1.Risk factors of ISUP Modified Gleason score upgrading after radical prostatectomy.
Xiao-dong LI ; Gen-yi QU ; Ning XU ; Xue-yi XUE ; Yong WEI ; Qing-shui ZHENG ; Jun-feng LI ; Hai CAI ; Yun-zhi LIN
National Journal of Andrology 2016;22(5):415-419
OBJECTIVETo investigate the factors upgrading the International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) Gleason score using the specimens from preoperative prostatic biopsy and radical prostatectomy.
METHODSA total of 164 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer by biopsy underwent radical prostatectomy. We retrospectively analyzed their age, prostate volume, preoperative PSA level, PSA density (PSAD) , the time interval between biopsy and surgery, the number of positive punctures, positive surgical margin, seminal vesicle invasion, lymphatic invasion, and Gleason scores from biopsy and prostatectomy. We also determined the predictors of Gleason score upgrading by logistic regression analysis.
RESULTSOf the 164 cases analyzed, 95 (57.93% ) showed a consistency between the Gleason score of preoperative prostatic biopsy and that after radical prostatectomy, 55 (33.54% ) increased and 14 (8.52%) decreased after prostatectomy as compared with preoperative biopsy. The prostate volume (P < 0.01) and biopsy score (P < 0.05) were independent predictors of Gleason score upgrading. The risk of Gleason score upgrading was 27 times higher in the patients with the prostate volume ≤ 25 ml and 9 times higher in the 25-40 ml group than in the > 60 ml group (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONLow Gleason score of biopsy (≤ 6) and small prostate volume (≤ 40 ml) may be the predictors of Gleason score upgrading after radical prostatectomy.
Biopsy ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasm Grading ; Organ Size ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; blood ; Prostatectomy ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; classification ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors
2.Effect and Mechanism of Shenlian Formula in Treatment of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Based on Network Pharmacology
Shui-qing QU ; Li-na CHEN ; Ting YANG ; Yuan-min YANG ; Zhong-yuan ZHENG ; Hui LIU ; Hong-hua CUI ; Ya-jie WANG ; Xiao-xin ZHU ; Yu-jie LI ; Yong-qin YIN
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2021;27(2):161-171
Objective:To analyze active components, its targets and signaling pathways of Shenlian formula based on network pharmacology, and explore the molecular mechanism of Shenlian formula in the treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), in order to provide a basis for the rational interpretation of the prescription compatibility of Shenlian formula. Method:Major chemical compounds of the formula were obtained by SymMap and Systematic pharmacology database and analysis platform of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCMSP), its target proteins were obtained by SymMap and ETCM Databases, and the pathogenic genes responsible for of ASCVD were obtained by DisGeNET and GEO Datebases. Protein targets of drugs and pathogenic genes of diseases were overlapped to obtain predicted targets of Shenlian Formula for ASCVD. Proteins-proteins interactions (PPI) network was built through the String Datebase. The Cytoscape 3.6.0 was used to explore the key compounds and targets of Shenlian formula on ASCVD. Then gene ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) signaling pathway were analyzed to screen out the key targets of Shenlian Formula. Rat I/R model was adopted as representative disease model of ASCVD for experimental verification. Result:There were 59 candidate compounds, 67 predicted targets and 29 key targets of Shenlian formula on ASCVD. Key targets mainly included cyclooxygenase 2 (PTGS2), estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) and TP53. GO analysis showed that the biological functions of potential genes of Shenlian formula in treatment of ASCVD were mainly related to apoptotic, nitric oxide biosynthetic process, response to estradiol, angiogenesis, inflammatory response and oxidative stress and acute-phase response. KEGG pathway enrichment results showed that the pathways of potential genes of Shenlian formula in treatment of ASCVD mainly involved TNF signaling pathway, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/ protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway, hypoxia induction factor-1 (HIF-1) signaling pathway and apoptosis. Among them, the regulatory effect of Shenlian formula on apoptosis may act on not only TP53, but also different signaling pathways of apoptosis respectively, thus playing a synergistic effect.
3.Mechanism of Shengmaiyin (Dangshen Prescription) in Treatment of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Based on Network Pharmacology
Ting YANG ; Li-na CHEN ; Shui-qing QU ; Yuan-min YANG ; Ya-jie WANG ; Zhong-Yuan ZHENG ; Hui LIU ; Xiao-jun ZHENG ; Yu-jie LI
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2020;26(17):151-161
Objective:By means of network pharmacology, the active ingredients, targets and molecular pathways of Shengmaiyin (Dangshen prescription) in the treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) were studied, in order to reveal the molecular mechanism of Shengmaiyin (Dangshen prescription) in the treatment of ASCVD, and provide the rational explanation of the compatibility of the combination. Method:The main chemical components of Shengmaiyin (Dangshen prescription) were obtained by means of SymMap database, traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform(TCMSP)platform and BATMAN-TCM platform. Compound targets were retrieved by SymMap and the Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine (ETCM), and disease targets were retrieved by DisGeNET and GeneCards databases. The intersections of compound targets and disease targets were used to obtain the predicted targets of song-decoction on ASCVD. The Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network diagram was constructed through STRING database, and key compounds and targets of Shengmaiyin (Dangshen prescription) acting on ASCVD were obtained through Cytoscape. Finally, the enriched key targets were put for Gene Ontology (GO) biological process analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis through the Database for Annotation,Visualization and Integrated Discovery(DAVID). Result:There were 33 key compounds and 25 key targets of Shengmaiyin (Dangshen prescription) for ASCVD. The GO analysis showed that the biological functions of Shengmaiyin (Dangshen prescription) in the treatment of key ASCVD targets mainly involved biological processes, such as the regulation of apoptosis, inflammatory response, regulation of nitric oxide synthesis and regulation of insulin secretion. The KEGG pathway was mainly enriched in 20 signaling pathways, including tumor necrosis factor(TNF) signaling pathway, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway, apoptosis signaling pathway and estrogen signaling pathway. Conclusion:Through network pharmacology, this study explored active ingredients and potential targets of Shengmaiyin (Dangshen prescription) in the treatment of ASCVD at the molecular level, preliminarily verified the mechanism of action of Shengmaiyin (Dangshen prescription), and laid a theoretical foundation for further study on the mechanism of action.
4.Effect Analysis of Artemisiae Annuae Herba and Chuanxiong Rhizoma in Treatment of Cerebral Malaria Based on Network Pharmacology
Hui LIU ; Li-na CHEN ; Zhong-yuan ZHENG ; Xi WANG ; Ting YANG ; Shui-qing QU ; Yuan-min YANG ; Lei CHEN ; Yu-jie LI ; Hong-hua CUI
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2021;27(6):159-168
Objective:To explore the reasonable combination of Artemisiae Annuae Herba and Chuanxiong Rhizoma in treatment of cerebral malaria and investigate its mechanism based on network pharmacology. Method:The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform (TCMSP) and SymMap were used to obtain all the chemical components of Artemisiae Annuae Herba and Chuanxiong Rhizoma and the action targets were screened to construct a component target protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Target genes related to cerebral malaria were collected with use of GeneCards and DisGeNET databases. Common targets were screened by overlapping drug targets and disease targets, and protein-protein interaction network analysis was performed to get key targets. Gene ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were carried out to get main signaling pathways. Furthermore, the classical experimental cerebral malaria mouse model was used to detect survival curve, protozoanemia level, survival rate, experimental cerebral malaria (ECM) coma and behavior scores. RayBio® cytokine antibody array was used to detect the expression level of cytokines in tissues and experiment was conducted for verification. Result:After combination of Artemisiae Annuae Herba and Chuanxiong Rhizoma, 23 active ingredients, 179 drug targets, and a total of 100 common targets of the drug and disease were obtained. GO functional analysis identified 59 items (
5.Current advances in research on adjuvant therapy for cerebral malaria
Xiao-hui JIANG ; Zhong-yuan ZHENG ; Hui LIU ; Ting YANG ; Shui-qing QU ; Yu-jie LI ; Li-na CHEN
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2020;55(2):208-217
Cerebral malaria (CM) is the deadliest complication of
6.Potential therapies for COVID-19 cardiovascular complications using artemisinin and its derivatives intervene based on its cardiovascular protection.
Yuan-Min YANG ; Li-Na CHEN ; Shui-Qing QU ; Shuo-Qiu DENG ; Hui LIU ; Xi WANG ; Xiao-Gang WENG ; Ya-Jie WANG ; Xiao-Xin ZHU ; Yu-Jie LI
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2020;45(24):6053-6064
Corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19) has brought untold human sufferings and economic tragedy worldwide. It causes acute myocardial injury and chronic damage of cardiovascular system, which has attracted much attention from researchers. For the immediate strategy for COVID-19, "drug repurposing" is a new opportunity for developing drugs to fight COVID-19. Artemisinin and its derivatives have a wide range of pharmacological activities. Recent studies have shown that artemisinin has clear cardiovascular protective effects. This paper summarizes the research progress on the pathogenesis the pathogenesis of COVID-19 in cardiovascular damage by 2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV) virus from myocardial cell injury directly by 2019-nCoV virus,viral ligands competitively bind to ACE2 and then reduce the protective effect of ACE2 on cardiovascular disease, "cytokine storm" related myocardial damage, arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death induced by the infection and stress, myocardial injury by hypoxemia, heart damage side effects from COVID-19 drugs and summarizing the cardiovascular protective effects of artemisinin and its derivatives have activities of anti-arrhythmia, anti-myocardial ischemia, anti-atherosclerosis and plaque stabilization. Then analyzed the possible multi-pathway intervention effects of artemisinin-based drugs on multiple complications of COVID-19 based on its specific immunomodulatory effects, protective effects of tissue and organ damage and broad-spectrum antiviral effect, to provide clues for the treatment of cardiovascular complications of COVID-19, and give a new basis for the therapy of COVID-19 through "drug repurposing".
Artemisinins
;
COVID-19
;
Cardiovascular Diseases
;
Heart Diseases
;
Humans
;
SARS-CoV-2
7.Method for rapid synchronization of different growth cycles of Plasmodium falciparum in vitro and application in differential gene expression profile of 3D7 after dihydroartemisinin treatment.
Zhong-Yuan ZHENG ; Li-Na CHEN ; Ting YANG ; Hui LIU ; Shui-Qing QU ; Yuan-Min YANG ; Yu-Jie LI ; Shu-Qiu ZHANG
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2020;45(10):2454-2463
Plasmodium culture in vitro is often used as an antimalarial drug evaluation model, but the lifecycle of P. falciparum culture in vitro tends to be disordered, which affects the research and evaluation of antimalarial drug mechanism in vitro. By combining magnetic bead separation method with sorbitol synchronization method, a synchronization method was constructed to quickly acquire different lifecycles of P. falciparum and obtain large amounts of parasite with a narrow synchronization window in a short period. Furthermore, the dihydroartemisinin(DHA) was used to treat the early trophozoite phase of P. falciparum 3 D7 for 4 h. Then mRNA was extracted and RNA-seq was conducted to analyze the differential expression of mRNA after drug treatment and obtain the differential gene expression profile. Differential expression of up-regulated genes and down-regulated genes was analyzed according to the screening criteria of |log_2FC|>1 and P<0.05. There, 262 genes were up-regulated and 77 genes were down-regulated. GO functional enrichment analysis of all the differentially expressed genes showed that the enrichment items mainly included cell membrane components, transporter activity, serine/threonine kinase activity, Maurer's clefts(MCs), rhoptry, antigen variation and immune evasion. The enrichment of KEGG pathway included malaria, fatty acid metabolism and peroxisome. Protein-protein interaction(PPI) analysis showed that the down-regulated genes in the modules with high degree of association included rhoptry, myosin complex, transporter and other genes related to the important life activities of malaria invasion and immune escape; the up-regulated genes were mainly related to various toxic exportins of malaria, such as PfSBP1 of MCs. qRT-PCR was used to verify the expression level of some genes, and most of the results were the same as the sequencing results. SBP1 was significantly up-regulated, while some antigenic protein expression levels were down-regulated. Above all, key molecules of DHA therapy were mainly involved in the parasites' rhoptry, transporter, antigenic variation, plasmodium exportin. These results offer us many hints to guide the further studies on mechanism of artemisinin and provide a new way for development of new antimalarial drugs.
Animals
;
Antimalarials
;
Artemisinins
;
Erythrocytes
;
Plasmodium falciparum
;
Transcriptome
8.Quality evaluation of commercial Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma Rubra based on multi-component quantitative analysis.
Wen-Jia QU ; Jia-Ming SU ; Wen-Juan XU ; Chun-Shuai LI ; Lin-Lin YANG ; Shu-Yan ZHANG ; Xuan WANG ; Shui-Qing CHENG ; Jia WEN ; Xiang-Ri LI
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2022;47(21):5855-5862
To comprehensively evaluate the quality of commercial Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma Rubra, 43 batches of commercial Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma Rubra were collected to determine the content of nine ginsenosides Rg_1, Re, Rb_1, Rk_3, Rh_4, 20(S)-Rg_3, 20(R)-Rg_3, Rk_1, and Rg_5 by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). The quality of the commercial Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma Rubra was evaluated by correlation analysis, principal component analysis, factor analysis, analysis of variance(ANOVA), and cluster heatmap analysis. The content determination indicated that the content of common ginsenosides in commercial Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma Rubra were higher while that of rare ginsenosides were lower. Multivariate statistical analysis revealed that ginsenosides Rg_1 and Rb_1 were significantly positively correlated with rare ginsenosides, and Rg_1, Rb_1 and rare ginsenosides played an important role in evaluating the quality of commercial Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma Rubra. In combination with the processing principle and current quality situation of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma Rubra, it is recommended to improve the content limit of Rb_1 in the existing quality standards.
Panax
;
Ginsenosides/analysis*
;
Rhizome/chemistry*
;
Plant Roots/chemistry*
;
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
;
Drugs, Chinese Herbal
9.Cardiovascular complications in malaria: a review.
Yu LI ; Zhong-Yuan ZHENG ; Yu ZHANG ; Shui-Qing QU ; Shuo-Qiu DENG ; Yue DAI ; Cheng-Cheng LIU ; Tuo LIU ; Li-Na CHEN ; Yu-Jie LI
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2023;48(18):4902-4907
Malaria, one of the major global public health events, is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity among children and adults in tropical and subtropical regions(mainly in sub-Saharan Africa), threatening human health. It is well known that malaria can cause various complications including anemia, blackwater fever, cerebral malaria, and kidney damage. Conventionally, cardiac involvement has not been listed as a common reason affecting morbidity and mortality of malaria, which may be related to ignored cases or insufficient diagnosis. However, the serious clinical consequences such as acute coronary syndrome, heart failure, and malignant arrhythmia caused by malaria have aroused great concern. At present, antimalarials are commonly used for treating malaria in clinical practice. However, inappropriate medication can increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases and cause severe consequences. This review summarized the research advances in the cardiovascular complications including acute myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, hypertension, heart failure, and myocarditis in malaria. The possible mechanisms of cardiovascular diseases caused by malaria were systematically expounded from the hypotheses of cell adhesion, inflammation and cytokines, myocardial apoptosis induced by plasmodium toxin, cardiac injury secondary to acute renal failure, and thrombosis. Furthermore, the effects of quinolines, nucleoprotein synthesis inhibitors, and artemisinin and its derivatives on cardiac structure and function were summarized. Compared with the cardiac toxicity of quinolines in antimalarial therapy, the adverse effects of artemisinin-derived drugs on heart have not been reported in clinical studies. More importantly, the artemisinin-derived drugs demonstrate favorable application prospects in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, and are expected to play a role in the treatment of malaria patients with cardiovascular diseases. This review provides reference for the prevention and treatment of malaria-related cardiovascular complications as well as the safe application of antimalarials.
Child
;
Adult
;
Humans
;
Antimalarials/pharmacology*
;
Cardiovascular Diseases/drug therapy*
;
Artemisinins/pharmacology*
;
Quinolines
;
Malaria, Cerebral/drug therapy*
;
Heart Failure/drug therapy*
;
Arrhythmias, Cardiac/drug therapy*
10.Incidence and prognosis of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions related to infection of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain: a national multi-center survey of 35 566 population.
Meng Fan LIU ; Rui Xia MA ; Xian Bao CAO ; Hua ZHANG ; Shui Hong ZHOU ; Wei Hong JIANG ; Yan JIANG ; Jing Wu SUN ; Qin Tai YANG ; Xue Zhong LI ; Ya Nan SUN ; Li SHI ; Min WANG ; Xi Cheng SONG ; Fu Quan CHEN ; Xiao Shu ZHANG ; Hong Quan WEI ; Shao Qing YU ; Dong Dong ZHU ; Luo BA ; Zhi Wei CAO ; Xu Ping XIAO ; Xin WEI ; Zhi Hong LIN ; Feng Hong CHEN ; Chun Guang SHAN ; Guang Ke WANG ; Jing YE ; Shen Hong QU ; Chang Qing ZHAO ; Zhen Lin WANG ; Hua Bin LI ; Feng LIU ; Xiao Bo CUI ; Sheng Nan YE ; Zheng LIU ; Yu XU ; Xiao CAI ; Wei HANG ; Ru Xin ZHANG ; Yu Lin ZHAO ; Guo Dong YU ; Guang Gang SHI ; Mei Ping LU ; Yang SHEN ; Yu Tong ZHAO ; Jia Hong PEI ; Shao Bing XIE ; Long Gang YU ; Ye Hai LIU ; Shao wei GU ; Yu Cheng YANG ; Lei CHENG ; Jian Feng LIU
Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery 2023;58(6):579-588
Objective: This cross-sectional investigation aimed to determine the incidence, clinical characteristics, prognosis, and related risk factors of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions related to infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain in mainland China. Methods: Data of patients with SARS-CoV-2 from December 28, 2022, to February 21, 2023, were collected through online and offline questionnaires from 45 tertiary hospitals and one center for disease control and prevention in mainland China. The questionnaire included demographic information, previous health history, smoking and alcohol drinking, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, olfactory and gustatory function before and after infection, other symptoms after infection, as well as the duration and improvement of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction. The self-reported olfactory and gustatory functions of patients were evaluated using the Olfactory VAS scale and Gustatory VAS scale. Results: A total of 35 566 valid questionnaires were obtained, revealing a high incidence of olfactory and taste dysfunctions related to infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain (67.75%). Females(χ2=367.013, P<0.001) and young people(χ2=120.210, P<0.001) were more likely to develop these dysfunctions. Gender(OR=1.564, 95%CI: 1.487-1.645), SARS-CoV-2 vaccination status (OR=1.334, 95%CI: 1.164-1.530), oral health status (OR=0.881, 95%CI: 0.839-0.926), smoking history (OR=1.152, 95%CI=1.080-1.229), and drinking history (OR=0.854, 95%CI: 0.785-0.928) were correlated with the occurrence of olfactory and taste dysfunctions related to SARS-CoV-2(above P<0.001). 44.62% (4 391/9 840) of the patients who had not recovered their sense of smell and taste also suffered from nasal congestion, runny nose, and 32.62% (3 210/9 840) suffered from dry mouth and sore throat. The improvement of olfactory and taste functions was correlated with the persistence of accompanying symptoms(χ2=10.873, P=0.001). The average score of olfactory and taste VAS scale was 8.41 and 8.51 respectively before SARS-CoV-2 infection, but decreased to3.69 and 4.29 respectively after SARS-CoV-2 infection, and recovered to 5.83and 6.55 respectively at the time of the survey. The median duration of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions was 15 days and 12 days, respectively, with 0.5% (121/24 096) of patients experiencing these dysfunctions for more than 28 days. The overall self-reported improvement rate of smell and taste dysfunctions was 59.16% (14 256/24 096). Gender(OR=0.893, 95%CI: 0.839-0.951), SARS-CoV-2 vaccination status (OR=1.334, 95%CI: 1.164-1.530), history of head and facial trauma(OR=1.180, 95%CI: 1.036-1.344, P=0.013), nose (OR=1.104, 95%CI: 1.042-1.171, P=0.001) and oral (OR=1.162, 95%CI: 1.096-1.233) health status, smoking history(OR=0.765, 95%CI: 0.709-0.825), and the persistence of accompanying symptoms (OR=0.359, 95%CI: 0.332-0.388) were correlated with the recovery of olfactory and taste dysfunctions related to SARS-CoV-2 (above P<0.001 except for the indicated values). Conclusion: The incidence of olfactory and taste dysfunctions related to infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain is high in mainland China, with females and young people more likely to develop these dysfunctions. Active and effective intervention measures may be required for cases that persist for a long time. The recovery of olfactory and taste functions is influenced by several factors, including gender, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination status, history of head and facial trauma, nasal and oral health status, smoking history, and persistence of accompanying symptoms.
Female
;
Humans
;
Adolescent
;
SARS-CoV-2
;
Smell
;
COVID-19/complications*
;
Cross-Sectional Studies
;
COVID-19 Vaccines
;
Incidence
;
Olfaction Disorders/etiology*
;
Taste Disorders/etiology*
;
Prognosis