Objective To establishment a process of monitoring waste resin clearance in nuclear power plants, and to meet clearance requirements and simplify the monitoring work. Methods In accordance with the requirements specified in current laws, regulations, and standards in China, as well as the practice of slightly polluted waste resins generated during the operation of nuclear power plants, in-depth discussion was conducted on sampling methods, sample uniformity and representativeness tests, radiation monitoring contents and methods, and simplified monitoring processes, in order to accurately monitor the radionuclide activity of waste resins to be cleared. Results A process was established to monitor waste resin clearance in nuclear power plants. A total of 55 barrels of waste resins were cleared and the radiation levels met the requirements. Conclusion An effective clearance process can facilitate the sampling of representative resins, improve the accuracy of monitoring data, differentiate radioactive waste from cleared waste, and simplify the monitoring process. Our results provide a basis and reference for future waste resin clearance.

Objective:To study the efficacy of laparoscopic limited anatomical hepatectomy (LLAH) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) within the right anterior section.Methods:The clinical data of 144 patients with HCC confined in the right anterior section undergoing hepatectomy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University from January 2015 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, including 122 males and 22 females, aged (54.5±9.7) years. Patients were divided into LLAH ( n=27), laparoscopic anatomical hepatectomy (LAH, n=69), and laparoscopic non-anatomical hepatectomy (LNAH, n=48). Propensity score matching was used to compare the operative time, postoperative hospital stay, postoperative complications, serum total bilirubin and albumin, and the prognostic indicators such as tumor-free survival (DFS) rate and cumulative survival rate between the groups. Results:After propensity score matching, there were 26 cases each in LLAH and LNAH group. There was no significant difference in operative time, intraoperative blood loss and postoperative hospital stay between LLAH group and LNAH group (all P<0.05). The total bilirubin and albumin in LLAH on the third day after operation were [ M( Q1, Q3)] 24.1(20.9, 29.1) μmol/L and (35.8±2.9) g/L, better than those in LNAH group 39.3(33.2, 57.0) μmol/L and (33.9±2.5) g/L, respectively. The 1- and 3-year DFS rates in LLAH group were 92.3% and 57.7%, higher than those in LNAH group (80.8% and 19.2%) (all P<0.05). After propensity score matching, there were 25 patients each in LLAH and LAH group. The operative time, postoperative hospital stay and postoperative complications of LLAH group were lower than those of LAH group, and the liver function parameters of LLAH group was also better than those of LAH group (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in DSF rate between the two groups LLAH group and LAH group ( χ2=0.10, P=0.800). Conclusions:The perioperative outcome of LLAH for HCC within the right anterior section are similar to that of LNAH and better than that of LAH. The DFS of LLAH were better than that of LNAH and similar to that of LAH.

The biological samples of oral genetic diseases and rare diseases are extremely precious. Collecting and preserving these biological samples are helpful to elucidate the mechanisms and improve the level of diagnose and treatment of oral genetic diseases and rare diseases. The standardized construction of biobanks for oral genetic diseases and rare diseases is important for achieving these goals. At present, there is very little information on the construction of these biobanks, and the standards or suggestions for the classification and coding of biological samples from oral and maxillofacial sources, and this is not conducive to the standardization and information construction of biobanks for special oral diseases. This consensus summarizes the background, necessity, principles, and key points of constructing the biobank for oral genetic diseases and rare diseases. On the base of the group standard "Classification and Coding for Human Biomaterial" (GB/T 39768-2021) issued by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Biological Samples, we suggest 76 new coding numbers for different of biological samples from oral and maxillofacial sources. We hope the consensus may promote the standardization, and smartization on the biobank construction as well as the overall research level of oral genetic diseases and rare diseases in China.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the genetic basis for a Chinese pedigree affected with resistance to thyroid hormone syndrome (RTH). METHODS: Exons 7 to 10 of the THRbeta gene were sequenced for the proband and members of his pedigree. RESULTS: Three patients from the pedigree were identified. All have presented with palpitation, fatigue, goiter, elevated free thyroid hormone and free triiodothyronine, and normal or elevated thyrotropin. Genetic testing revealed that the proband, his mother, second sister and one of her daughters had carried a heterozygous c.1336T>A variant of the THRbeta gene, which resulted in substitution of Cysteine by Serine at position 446. The variant was unreported previously. Based on the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics standards and guidelines, the c.1336T>A(p.Cys446Ser) variant of THRbeta gene was predicted to be lilely pathogenic(PM1+PM2+PM5+PP3). CONCLUSION The c.1336T>A variant, identified in the exon 10 of the THRbeta gene, probably underlay the RTH in this pedigree. Genetic testing has validated the clinical diagnosis for this pedigree.
Female ; Genomics ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Mothers ; Mutation ; Pedigree

Objective:To investigate the effect of RATEA16 scaffold on the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and the effect of new self-assembling peptide hydrogel (RATEA16) scaffold with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on promoting angiogenesis.Methods:RATEA16 hydrogel was prepared, then the injectability, microstructure, degradation, biocompatibility of RATEA16 hydrogel were determined. HUVEC were cultured with RATEA16 scaffold to detect cell morphology and proliferation. HUVEC were cultured on RATEA16 scaffold with VEGF for 24 h. The expression of VEGF-A, von Willebrand factor (vWF), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) were detected by using real-time PCR to evaluate the effects of the scaffold with VEGF system on HUVEC differentiation.Results:The sol-gel transition was completed under neutral condition (pH=7.4) adjusted by Tris-HCl solution. The hydrogel could be easily injected from a syringe. It presented a porous and interconnected internal structure and the porosity of the scaffold was (67.3±9.4)%. After 4 week degradation in vitro, the residual weight was still (82.354±0.006)%, which exhibited slow degradation. HUVEC grew well after being cultured in leach liquor of RATEA16 hydrogel for 24 h, and there was no significant difference in HUVEC cell viability compared with that of the control group ( P>0.05). HUVEC encapsulated in RATEA16 hydrogel appeared round in shape and exhibited effectively continuous proliferation. When HUVEC were cultured on RATEA16 hydrogel with VEGF for 24 h, the formation of vascular-like structures was observed. The expression of VEGF-A and MMP-9 was 1.5-2.0 times that of control group, and vWF was 10 times and PECAM-1 was 55 times compared with that of the control group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The RATEA16 hydrogel used in this study could be prepared by simply adjusting pH to neutral. This hydrogel exhibited good biodegradability, slow degradation and injectability. HUVEC might attach and spread in RATEA16 scaffold. The RATEA16 scaffold with VEGF could promote angiogenic differentiation of HUVEC. The novel scaffold is expected to achieve the critical vascularization process in bone tissue regeneration.

Objective:To study the use of laparoscopic hepatic vein guided anatomic hepatectomy in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods:The clinical and follow-up data of 62 patients who underwent laparoscopic anatomic hepatectomy at the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery of Southwest Hospital of the Army Medical University from January 2015 to February 2018 and met the inclusion criteria of the study were retrospectively analyzed. The operation procedure as to whether the main hepatic vein was exposed or not was determined. The patients were divided into the hepatic vein-oriented hepatectomy (HVOH) group when the main hepatic vein was exposed, and the traditional anatomic hepatectomy (TAH) group when the main hepatic vein was not shown. The perioperative and follow-up data of the two methods were compared.Results:A total of 31 cases were included in the HVOH group, there were 28 males and 3 females, age ranged from 29.0-70.0 (49.9±11.2) years. A total of 31 cases were included in the TAH group, there were 27 males and 4 females, age ranged from 22.0-73.0 (51.4±12.1) years. There were no significant differences in operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative hospital stay, intraoperative conversion to open, and perioperative blood transfusion rates between the two groups ( P>0.05). The incidence of postoperative complication was significantly lower in the HVOH group than in the TAH group [9.7% (3/31) vs. 32.2% (10/31)] ( P<0.05), but no serious complications occurred (Clavein Level IV) in this study. The one-year tumor-free survival rate in the HVOH group was significantly higher than that in the TAH group (77.4% vs. 51.6%), ( P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the 1- and 3-year overall survival rates and tumor-free survival rates between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Laparoscopic hepatic vein-guided anatomic hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma had the potential advantages in reducing the perioperative complication rate, and enhanced the early tumor-free survival rates.

Objective: To investigate the clinical value of lymph node dissection (LND) in the radical resection of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). Methods: The propensity score matching and retrospective cohort study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 448 patients with ICC who were admitted to 12 medical centers from December 2011 to December 2017 were collected, including 279 in the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital of Navy Medical University, 32 in the Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 21 in the First Hospital Affiliated to Army Medical University, 20 in the Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 19 in the West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 18 in the Second Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 18 in the Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 16 in the Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, 10 in the Xuanwu Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, 7 in the Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 5 in the Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, and 3 in the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College. There were 281 males and 167 females, aged from 22 to 80 years, with a median age of 57 years. Of the 448 patients, 143 with routinely intraoperative LND were divided into LND group and 305 without routinely intraoperative LND were divided into control group, respectively. Observation indicators: (1) the propensity score matching conditions and comparison of general data between the two groups after matching; (2) intraoperative and postoperative situations; (3) follow-up; (4) survival analysis. Patients were followed up by outpatient examination, telephone interview and email to detect survival of patients and tumor recurrence up to October 31, 2018 or death. Follow-up was conducted once every 3 months within postoperative 1-2 years, once every 6 months within postoperative 2-5 years, and once a year after 5 years. The propensity score matching was realized using the nearest neighbor method with 1∶1 ratio. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean±SD, and comparison between groups was analyzed using the t test. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M (range), and comparison between groups was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Count data were described as absolute numbers, and comparison between groups was analyzed using the chi-square test or Fisher exact probability. Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate survival rates and draw survival curve, and Log-rank test was used to perform survival analysis. Univariate analysis and multivaraiate analysis were conducted using the Log-rank test and COX regression model, respectively. Results: (1) The propensity score matching conditions and comparison of general data between the two groups after matching: 286 of 448 patients had successful matching, including 143 in each group. The number of males and females, cases with hepatitis, cases with grade A and B of Child-Pugh classification, cases with distance from margin to tumor <1 cm and ≥1 cm, cases with highly, moderately, and poorly differentiated tumor, cases with anatomical hepatectomy and nonanatomical hepatectomy before propensity score matching were 77, 66, 33, 96, 47, 70, 73, 105, 38, 79, 64 in the LND group, and 204, 101, 121, 165, 140, 207, 98, 251, 54, 124, 181 in the control group, respectively, showing significant differences in the above indices between the two groups (χ²=7.079, 11.885, 7.098, 14.763, 5.184, 8.362, P<0.05). After propensity score matching, the above indices were 77, 66, 33, 96, 47, 70, 73, 105, 38, 79, 64 in the LND group, and 79, 64, 29, 88, 55, 71, 72, 112, 31, 74, 69 in the control group, respectively, showing no significant difference in the above indices between the two groups (χ²=0.056, 0.329, 2.158, 0.014, 0.936, 1.400, P>0.05). (2) Intraoperative and postoperative situations: the operation time, volume of intraoperative blood loss, cases with intraoperative blood transfusion, cases with postoperative complications, and duration of postoperative hospital stay were 265 minutes (range, 160-371 minutes), 300 mL (range, 200-500 mL), 37, 46, 12 days (range, 9-17 days) for the LND group, and 59 minutes (range, 46-250 minutes), 200 mL (range, 100-400 mL), 24, 25, 9 days (range, 7-11 days) for the control group, respectively. There was no significant difference in the volume of intraoperative blood loss or cases with intraoperative blood transfusion between the two groups (Z=1.700, χ²=3.520, P>0.05). There were significant differences in the operation time, cases with postoperative complications, and duration of postoperative hospital stay (Z=6.520, χ²=8.260, Z=4.270, P<0.05). (3) Follow-up: 143 patients in the LND group was followed up for 18-26 months. The 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rates were 66.9%, 32.8%, 25.0%, and the median survival time was 22.0 months (range, 18.0-26.0 months). In the control group, 143 patients were followed up for 11-32 months. The 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rates were 71.7%, 38.0%, 31.0%, and the median survival time was 22.0 months (range, 11.0-32.0 months). There was no significant difference in the overall survival between the two groups (χ²=0.466, P>0.05). (4) Survival analysis: results of univariate analysis showed that distance from margin to tumor, tumor diameter, the number of tumors, microvascular tumor thrombus, and lymph node metastasis by pathological examination were related factors for prognosis of patients undergoing radical resection of ICC (χ²=10.662, 9.477, 16.944, 6.520, 11.633, P<0.05). Results of multivariate analysis showed that distance from margin to tumor<1 cm, tumor diameter>5 cm, multiple tumors, microvascular tumor thrombus, positive lymph node metastasis by pathological examination were independent risk factors for prognosis of patients undergoing radical resection of ICC (hazard ratio=0.600, 1.571, 1.601, 1.750, 1.723, 95% confidence interval: 0.430-0.837, 1.106-2.232, 1.115-2.299, 1.083-2.829, 1.207-2.460, P<0.05). Conclusion Lymph node metastasis is an independent risk factor affecting the prognosis of ICC patients, and it is necessary to perform LND in radical resection for patients with ICC and lymph node metastasis.

Objective:To understand the oral health status of urban and rural residents in China,the Fourth National Oral Health Epidemiological Survey (FNOHES) was conducted in 2015.Materials and methods:Based on the principles of multi-stage,stratified,equal capacity,and random sampling,the subjects included five groups of residents aged 3-5,12-15,35-44,55-64,and 65-74 years in all 31 provinces,municipalities,and autonomous regions except Hong Kong,Macao,and Taiwan.The total sample size was 172,425.The survey covered two areas,namely oral health status and knowledge,attitude and oral health behavior.Results:Residents in China had serious caries and poor periodontal condition.The prevalence of caries was above 50％ in all age groups,subjects without periodontal disease accounted for ＜50％,and fewer than 50％ of subjects brushed their teeth twice a day.Based on the results of the FNOHES,the following suggestions were proposed for improving the oral health in China in the future:to establish and improve the comprehensive prevention and control system for oral diseases,implement a comprehensive prevention and control strategy for priority groups,strengthen the oral health education for all people to improve oral health literacy,enhance dynamic monitoring to scientifically evaluate oral health status,and coordinate multi-party resources to establish and improve the oral health service security system.Conclusion:The oral health status of Chinese residents and their oral health behavior habits need to be improved.With the support of the administrative departments of the government and unremitting efforts of the oral health staff,all sectors of society must be coordinated to strengthen oral health education for the whole population.Furthermore,comprehensive prevention and control measures must be implemented for priority groups.

Objective To establish a laparoscopic classification of extrahepatic biliary dilatations (EHBD) that can guide minimally invasive treatment.Methods According to inclusion criteria,124 patients with EHBD who were admitted and treated from July 2001 to July 2017 in the First Hospital Affiliated to Army Military Medical University were included in this study.A new laparoscopic classification of EHBD was proposed based on the preoperative imaging data and laparoscopic findings of the position and extent of EHBD.The minimally invasive diagnosis and treatment strategies were made based on the new classification.Results According to the preoperative imaging data and intraoperative laparoscopic findings,124 patients with EHBD were divided into the following groups:type A (upper segment,34 cases),type B (middle segment,27 cases),type C (lower segment,20 cases),and type D (entire bile duct,43 cases).The clinical symptoms (abdominal pain,jaundice and mass) and reoperation rates were not significantly different among the 4 groups(both P＞0.05).The incidences of comorbidities (calculus or inflammation) were significantly different (P＜0.05).The operative time(type A:237.6±66.7 min,type B:259.2±60.0 min,type C:286.1 ± 74.7 min,type D:347.5±94.4 min) and blood loss (type A:192.6±102.2 ml,type B:201.5±120.2 ml,type C:297.5±162.1 ml,type D:305.8±237.3 ml) were significantly different among the groups (P＜ 0.05).The short-term complication rates after surgery (5.9％ ～ 20.0％) were significantly different (P＜ 0.05),while the long-term complication rates after surgery (7.4％ ～ 10.0％) were not significantly different.The conversion rates to open surgery were significantly higher in patients with type C and D lesions than in those with type A and B lesions (P＜0.05).Conclusion This laparoscopic classification predicted the difficulty of laparoscopic surgery for EHBD and had a guiding significance in the minimally invasive treatment for this disease entity.