AIM: To determine the effect of phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation for angle closure glaucoma previously treated by laser iridotomy.METHODS: Thirty-nine patients(39 eyes )with angle closure glaucoma previously treated by laser iridotomy and cataract were divided into two groups according need for anti-glaucoma medications for controlling intraocular pressure (IOP) or not. All the patients underwent phacoemulsification and foldable IOL implantation and were followed up 3 months postoperatively.RESULTS: The best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA) of both groups improved significantly (P<0.05). The post-operative IOP of group I at 3 months was 15.72±3.02mmHg,and that of group Ⅱwas 16.30±3.81mmHg. The IOP of both group decreased significantly(P<0.05). The central anterior chamber depth of group I was deepened from 1.64±0.45mm preoperatively to 3.21±0.41mm at 3 months postoperatively,group Ⅱ was deepened from 1.92±0.52mm preoperatively to 3.18±0.39mm at 3 months postoperatively. The postoperative central anterior chamber depth of both groups increased significantly(P<0.05).Anterior chamber angle was much wider postoperatively.CONCLUSION: Phacoemulsification and IOL implantation was effective for angle closure glaucoma previously treated by laser iridotomy,and can improve visual acuity and completely relieve the pupillary block of angle closure glaucoma.

Objective To investigate symptom characteristics and their their prevalence in terminally ill patients with ovarian carcinoma.Methods A retrospective study was carried out based on clinical data of 98 terminally ill patients with ovarian carcinoma who died in our hospital during January 1995 to December 2004.Fifteen most common symptoms were analyzed with a focus on the followings:symptom incidence,survival time after symptom occurrence,regularity of symptom cluster,and common causes of death.Fifteen symptoms were:pain,cachexia,pleural effusion and ascites,dyspnea,fever,intestinal obstruction,renal failure,bone marrow depression,lung infection,hemorrhage,deep venous thrombosis (DVT),intestinal or pancreatic fistula,mycotic infection,jaundice and emergency conditions.Results (1)The most prevalent symptom was pleural effusion and ascites(63%),followed by pain(60%), cachexia(59%),dyspnea(52%)and intestinal obstruction(49 %).(2)The symptom which lasted longest survival time was mycotic infection(77 days),followed by intestinal or pancreatic fistula(75 days), intestinal obstruction(67 days),pain(60 days)and eachexia(60 days).Symptoms such as bone marrow depression,renal failure,dyspnea and emergency conditions were comparatively critical associated with shorter survival times(14,13,12,7 days,respectively).(3)Terminal symptoms occurred typically in clusters,with 4.9?1.5 symptoms per case.Of 98 cases,84 cases(86%)had 4 or more symptoms,with the median survival time of 63 days from the last day of anti-cancer therapy,and a slow death process.The remaining 14 cases(14%)with 3 or fewer symptoms survived only 25 days,of which 10 cases(71%)died of emergency diseases.The survival time for two groups was significantly different(P

OBJECTIVETo investigate the treatment for traumatic intervertebrae disk herniation in cervical thoracic junction.

METHODSFrom 2003 to 2008, there were 10 patients with trautimatic intervertebral disk herniation in cervical thoracic junction, which included 6 males and 4 females, aged from 23 to 66 years (means 41.5 years). All of them were performed through the transforminal approach combined with internal fixation. After operation all patient underwent hyperbaric oxygen treatment. The function of spine was evaluated by JOA score system.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up for 8 to 16 months(means 13 months). All patients got recovery of spine function to some extent except one case with complete spine damaged. The JOA scores was improved from (8 +/- 3) before operation to (15 +/- 2) after operation.

CONCLUSIONEarly and effective treatment by transforminal operation could be helpful for the recovery of spine function.

Adult ; Aged ; Cervical Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery

BACKGROUNDPulmonary embolism, a potentially fatal event, occurs more frequently in cancer patients than in the general population. To offer an accurate diagnosis and effective treatment to such patients in China, we analyzed the incidence rate and clinical features of pulmonary embolism in patients with solid tumor hospitalized in the Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital.

METHODSA retrospective analysis was made of the hospitalized patients with solid malignancies complicated with pulmonary embolism who had been admitted into the PUMC Hospital from January 2002 to December 2008.

RESULTSThe incidence of pulmonary embolism in hospitalized patients with solid malignancies was 0.27% (120/43 967). The median age at diagnosis was 57.5 years. The male to female ratio was 1.0:1.4 (49:71). Patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) constituted the largest proportion of the 120 patients (37.5%), followed by patients with breast (9.2%), ovarian (8.3%), pancreatic (6.7%), and liver cancer (6.7%). Eighty patients (66.7%) had stage IV cancer. Bone was the most common site of distant metastasis (46.3%). D-dimer level was elevated in 90.9% of the 66 tested patients. The incidence of bleeding due to anti-coagulation therapy was 3.6%. Thirty-six (30.0%) of the 120 patients had concurrent deep venous thrombosis in the lower extremities. Seventeen patients developed acute pulmonary embolism within 2 weeks after surgery, 3 of whom died suddenly. Four patients presented with deep venous thrombosis and 1 with pulmonary embolism prior to the identification of malignancy.

CONCLUSIONSPatients with cancer of the lung, ovarian, breast, pancreas, and liver are more likely to be complicated with pulmonary embolism than those with other types of solid tumors. Patients with distant metastasis are at a higher risk of pulmonary embolism. Pulmonary embolism without concurrent deep venous thrombosis is more frequently observed than concurrence of both disorders in the clinical setting.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anticoagulants ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Heparin ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms ; classification ; complications ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Pulmonary Embolism ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Young Adult

This study was aimed to analyze the biological characteristics of rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBM-MSCs) and their response to different growth factors. Rabbit BM-MSCs were separated from bone marrow mononuclear cells by using adherent cultivation. Biological characteristics were investigated by optical and electron microscopy. Immunophenotype of rBM-MSCs was measured by flow cytometry. The expression of collagen was detected by RT-PCR. Differentiation potential was identified by specific staining and RT-PCR. The response of rBM-MSCs to IL-1, 3, 8 and HGF with different concentrations were tested by MTT. The results showed that the rBM-MSCs gave rise to a population of adherent cells characterized by the presence of a predominant cell type with a typical fibroblast-like morphology and could be cultured for over 15 passages. CD44 was highly expressed on F5 rBM-MSCs (32%) and CD45 was lowly expressed (4.7%). Type I collagen was highly expressed, while type II collagen was lowly expressed and type X collagen was not detected on rBM-MSCs using RT-PCR method. In various conditions inducting differentiation, rBM-MSCs could differentiate into the osteoblast, chondrocyte, adipocyte and neuron-like cells. The rBM-MSCs were sensitive to IL-3, even low concentration (10 ng/ml) of IL-3 could promote the proliferation of rBM-MSCs effectively (>32%, P < 0.01), whereas high concentration IL-3 inhibited it significantly. It is concluded that rabbit BM-MSCs were successfully isolated and culture-expanded. The biological characteristics of rabbit BM-MSCs are similar to those of human and rhesus BM-MSCs. IL-3 with low concentration can promote the proliferation of rBM-MSCs effectively, but high concentration of IL-3 can inhibit their proliferation.
Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; physiology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytokines ; pharmacology ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor ; pharmacology ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; physiology ; Rabbits ; Recombinant Proteins

Objective To evaluate the value of positron emission tomography(PET)-CT imaging combined with continual detection of CA_(125)in serum for diagnosis of early recurrent ovarian epithelial carcinoma.Methods Twenty six patients received PET-CT imaging,who were all diagnosed as primary epithelial ovarian cancer of stage Ⅱ-Ⅳ and had complete remission after cytoreductive surgery and multiple courses of chemotherapy in Shandong Provincial Cancer Hospital.After a steady period,all patients experienced progressive rising of CA_(125)values 3 times in 2 months.But no positive lesion was found by CT, or although suspicious positive focus was found,the recurrent and(or)metastatic extent was not definite. Out of 26 patients,16 were delivered rechemotherapy and(or)radiotherapy,and 10 received re- cytoreductive surgery.Results(1)Of 26 patients,the value of CA_(125)was more than 35 kU/L in 17,and in 14 of 17,pelvic or abdominal cavity recurrence was diagnosed by CT and PET-CT,and 4 showed simuhaneously distant metastasis on PET-CT.In the remaining 3 patients of which CT findings were negative,2 had pelvic and abdominal cavity recurrence,and one had bone metastasis on PET-CT.Of 9 patients with progressive rising CA_(125)levels but the value was less than cut-off(

OBJECTIVESTo study the occurrence of different anomalies associated with hypospadias and to instruct relevant treatment in clinical practice.

METHODSThree hundred and forty-one cases of hypospadias were investigated, all treated respectively corresponding to their specific anomalies.

RESULTSThe morbidity of associated anomalies in cases of hypospadias was as high as 21.1%. Most of the anomaly cases were undescended testes and inguinal hernia, and the incidence of associated anomalies was related to the degree of hypospadias.

CONCLUSIONSHypospadias is not just a local dysmorphic problem but rather a local manifestation of a systemic disease. It is necessary to take those associated anomalies as a systemic whole and attach enough importance to their clinical treatment.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Hypospadias ; complications ; surgery ; Male ; Urogenital Abnormalities ; complications ; surgery ; Urogenital Surgical Procedures ; methods

BACKGROUNDConization is being widely accepted for diagnosis and treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). There is controversy as to which factors are most predictive of a positive cone margin and the clinical significance of it. We conducted this study to identify the predictive factors and to evaluate the clinical significance of a positive cone margin in CIN III patients.

METHODSA retrospective review was conducted of 207 patients who had undergone conization due to CIN III from January 2003 to December 2005 at Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Of these, 67 had a subsequent hysterectomy. Univariate and multivariate analysis were utilized to define the predictive factors for a positive cone margin, and to compare the pathologic results of conization with subsequent hysterectomy.

RESULTSOne hundred and fifty-one (72.9%) were margin free of CIN I or worse, 37 (17.9%) had CIN lesions close to the margin and 19 (9.2%) had margin involvement. A total of 56 cases (27.1%) had positive cone margins (defined as the presence of CIN at or close to the edge of a cone specimen). Univariate analysis showed that the parity, cytological grade, multi-quadrants of CIN III by punch biopsy, gland involvement, as well as the depth of conization were significant factors correlated with a positive cone margin (P < 0.05). However the age, gravidity, grade of dysplasia in punch biopsy, as well as the cone methods were not significantly correlated (P > 0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that the cytological grade (OR = 1.92), depth of conization (OR = 2.03), parity (OR = 3.02) and multi-quadrants of CIN III (OR = 4.60) were significant predictors with increased risk for positive margin. The frequency of residual CIN I or worse in hysterectomy specimens was found to be 55.6% (20/36) in patients who were margin free, 71.4% (15/21) in patients with CIN occurring close to margin, and 80.0% (8/10) in patients with margin involvement. The frequency of residual CIN III or worse was found to be 13.9% (5/36), 23.8% (5/21) and 50.0% (5/10) respectively in different groups.

CONCLUSIONSCytological grade, depth of conization, parity and multi-quadrants of CIN III in punch biopsy were significant factors with increased risk in predicting a positive cone margin. Margin status of conization did not mean the presence or absence of CIN, but rather the varied frequency of residual CIN in specimens of subsequent hysterectomy. In view of this fact, it is suggested that the margin status of conization be a valuable surrogate marker for clinical management of CIN III.

Adult ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Cervix Uteri ; pathology ; Conization ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasm Staging ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the relevant position of the pedicle of C1 to the lateral mass of C(2-4), set up an identification technique for the entry point decision of C1 pedicle screw by using the lateral mass of C(2-4) as anatomic landmarks.

METHODSTwenty cadaver specimens were used to measure the distance from the sagittal midline of spine to the medial border, the midpoint and the lateral border of C1 pedicle or the lateral mass of C2, C3 or C4. The anatomic relation between the measurements data of C1 pedicle and that of the lateral masses of the cervical vertebrae were analyzed, and the technique of C1 pedicle screw fixation was established.

RESULTSThe average medial border of the lateral mass of C2, C3 and C4 was 0.37 mm, 0.27 mm and 0.24 mm lateral to that of C1 pedicle, the average midpoint of the lateral mass of C2, C3 and C4 was 1.18 mm, 1.41 mm and 1.74 mm lateral to that of C1 pedicle, and the average lateral border of the lateral mass of C2, C3 and C4 was 1.96 mm, 2.54 mm and 3.24 mm lateral to that of C1 pedicle, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThere is a steady anatomic location relation between C1 pedicle and the lateral mass of C2, C3 or C4. As well as the lateral mass of C2, the lateral mass of C3 or that of C4 could be convenient anatomic landmarks to determine the location of C1 pedicle and the position of C1 pedicle screw entry point.

Adult ; Cadaver ; Cervical Atlas ; anatomy & histology ; surgery ; Cervical Vertebrae ; anatomy & histology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Spinal Fusion ; methods

OBJECTIVETo explore the feasibility of the treatment of hypospadias with penile and scrotal skin flaps.

METHODSTwenty-three hypospadias patients aged 3.5-19 (mean 6. 8) years underwent urethroplasty with penile and scrotal skin flaps. All were followed up for 6 years and analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSOf the total number of patients, 21 (91.3%) succeeded in one operation and the other 2 developed complications, including urethral fistula and urethral structure.

CONCLUSIONPenile and scrotal skin, advantageous for its adequacy, rich blood supply and contribution to high success rate of surgery, is believed to be the first choice for urethroplasty in the treatment of hypospadias.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Hypospadias ; surgery ; Male ; Penis ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Scrotum ; surgery ; Skin Transplantation ; Surgical Flaps