OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of over the counter dispensing model on hospital pharmaceutical work quality improvement and its social benefits. METHODS: The practice of over the counter dispensing model in the outpatient dispensary in our hospital was compared with the traditional model of drug dispensing through a small window. RESULTS: Over the counter dispensing service model can help improve the work efficiency in outpatient dispensary, strengthen pharmacists' consciousness on pharmaceutical care. CONCLUSION: Over the counter dispensing model can be applied in large and medium-sized hospitals.

The effects of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) on number and activity of vascular endothelial cells (VEC) from hone marrow stem cells (BMSC) of mice were investigated. 100 μ/ml AGEs markedly inhibited differentiation of BMSC into VEC with decreased vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 positive cells, hut 20 μg/ml AGEs had no effect.

Objective:By analyzing clinical data, discuss the clinical efficacy of balloon dilatation for the treatment of tuberculous scarred airway stenosis and factors affecting efficacy. Methods:Selected 13 cases airway stenosis caused by tracheobronchial tuberculosis.Airway stenosis was confirmed and measured by bronchoscopy and CT before balloon dilation. Balloon dilatation with forming expansion was conducted once a week. We evaluated the shortness of breath scores, measuring FEV1, FVC and the diameter of airway before and after dilation. The long-term outcome and lung function improvement were evaluated. Results:Thirteen cases were treated by balloon dilation with fiberoptic bronchoscopy. The airway diameter before and after the treatment, shortness of breath score, FEV1, FVC have improved significantly, the difference was significant(t=15.596, t=-27.657, t=-14.604, t=-41.766;P<0.05). Conclusion:Balloon dilation treatment for tuberculous scarred airway stenosis can achieve better results.

Objective To make out the effective method of emergency materials management. Methods According to the native regular emergency diseases and the orders of superior section make out a general method for emergency materials management. Results This general management method can effective solve the problems which have existed in the aspect of emergency materials management. Conclusion By using general management method could advance the quality of first aid.

AIM: To study the electrophysiological effects of nitric oxide (NO) on the pacemaker cells in guinea-pig left ventricular outflow tract under the condition of ischemia/reperfusion ( I/R) .METHODS:The spontaneous slow action potentials of guinea-pig left ventricular outflow tract were recorded by conventional intracellular microelectrode technique.The effects of NO donor sodium nitroprusside ( SNP) on the spontaneous slow action potentials under normal or I/R condition were investigated.RESULTS:SNP at concentrations of 1, 10 and 100μmol/L but not 1000μmol/L signif-icantly increased velocity of diastolic depolarization ( VDD) and rate of pacemaker firing ( RPF) , SNP at concentrations of 1, 10, 100 and 1 000μmol/L notably increased maximal diastolic potential (MDP), amplitude of action potential (APA) and maximal rate of depolarization ( Vmax ) , shortened 50%and 90%of the duration ( APD50 and APD90 ) .In ischemia 10 min group, VDD and RPF were significantly decreased, APA and Vmax were notably increased, and APD50 and APD90 were markedly lengthened compared with control group.In reperfusion 10 min group, VDD and RPF were significantly in-creased, MDP and APA were notably decreased, and APD50 and APD90 were markedly shortened compared with I 10 min group.In reperfusin 10 min group, the pacemaker activity was always irregular.In reperfusion 10 min group, the parame-ters of spontaneous slow action potentials restored to the levels of control group except for VDD and Vmax .In 1, 10 and 100 μmol/L SNP+R groups, VDD and RPF were significantly increased than in ischemia 10 min group .In 1, 10, 100 and 1 000 μmol/L SNP+R groups, APA, APD50 and APD90 were restored to the levels of control group.CONCLUSION:SNP significantly increases the spontaneous activity of left ventricular outflow tract, and relieves the effects of I/R on the sponta-neous slow action potential markedly.

Objective To investigate the effect of long hairpin RNA ( lhRNA) expression vector targeting HBV X gene ( HBx) on replication of hepatitis B virus ( HBV) and gene expression.Methods Four kinds of small interference RNAs ( siRNAs) were synthesized and lhRNA expression vectors targeting HBx were constructed.Four siRNA oligonucleotides and two lhRNA expression vectors were transfected into HepG2.2.15 cells.HBsAg, HBV DNA in culture supernatants and HBx mRNA in HepG2.2.15 cells were detected by time-resolved immunofluorometric assay, real-time quantitative PCR, and reverse transcription PCR, respectively.Negative sequence group or empty vector group was taken as the control.Independent-samples t test was performed to evaluate the inhibition effect on replication of HBV and gene expression. Results Compared with the negative control, HBsAg, HBV DNA level in culture supernatants and HBx mRNA in HepG2.2.15 cells were significantly decreased after siRNA-1 and siRNA-4 transfected at high concentrations (60 nmol/L or 90 nmol/L) (P<0.05), especially the HBsAg and HBV DNA levels in the siRNA-1 transfection group, which were significantly decreased at 24, 48 and 72 h after transfection ( P<0.05 or P <0.01 ) . Two lhRNA expression vectors ( pMD-HBxlh1 and pMD-HBxlh4 ) were successfully constructed and transfected into HepG2.2.15 cells, HBsAg and HBV DNA level in transfected cells was significantly lower than those in negative control (P<0.05).Conclusion The novel siRNA-1 is confirmed to target HBx gene and lhRNA expression vector targeting HBx can effectively inhibit the replication of HBV and expression of HBV gene.

BACKGROUND:A newly developed calcium phosphate/β-tricalcium phosphate composite bone cement with a negative surface charge (genex?) has been reported to possess osteoinductivity properties. However, to our knowledge, no previous literatures have reported genex? for vertebroplasty in the osteoporotic spine.
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the biomechanical properties and osteogenesis of vertebral bodies injected with genex? cement in a rabbit vertebroplasty defect model.
METHODS:Thirty New Zealand rabbits were used to establish osteoporosis models. Four weeks after modeling, model rabbits had an iatrogenical y created cavitary lesion at L 3 and L 5 and were injected with either genex? cement (experimental group) or polymethyl methacrylate bone cement (control group). The L 1 vertebral body served as model group without treatment. After 3 and 6 months, 15 rats from each group were executed respectively, and three vertebral samples were taken for Micro-CT analysis and biomechanical tests.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) The Micro-CT showed better three-dimensional structure parameters of the trabecular bone in the experimental group than the control group (P<0.05) after 3 months, which however had no difference from the model group (P>0.05). After 6 months, the structure parameters in the experimental group were superior to those in the control and model groups (P<0.05). (2) After 3 months, the vertebral body compression strength of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05), but higher than that in the model group (P<0.05). The vertebral stiffness of the experimental group was lower than that in control and model groups (P<0.05). After 6 months, the vertebral body compression strength of the experimental group was not different from that of the control group (P>0.05), but stil higher than that of the model group (P<0.05). The vertebral stiffness showed no difference between three groups (P>0.05). These findings indicate that genex? cement can rapidly repair osteoporotic vertebral defects and improve the bone strength. Verterbroplasty with genex? cement has adequate osteoinductivity, biocompatibility, and adequate compressive strength.

Objective To investigate the X-ray and CT features of anterior mediastinal lymphoma.Methods 11 cases with lymphoma of anterior mediastinal confirmed by pathology were collected,the X-ray and CT features were reviewed.Results The tumors in all cases appeared as anterior mediastinal tumor,among them,the tumors in six cases grew at anterior mediastinum bilaterally and in five cases at one-side.There were soft tissue nodi around tumor in eleven cases,superior vena cava were involved in 6,neighborhood blood vessel embed by tumors in 5,pleural effusion could be seen in 3,combined with hydropericardium in one.Conclusion The anterior mediastinal lymphomas have certain imaging characteristics,most of them can be distinguish from other anterior mediastinal malignant tumors if one analysing their imaging features carefuly.

Objective To evaluate the effects of strict dietary salt restriction on blood pressure and proteinuria in chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) patients. Methods From October 2007 to April 2009, 32 CGN inpatients were enrolled. Among them, 15 patients followed a strict dietary salt restriction menu (sodium 100 mmol/d, potassium 50 mmol/d, protein (0. 8-1. 0) g · kg~(-1) · d~(-1) , calorie (105-125) KJ · kg~(-1) · d~(-1) ) for 7 days, while the other 17 patients were fed freely offered by hospital as controls. 24 h urinary sodium excretion (24h-UNa) was used to monitor the salt intake. No changes of drug therapy were made during the study. Blood pressure was monitored every day. 24-hour urinary protein and serum biochemical parameter were measured before and after the study. Results There was no significant difference of baseline 24h-UNa between the two groups [(135.1 ±50.4) mmol/d vs (137.4 ±28.6) mmol/d) ]. During the study, the average 24h-UNa of patients with strict dietary intervention was (97. 2 ± 8.6) mmol/d. Both SBP [ (117. 7 ± 10. 0) mm Hg( 1 mm Hg=0. 133 kPa) vs (106.2 ±9.9) mm Hg] and DBP [ (76. 3 ± 6. 1 ) mm Hg vs (67. 5 ± 5. 5 ) mm Hg] decreased significantly ( P < 0. 001 ) . Proteinuria decreased significantly too [ 1. 57 (0. 3-3. 0) g/d vs 0. 57 (0. 16-2. 72) g/d,P = 0. 006]. The reduction of SBP was positively correlated with the reduction of 24h-UNa (r =0. 572, P =0. 026) , while the reduction of proteinuria correlated with both the reduction of SBP (r = 0. 568, P = 0. 027) and 24h-UNa (r =0. 525, P =0. 044). In the control group, only SBP decreased significantly [ ( 122. 6 ± 15. 5) mm Hg vs (115.8 ±10.4) mm Hg, P = 0.02] without significant changes of DBP and proteinuria When comparing the subgroups who took ACEI/ARB from both groups, the reduction of proteinuria wasmore prominent of those from the study group than the control group [ - 0. 4 ( -0. 95-0. 07) vs 0. 07 ( - 0. 39-0. 42), P = 0. 014 ]. Conclusion Strict dietary salt restriction is effective in reducing blood pressure and proteinuria in CGN patients.

Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of the changes of microalbunminuria(MAU) levels in mechanical ventilated patients with severe pneumonia. Methods According to the ratio between the microalbunminuria and the urine creatinine (MAU/CR) (ACR), setting 25mg/mmol as the threshold, 78 mechanical ventilated patients with severe pneumonia were divided into two groups :ACR increasing group and ACR Non-increasing group,then the clinical significance of changes of MAU levels in 72 hours on prognosis of these patients was observed. Results MAU increased in 64 cases(82. 1%) ,of which 46 cases in ACR increasing group and 18 cases in ACR non-increasing group. There showed statistically significant differences on APACHE Ⅱ score, CPIS score,PCT、the success of getting out of mechanical ventilation and the mortality between two groups, (t = 3.50、2. 19 、x~2 = 3. 95、6. 70、5.38 ,P = 0.01,0.03,0.04,0.01,0.02, all P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion Changes of MAU levels have the clinical significance on prognosis of the mechanical ventilated patients with severe pneumonia.