AIM: To compare the refraction error(RE)3mo after phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation(PHACO+IOL)between patients with acute primary angle-closure glaucoma(APACG)with cataract(APACG group)and patients with simple cataract(cataract group), and the biological parameters of the eye(axial length,corneal curvature, anterior chamber depth)associated with the postoperative RE in the APACG and cataract groups.

METHODS: This was a prospective, non-randomized, case-control study. Each group had 30 cases(30 eyes). Intraocular pressure, axial length, corneal curvature, and anterior chamber depth were measured. The reserved refractive power was calculated using the SRK-II formula. Three months postoperatively, subjective RE was calculated as the postoperative refractive power which subtracted the preoperative reserved diopter(RE was considered as <-0.50D or >+0.50D; -0.50D to +0.50D not considered as RE). An independent sample t-test was used to compare the difference in RE between the two groups and to compare the differences among relevant parameters such as axial length, corneal curvature, and anterior chamber depth. Paired t-test was used to compare preoperative and postoperative parameters such as axial length, corneal curvature, and difference in anterior chamber depth.

RESULTS: Mean RE in the cataract group was -0.46D±0.46D, with 24 cases of myopic RE(80%)and 6 cases of hyperopic RE(20%). Mean RE in the APACG group was +0.56D±0.79D, with 9 cases of myopic RE(30%)and 21 cases of hyperopic RE(70%). The difference in RE between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05). On comparison of pre- and postoperative biological parameters of the two groups, in the cataract group, there was a non-significant difference in pre- and postoperative axial length(23.55±0.47mm versus 23.56±0.48mm, respectively; P>0.05). In the APACG group, pre- and postoperative axial length was 21.71±0.46mm and 21.52±0.54mm, respectively; the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). In the both the cataract and APACG groups, postoperative anterior chamber depth was significantly higher than preoperative(4.09±0.38mm versus 2.71±0.24mm, in the cataract group, and 3.55±0.35mm versus 1.90±0.23mm, In the APACG group, respectively; both P<0.05). In the cataract group and the APACG groups, pre- and postoperative average corneal curvature were not significantly different(43.93D±0.95D versus 43.92D±0.95D, in the cataract group, and 44.71D±0.84D versus 44.70D±0.9D, In the APACG group, respectively; P>0.05). On comparison of biological parameters between the two groups, postoperative ocular axial length shortening in the APACG group was statistically significant compared with the ocular axial changes in the cataract group(P<0.05). The postoperative anterior chamber deepened markedly in the APACG group; this was statistically significant compared with the cataract group(P<0.05).

CONCLUSION:Postoperative RE in patients with APACG and cataract who underwent PHACO+IOL is relatively large compared with patients with simple cataracts. These patients with APACG and cataract also show hyperopia drift, which is more significantly correlated with postoperative ocular axial length shortening and increased anterior chamber depth.

OBJECTIVETo construct a eukaryotic expression vector for alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) and detect its expression and localization in NIH 3T3 cells.

METHODSThe total RNA was extracted from the liver tissue of BALB/c mice, and the corresponding coding sequences for mouse AAT (GenBank accession No. NM_009243) were amplified by RT-PCR and cloned into hemagglutinin (HA)-tagged vector pcDNA3-HA. The construct was then transfected into NIH 3T3 cells, which were observed under fluorescence microscope.

RESULTSThe recombinant plasmid was verified by PCR, enzyme digestion and sequence analysis, and the fusion protein was highly expressed in NIH 3T3 cells. Under fluorescence microscope, the fusion protein was found to distribute mainly in the cytoplasm.

CONCLUSIONThe expression vector for AAT-HA fusion protein has been successfully constructed and effectively expressed in mammalian cells to allow future functional study of AAT in mammalian cells.

Animals ; Genetic Vectors ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Hemagglutinins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; NIH 3T3 Cells ; Plasmids ; genetics ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; alpha 1-Antitrypsin ; biosynthesis ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the diagnostic applicability of human papillomavirus (HPV) liquid chip assay which is based on Luminex XMAP System, and perform a HPV epidemiologic study with the liquid chip in women of Shandong province.

METHODSTo detect HPV genotypes on a 96-well plate with the liquid chip which can simultaneously detect and identify 26 common HPV genotypes in a total of 2925 cervical scrapes obtained from gynecological outpatients as well as to analyze the relationship between HPV types and different cervical diseases by studying the distribution of HPV genotypes and pathologic diagnosis.

RESULTSAmong 639 cases who performed pathologic/cytological and histological diagnoses, 184 cases are in group of normal cytology, 266 cases in group of, 77 cases in group of cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN) I, 7 cases in group of CIN I - II, 46 cases in group of CIN I - II, 46 cases in group of CIN I - II and 13 cases in group of cervical cancer. The overall incidence of HPV in our samples is 36.0% (1054/2925) and 23 types of all 26 types on liquid chip are found. The most common genotypes found are HPV-16 (26.75%), HPV-52 (25.75%), HPV-58 (10.47%), HPV-18 (8.87%) and HPV-11 (6.94%). Among all the positive types, 87.32% are high-risk HPV and 13.68% are low-risk HPV genotypes. Both single and multiple types are easily identified, showing 66.22% ( n = 698) single type and 33.78% ( n = 356) multiple types. Of all the 1054 HPV-positive cases, 261 (24.8%) is occupied by women 21 to 25 years of age and progressively lower by older age groups, reaching 4.9% by women between 51 to 67 years old. The incidence of HPV in our samples is 23.37%, 33.08%, 54.54%, 57.14%, 82.61%, 91.30% and 100% for normal cytology, inflammation,CIN I ,CIN I - II, CIN II ,CIN III, and carcinomas specimens, respectively. Infections with more that one virus are common, accounted for 4.89%, 7.14%, 18.18%, 28.57%, 41.30%, 43.37% and 38.46% for normal cytology, inflammation, CIN I, CIN I - II, CIN II, CIN III, and carcinomas specimens, respectively. Based on the criteria of histology and pathology, the sensitivity, specificity, positive-predictive value and negative-predictive value of HPV liquid chip assay for detecting all cases of CIN II, III are 88.57%, 76.63%, 68.89% and 92.16% respectively. Conclusion The common types of HPV infection are 16, 52, 58, 18, 11, 6, 56 and 31. The HPV-positive rate increased along with the increase of grading on cervical lesions. There are more younger women among all the HPV-positive ones. Multiplex HPV genotyping by liquid chip appears to be highly suitable for diagnostic screening as well as the conduction of large-scale epidemiological studies.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; epidemiology ; virology ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Gammapapillomavirus ; classification ; genetics ; Genotype ; Human papillomavirus 11 ; classification ; genetics ; Human papillomavirus 16 ; classification ; genetics ; Human papillomavirus 18 ; classification ; genetics ; Human papillomavirus 6 ; classification ; genetics ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; methods ; Papillomaviridae ; classification ; genetics ; Papillomavirus Infections ; epidemiology ; virology ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; virology ; Young Adult

Objective To determine whether the integration of immature neurons born before status epilepticus (SE)can be disrupted by an epileptogenic insult.Methods Pilocarpine was used to induce SE in mice. At week 1 before induction,BrdU or retroviral vector expressing green fluorescent protein (RV-GFP)was used to label the newly born cells in the dentate gyrus (DG).At week 8 after SE,BrdU+Map2 or BrdU+NeuN double-labeling staining was carried out to visualize hilar basal dendrite or hilar ectopic migration.Virus-transduced GFP signals were used to identify the mossy fiber sprouting from the newly generated neurons.The number of cells with aberrant integrations was compared using unpaired Student's t-test.Results The percentage of newborn neurons with aberrant dendritic morphology was (20.8±8.4)% at week 8 after SE.The percentage of BrdU+NeuN double labeled cells ectopically migrated into the hilus was (15.9 ± 7.4)%.At week 8 after SE,the chronically epileptic mice showed many GFP+ processes in the IML with the same axonal appearance and small mossy fiber bouton-like structures as those seen in the hilus.The number of newborn neurons with aberrant integrations in SE mice wassignificantly increased when compared with the control mice (P <0.05).Conclusion These data demonstrate the existence of aberrant integrations-hilar basal dendrites,hilar ectopic migration and mossy fiber sprouting in the DG-generated cells born 1 week before an SE insult.

AIM: To evaluate and compare the quality of life of patients submitted to phacoemulsification combined with goniosynechialysis(PPI+GSL)and trabeculectomy, and analyze the potentially involved variables.

METHODS: A perspective, randomized case-control study was conducted. Patients with acute primary angle-closure glaucoma(ACG)and early cataracts underwent PPI+GSL implantation(group A, n=29)and trabeculectomy(group B, n=30). The quality of life was assessed using the National Eye Institute 25-Item Visual Function Questionnaire(NEI-VFQ-25)before and 6mo after surgery. Intraocular pressure(IOP), best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), review frequency and the basic characteristics were recorded simultaneously.

RESULTS: Compared with preoperative status, the IOP in both groups was significantly decreased(all P<005), and the BCVA was significantly increased in group A(P<0.05), while did not differ significantly in group B(P>0.05). Besides, group B presented higher review frequency than group A(P<0.05). Moreover, significant increases in postoperative scores were founded in the two groups respectively(all P<0.05). Compared with group B, group A had better postoperative performance in items of general vision, ocular pain, long-distance activities, social functioning and role limitations(all P<0.05). Besides, group A presented significantly higher net increases in postoperative total scores than group B(P<0.05), which was positively associated with the degree of the BCVA recovery and negatively associated with review frequency(R²=0.48, F=5.00, P<0.05).

CONCLUSION: APACG patients with early cataracts, PPI+GSL determines better improvement in quality of life compared to trabeculectomy.

The historical evolution， fermentation technology and key links of Sojae Semen Praeparatum （SSP） were sorted out by consulting ancient books and modern literature， and the influencing factors and control methods of quality were analyzed and summarized in order to provide reference for the quality control of SSP. After analysis， it was found that in the fermentation process of SSP， fermentation strains， miscellaneous bacteria， temperature and humidity were all important factors affecting the quality of SSP. The condition control of "post fermentation" process has been paid more attention to in the past dynasties. In addition， the delicious SSP recognized in ancient times should be made from mold fermentation， and the breeding and application of fermented mold may be the key point to solve the quality problem of SSP. Therefore， based on the evaluation indexes of SSP in the past dynasties， it is of great significance to study and optimize the technological conditions such as strain， temperature and humidity in depth to improve the quality of SSP.