(22.95%)were significantly higher.The rate of cognition on the hazards of smoking was lower among the smokers than that of non-smokers (P<0.05).The rate of agreement on MPOWER tobacco control strategies and smoking bans in public places were lower among the smokers than that of non-smokers (P<0.05).Non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that age of 30-39(OR=9.87,95%CI:1.45-67.29),50-(OR=9.87,95%CI:1.45-67.29), smoking anywhere at home(OR=12.28,95%CI:2.95-51.18),and smoking in certain areas at home(OR=6.57,95%CI:3.07-14.08) may be the risk factors about smoking behavior.Conclusion The situation of smoking control at or below county-level governments in Zhejiang Province was good, and smoking rates has declined.But tobacco related knowledge and behavior of civil servants were relatively insufficient.Aiming at the problems found in the investigation, it is necessary to strengthen education on smoking control among civil servants, and to promote a smoke-free government.

OBJECTIVETo provide anatomical data for transoral atlantoaxial reduction plate internal fixation.

METHODMicrosurgical dissecting was performed on 10 fresh craniocervical specimens layer by layer according to transoral approach. Stratification of posterior pharyngeal wall, course of vertebral artery, adjacent relationships of atlas and axis and correlative anatomical parameters of internal fixation to atlantoaxial joint were observed.

RESULT(1) Posterior pharyngeal wall consisted of 2 layers and 2 interspace: mucosa, anterior fascia of vertebrae, posterior interspace of pharynx and anterior interspace of vertebrae. (2) The range from anterior rim of foramen magnum to C3 could be exposed by this approach. (3) The distance between the vertebral artery at atlas and midline was (25.2 +/- 2.3) mm and that between the vertebral artery at axis and midline was (18.4 +/- 2.6) mm. (4) The width of atlas and that of axis could be exposed respectively to (39.4 +/- 2.2) mm and (39.0 +/- 2.1) mm. The distance (a) between 2 atlas screw inserting points (center of anterior aspect of C-1 lateral mass) was (31.4 +/- 3.3) mm. The vertical distance (b) between the connecting line of 2 atlas screw inserting points and that of 2 axis screw inserting points (at the central part of the vertebrae which was 3 - 4 mm lateral to the midline of C-2 vertebrae) was (18.7 +/- 2.7) mm. The odds of a/b was 1.5 approximately 1.7.

CONCLUSIONSAnterior atlantoaxial plate internal fixation through transoral approach is suitable and feasible. The design of the plate should be based on the above data.

Atlanto-Occipital Joint ; anatomy & histology ; surgery ; Bone Plates ; Cervical Vertebrae ; anatomy & histology ; surgery ; Equipment Design ; Humans ; Microsurgery ; Oropharynx ; anatomy & histology ; Spinal Fusion ; instrumentation ; methods