Objective: To discuss the better processing method of Cornu Cerrvi. Methods : We measured the content of water-soluble lixivium by means of sand-scorch. Results : The water-soluble components were not destroyed at the sand temperature of 170 to 180℃, the calcium phosphate, calcium carbonate and nitride were all in salt forms, and they could be solved in water and not be destroyed at high temperature. Conclusion : The assay of water-soluble lixivium and clinical experiment indicated that Cornu Cervi by sand-scorch was better than the raw one.

Release in vitro is one of the indexes for quality control of solid dosage forms. It is not only the important indexes for evaluation of bioequivalence, also the important parameter of formulation optimization, study of the stability and quality control within producing of sustained or controlled release dosage forms. The review is the study on index for formulation optimization of sustained or controlled released dosege forms in China since 1999, including the application of similarity factor and deviation.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; standards ; Dosage Forms ; standards ; Drug Stability ; Quality Control

OBJECTIVE: To compare the degeneration of lumbosacral multifidus muscle in patients with lumbar disc herniation. METHODS: Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy was performed on the multifidus muscle of 35 healthy volunteers and 35 patients with unilateral L lumbar disc herniation. There were 20 males and 15 females in each group, aged from 25 to 55 years old. In healthy volunteers, the mean age was (35.66±8.73) years old and the BMI was (21.85±1.94) kg/m; in the patients, the mean age was (36.09±7.70) years old, the BMI was (21.50±1.78) kg/m, the VAS score was (4.40±0.88) points, the course of disease was (11.2±7.14) months. The proportion of fat in the L lumbosacral multifidus muscle and the proportion of fat-suppressed cross-sectional area were observed by MRI, the differences of the observation indexes of the two groups were compared through data analysis. RESULTS: In healthy volunteers, the proportion of fat on the left side of the multifidus muscle was (0.169± 0.035)%, the proportion of fat removal cross-sectional area on the left side of the multifidus muscle was (0.699±0.070)%, the proportion of fat on the right side of the multifidus muscle was (0.168±0.031)%, and the proportion of fat removal cross-sectional area on the right side of the multifidus muscle was (0.712±0.056)%, there was no significant difference between the two sides (>0.05). In patients, the proportion of fat on the healthy side of multifidus muscles was (0.173±0.021)%, the proportion of fat removal cross-sectional area on the healthy side of multifidus muscles was (0.695±0.054)%, the proportion of fat on the affected side of the multifidus muscle was (0.228±0.027)%, and the proportion of fat removal cross-sectional area on the affected side of the multifidus muscle was (0.629±0.048)%, the differences of the above indexes on both sides were statistically significant (<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the proportion of multifidus muscle fat and the ratio of fat-suppressed cross-sectional area between the affected side and volunteers (<0.05). There was no significant difference in fat ratio and fat-suppressed cross sectional area ratio between the left and right sides of healthy volunteers and healthy side of patients (>0.05). CONCLUSION There is degeneration of lumbosacral multifidus muscle on the affected side of patients with unilateral L intervertebral disc herniation, featuring multifidus muscular atrophy and fat infiltration.

OBJECTIVETo study on the process of extraction and purification of active parts from Ligusticun chuanxiong.

METHODThe processes of extraction and purification of active parts of ferulic acid were optimized by direct comparison and orthogonal design.

RESULTExtract rate of active parts of ferulic acid was 1.67% and the content of ferulic acid was 5.82%.

CONCLUSIONActive parts of ferulic acid from L. chuanxiong were extracted and purified effectively.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Coumaric Acids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Ligusticum ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Resins, Synthetic ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

Traditional Chinese Medicine believes that "Gu Cuo Feng and Jin Chu Cao "is the key pathogenesis for spinal degenerative disease, such as cervical spondylosis, but there is also lots of controversy for the concept of "Go Cuo Feng and Jin Chu Cao". The paper emphasizes the concept of "Cu Cuo Feng and Jin Chu Cao" from structural abnormality and dysfunction, and build the clinical standard of cervical "Gu Cuo Feng and Jin Chu Cao" from clinical symptoms, conventional physical signs of cervical spondylosis, special physical signs (mainly by palpation) and imaging measurement (special measuring method).
Cervical Vertebrae ; diagnostic imaging ; Diagnostic Imaging ; Humans ; Radiography ; Spondylosis ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging

Humans ; Knee Joint ; physiopathology ; Osteoarthritis, Knee ; physiopathology ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo investigate the protective effect of Ophiopogonis polysaccharide (MDG-1) on isolated myocardium ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) and subcutaneous injection of isoprenaline induced acute myocardial ischemia.

METHODSIn ex vivo heart experiment: Langendorff guinea pigs were randomly divided into the IRI group, the fructose sodium diphosphate (FDP) group, treated with FDP 10(-6) - 10(-4) g/mL for positive control and the MDG groups treated with MDG-1 10(-6) - 10(-4) g/mL. The amplitude and frequency of cardiac contraction, coronary blood flow at different time points after ischemia reperfusion were measured. In integral animal experiments: acute myocardium ischemia model rats established by subcutaneous injection of isoprenaline were used, they were administered with MDG-1 in dosage of 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg respectively, and controlled with propranolol. Besides, a normal control group and an untreated model group for control were set up. The ST segment shift in ECG and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in serum were observed.

RESULTSEx vivo heart experiment showed that different doses of MDG-1 can increase IRI caused abnormal coronary blood flow, quickly resume the heart contraction and restrain the quickened heart rate (all P < 0.01). The integral animal experiment showed that oral administration of 40 mg/kg can reduce the increased activity of LDH in serum (P < 0.05) induced by isoprenaline, but almost had no effect on ST-segment shift in ECG.

CONCLUSIONMDG-1 can alleviate IRI isolated myocardium of guinea pigs, and oral administration of MDG-1 showed a definite protection on isoprenaline caused rats' myocardial ischemia damage.

Animals ; Cardiotonic Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Coronary Circulation ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Electrocardiography ; Guinea Pigs ; Heart ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Isoproterenol ; Male ; Myocardial Contraction ; drug effects ; Myocardial Ischemia ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; prevention & control ; Ophiopogon ; chemistry ; Phytotherapy ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Polysaccharides ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo study clinical significance of vertebral artery magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) to vertebral artery type of cervical spondylosis' diagnosis and treatment.

METHODSThere were two groups in the study, which were observation group and control group. There were 53 patients in observation group,including 19 males and 34 females,with a mean age of (52.51 +/- 11.29) years. There were 30 subjects in control group,including 10 males and 20 females,with a mean age of (48.11 +/- 12.21) years. Based on the vertebral artery MRA picture,the course and caliber of vertebral artery were compared between two groups.

RESULTSThe abnormal incidence of course and caliber of vertebral artery in observation group was higher than that of control group, which had statistic difference (P=0.000). Furthermore, the patterns of abnormal course and caliber of vertebral artery in observation group were complicated and diverse, but the regional circuity and stegnosis was the most common pattern,about 47.18%(25/53). The cause of circuity and stegnosis was vertebra Gu-Cuofeng,about 43.41% (23/53).

CONCLUSIONThe vertebral artery MRA provides a guidance for the diagnosis of abnormal course and caliber of vertebral artery in vertebral artery cervical spondylosis.

Adult ; Aged ; Cervical Vertebrae ; blood supply ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Angiography ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiography ; Spondylosis ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; therapy ; Vertebral Artery ; anatomy & histology ; diagnostic imaging

OBJECTIVE: To compare the degeneration of lumbosacral multifidus muscle in patients with lumbar disc herniation. METHODS: Thirty-five healthy volunteers and 35 patients with unilateral L lumbar disc herniation from December 2015 to September 2017 were recruited. There were 20 males and 15 females in each group, aged from 25 to 55 years old. In healthy volunteers group, the mean age was (35.66±8.73) years old and the BMI was (21.85±1.94) kg /m. In patients with lumbar disc herniation, the mean age was (36.09±7.70) years old, the BMI was (21.50±1.78) kg /m, the VAS score was 4.40±0.88, the course of disease was (11.20±7.14) months. Surface electromyography analysis was performed on the multifidus muscle of the two groups. The average myoelectric amplitude of the multifidus muscle in the two groups were compared. RESULTS: The average myoelectric amplitude of the multifidus muscle of healthy volunteers was (48.84±7.77) µV on the left and (49.13±7.86) µV on the right. There was no significant difference between the two sides (>0.05). The average myoelectric amplitude of multifidus muscle in patients with lumbar disc herniation was(48.82±8.14) µV on the healthy side and (42.81±7.00) µV on the affected side, and the difference was statistically significant between two sides(<0.05). There was no significant difference in the average myoelectric amplitude of multifidus muscle between the healthy side of lumbar disc herniation and on the left of healthy volunteers, or between the healthy side of lumbar disc herniation and on the right of healthy volunteers (>0.05). There was significant difference in the average myoelectric amplitude of multifidus muscle between the affected side of lumbar disc herniation and on the left of healthy volunteers, and also between the affected side of lumbar disc herniation and on the right of healthy volunteers(<0.05). CONCLUSION Patients with chronic lumbar disc herniation have an imbalance in myoelectric activity, and the muscle strength of the multifidus muscle on the affected side is significantly reduced.
Adult ; Electromyography ; Female ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Degeneration ; diagnostic imaging ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Paraspinal Muscles

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of Qiang Jin exercises on the muscle strength and activity of lumbar spine in patients with lumbar disc herniation. METHODS: From March 2016 to September 2017, at the Department of Orthopaedics, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, a total of 110 subjects were enrolled, and 98 eligible subjects were screened. The subjects were randomized by stratified randomization and divided into experimental group and control group, 49 cases in each group, 25 males and 24 females in the experimental group, 25 males and 24 females in the control group. The experimental group exercised with Qiang Jin exercises, one time each morning and evening, each time10 sets were made;the control group used classic rehabilitation training, training twice a week, and three months was a course of treatment. After 12 weeks of training, the muscle strength and activity of the lumbar spine were evaluated and compared with the muscle strength and activity of the lumbar spine before training. RESULTS: The experimental group and the control group had different muscle strength and activity of the lumbar spine before and after treatment ( CONCLUSION Qiang Jin exercises can effectively improve the muscle strength and activity of the lumbar spine and improve the daily living ability of patients.
China ; Female ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Degeneration ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Lumbosacral Region ; Male ; Treatment Outcome