Objective A kind of quantitative C reactive protein (CRP) test kit was developed with colloidal gold lateral flow method. Method The kit was prepared with double antibody sandwich technology, and by material optimization and strict process control to improve performance. Quantitative assay was realized by a specialized lateral flow reader. The kit performance was evaluated with series of tests and clinical trial. Results The kit was developed with functional sensitivity≤1 mg/L, linear range 1-200 mg/L, CV<15%and with stability of 12 months. 220 samples clinical trial showed 98.6%of coincidence rate. Pearson Correlation coefficient r is 0.987, which showed no significant difference in performance compare with control kit. Conclusion A quantitative CRP test kit was developed with easy to operating and good stability, Which can be used for point of care testing or laboratory testing.

Objective:To explore the value of radiomics model based on intratumoral and peritumoral early dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI for identifying benign and malignant in breast imaging reporting and data system (BI-RADS) 4 tumors.Methods:A total of 191 patients diagnosed with BI-RADS 4 breast tumors by breast MRI examination with clear pathological diagnosis from January 2016 to December 2020 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College were analyzed retrospectively, including 77 benign and 114 malignant cases, aged 23-68 (46±10) years. The one-slice image with the largest area of the lesion of the second stage DCE-MRI images was selected to outline the region of interest, and automatically conformal extrapolated by 5 mm to extract the intra-tumoral and peritumoral radiomics features. The included cases were randomly divided into training and testing cohorts in the ratio of 8∶2. The statistical and machine learning methods were used for feature dimensionality reduction and selection of optimal radiomics features, and logistic regression was used as the classifier to establish the intratumoral, peritumoral, and intratumoral combined with peritumoral radiomics models. The independent risk factors that could predict the benignity and malignancy of breast tumors were retained as clinical-radiological characteristics by univariate and multivariate logistic regression to establish a clinical-radiological model. Finally, the intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics features were combined with clinical-radiological features to develop a combined model of the three. The receiver operating curve was used to analyze the predictive performance of each model and calculate the area under the curve (AUC),the AUC was compared by DeLong test. The stability of the three-component combined diagnostic model was tested by 10-fold cross-validation, and the model was visualized by plotting nomogram and calibration curves.Results:In the training cohort, the AUC of the three-component combined model for identifying benign and malignant BI-RADS 4 breast tumors was significantly higher than that of the intratumoral radiomics model ( Z=3.38, P<0.001), the peritumoral radiomics model ( Z=4.01, P<0.001), the intratumoral combined with peritumoral radiomics model ( Z=3.11, P=0.002), and the clinical-radiological model ( Z=3.24, P=0.001). And the AUC, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and F1-score of the three-component combined model were 0.932, 91.2%, 86.9%, 87.0% and 0.89, respectively. In the testing cohort, the three-component combined model also had the highest AUC value (0.875), and diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and malignancy F1-score were 95.7%, 62.5%, 76.9%, and 0.89, respectively. The AUC calculated by 10-fold cross-validation was 0.90 (0.85-0.92), and the predicted curve of the three-component combined model in the calibration curve was in good agreement with the ideal curve. Conclusion:The three-component combined diagnostic model based on the intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics features and clinical-radiological features of early DCE-MRI has good performance and stability for identifying the benign and malignant in BI-RADS 4 breast tumors, and it can provide guidance for clinical decision non-invasively.

Objective:To explore the stent apposition and safety of Neuroform EZ and Enterprise 2 stents in treatment of symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (sICAS), and their influencing factors for in-stent restenosis.Methods:A total of 143 sICAS patients treated by Enterprise 2 stents (implanted 143 Enterprise 2 stents, E2 group) and 202 patients treated by Neuroform EZ stents (implanted 202 Neuroform EZ stents, EZ group) were selected from Department of Interventional Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2017 to January 2022. Stent apposition was evaluated based on reconstructive images of high-resolution flat detector CT. The complications 30 d after surgery and during 6-24 months of follow-up were recorded. Based on DSA or CTA 6 months after surgery, the patency of the two stents was evaluated. Univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to determine the independent risk factors for in-stent restenosis.Results:(1) Forty-nine patients had incomplete stent apposition (ISA) after stent release: 24 patients with ISA in E2 group (16.8%, 24/143; 15 of type I and 9 of type II) and 25 with ISA in the EZ group (12.4%, 25/202, 11 of type I and 14 of type II) were found, without statistical difference ( χ 2=1.334, P=0.248); however, ISA incidence in the EZ group (19.0% and 10.3%) was significantly lower than that in the E2 group (41.4% and 25.6%) when the diameter ratio of anterior and posterior vessels of the stenosis lesions≥1.30 or the angle of stent≥75° ( χ 2=4.228, P=0.040; χ 2=4.531, P=0.033). (2) Within 30 d of stenting, 17 patients developed neurological dysfunction-related complications: 8 patients in EZ group and 9 in E2 group were noted, without significant difference ( P=0.324). Clinical follow-up was obtained in 317 patients, and 20 patients developed long-term stroke associated with responsible lesion vessels: 12 patients in EZ group and 8 in E2 group were noted, without significant difference ( P=0.995). (3) Totally, 298 patients received imaging follow-up 6 months after surgery, and 65 patients developed in-stent restenosis: 36 patients in EZ group and 29 in E2 group were noted, without significant difference ( χ 2=0.309, P=0.578). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes ( OR=2.714, 95% CI: 1.437-5.126, P=0.002), stent apposition ( OR=3.435, 95% CI: 1.223-9.652, P=0.019), lesion stenosis length ( OR=1.176, 95% CI: 1.065-1.300, P=0.001) and immediate postoperative residual stenosis ( OR=1.038, 95% CI: 1.004-1.074, P=0.029) were independent influencing factors for in-stent restenosis. Conclusions:Enterprise 2 and Neuroform EZ stents have high stent apposition and safety in sICAS treatment, but in cases with large diameter ratio of the anterior and posterior vessels of the stenosis lesions (diameter ratio≥1.30) or large angle of the stent (≥75°), Neuroform EZ stent has better stent apposition. Patients with diabetes, ISA, long lesion stenosis or high residual stenosis may trend to have in-stent restenosis.

Objective:To compare the efficacies of Enterprise 1 stent and Enterprise 2 stent in treating symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS).Methods:From January 2018 to April 2021, 76 patients with symptomatic ICAS treated by Enterprise 2 stent (implanting Enterprise 2 stents, EP2 group) and 52 patients with symptomatic ICAS treated with Enterprise 1 stent (implanting Enterprise 1 stents, EP1 group) were chosen from Department of Interventional Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. DSA was performed immediately after stent implantation and residual vascular stenosis rate was analyzed and compared between the 2 groups. Stent apposition of the 2 groups were evaluated according to reconstruction images of high-resolution flat detector CT; patients were divided into incomplete stent apposition (ISA) group and complete stent apposition group, accordingly; their clinical data were compared. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the independent influencing factors for ISA. Incidences of perioperative complications and short-term in-stent restenosis (6 months after implantation) in the EP2 group and EP1 group were observed.Results:Intracranial stent was successfully implanted in all patients, with technical success rate of 100%. Significant difference was noted in EP1 group between pre-implanted vascular stenosis rate (80.85±12.14)% and post-implanted residual vascular stenosis rate ([21.44±8.11]%, P<0.05); significant difference was noted in EP2 group between pre-implanted vascular stenosis rate (81.83±12.85)% and post-implanted residual vascular stenosis rate ([21.53±7.76]%, P<0.05); no significant difference was noted in pre-implanted vascular stenosis rate, post-implanted residual stenosis rate, or angles of stent between EP1 group and EP2 group ( P>0.05). According to high-resolution flat detector CT scan, the ISA incidence in EP2 group (10.5%) was significantly lower than that in EP1 group (25.0%, P<0.05); compared with the complete stent apposition group, the ISA group had significantly higher post-implanted residual stenosis rate, higher proportions of patients with calcification at the stenosis, larger angles of stent, higher diameter ratio of anterior and posterior vessels of the stenosis lesions, and lower proportion of patients with Enterprise 2 stent implantation ( P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the angle of stents, diameter ratio of anterior and posterior vessels of the stenosis lesions and Enterprise 2 stent implantation were independent influencing factors for stent apposition; and Enterprise 2 stent implantation was an proactive factor for complete stent apposition. Perioperative complication rate showed significant difference between EP1 group and EP2 group (1.3% vs. 7.7%, P<0.05). Short-term in-stent restenosis between EP2 group and EP1 group was significantly different (26.1% vs. 7.0%, P<0.05). Conclusion:Compared with Enterprise 1 stent, Enterprise 2 stent has better apposition, higher safety, and lower incidence of short-term in-stent restenosis, enjoying clinical application value in treating symptomatic ICAS.

Objective:To investigate the application value of optical coherence tomography (OCT) and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) in evaluating flow diverter (FD) apposition and endothelialization in aneurysm animal models, and analyze the effect of incomplete stent apposition (ISA) on aneurysm lumen healing and stent endothelialization.Methods:Lateral common carotid artery aneurysm models in swines were established by surgical method and then FD was implanted. Immediately after surgery, OCT and IVUS were used to evaluate the locations and degrees of ISA, and difference between these 2 methods in evaluating FD apposition was compared. DSA was performed at 12 weeks after surgery to evaluate the aneurysm occlusion (Kamran grading) and stent patency. OCT and IVUS were used again to observe the stent endothelial situation; by comparing with histopathologic results, effect of ISA on aneurysm healing and stent endothelialization was analyzed.Results:Lateral common carotid artery aneurysm models in 6 swines were established, and 6 Tubridge FDs were successfully implanted. Compared with IVUS (3 stents, 4 locus), OCT could detect more ISA (6 stents, 14 locus); and the vascular diameter change area (7 locus), aneurysm neck area (4 locus) and the head and tail of FD (3 locus) were the main sites of FD malapposition; average distance between stent wire and vessel wall was (560.14±101.48) μm. At 12 weeks after surgery, DSA showed that 1 patient had a little residual contrast agent at the aneurysm neck (Kamran grading 3), and the remaining 5 had complete aneurysm occlusion (Kamran grading 4). One FD had moderate lumen stenosis, and the other 5 FDs had lumen patency. OCT indicated mostly disappeared acute ISA; ISA proportion decreased to 21.4 % (3/14), including 2 in the aneurysm neck and 1 in the partial stent. Histopathological results showed bare stent woven silk, without obvious endothelial coverage; in one FD with luminal stenosis, intimal hyperplasia was mainly composed of vascular smooth muscle cells.Conclusion:In carotid artery aneurysm model with FD implantation, OCT can detect more ISA than IVUS; most acute ISA have good outcome at 12 th week of follow-up, while severe ISA can cause delayed FD endothelialization and delayed aneurysm occlusion.

Nerve regeneration in adult mammalian spinal cord is poor because of the lack of intrinsic regeneration of neurons and extrinsic factors - the glial scar is triggered by injury and inhibits or promotes regeneration. Recent technological advances in spatial transcriptomics (ST) provide a unique opportunity to decipher most genes systematically throughout scar formation, which remains poorly understood. Here, we first constructed the tissue-wide gene expression patterns of mouse spinal cords over the course of scar formation using ST after spinal cord injury from 32 samples. Locally, we profiled gene expression gradients from the leading edge to the core of the scar areas to further understand the scar microenvironment, such as neurotransmitter disorders, activation of the pro-inflammatory response, neurotoxic saturated lipids, angiogenesis, obstructed axon extension, and extracellular structure re-organization. In addition, we described 21 cell transcriptional states during scar formation and delineated the origins, functional diversity, and possible trajectories of subpopulations of fibroblasts, glia, and immune cells. Specifically, we found some regulators in special cell types, such as Thbs1 and Col1a2 in macrophages, CD36 and Postn in fibroblasts, Plxnb2 and Nxpe3 in microglia, Clu in astrocytes, and CD74 in oligodendrocytes. Furthermore, salvianolic acid B, a blood-brain barrier permeation and CD36 inhibitor, was administered after surgery and found to remedy fibrosis. Subsequently, we described the extent of the scar boundary and profiled the bidirectional ligand-receptor interactions at the neighboring cluster boundary, contributing to maintain scar architecture during gliosis and fibrosis, and found that GPR37L1_PSAP, and GPR37_PSAP were the most significant gene-pairs among microglia, fibroblasts, and astrocytes. Last, we quantified the fraction of scar-resident cells and proposed four possible phases of scar formation: macrophage infiltration, proliferation and differentiation of scar-resident cells, scar emergence, and scar stationary. Together, these profiles delineated the spatial heterogeneity of the scar, confirmed the previous concepts about scar architecture, provided some new clues for scar formation, and served as a valuable resource for the treatment of central nervous system injury.
Mice ; Animals ; Gliosis/pathology* ; Cicatrix/pathology* ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; Astrocytes/metabolism* ; Spinal Cord/pathology* ; Fibrosis ; Mammals ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled