Objective To investigate the possibility that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) differentiated into neuron-like cells induced by ganglioside in vitro.Methods BMSCs were separated, cultured and differentiate into neuron-like cells induced by ganglioside. Neuro-specific enolase (NSE) and neurofilament (NF) on the surface of differentiated and induced BMSCs were detected by immunocytochemistry.Results BMSCs were induced to differentiate into the cells with a typical neuronal morphology. The induced neuron-like cells expressed NSE and NF.Conclusion BMSCs can be differentiated into neuron-like cells by induction of ganglioside in vitro.

Earthquake can result in a large number of patients with spinal cord injury(SCI).The unique characteristic of spine trauma with SCI leads to challenges in the search-and-rescue phase and early trauma care for these patients.Rescue workers should be aware of the importance of spinal immobilization in people who is suspected of SCI.Special considerations are indicated for children less than 7 years old.The ABCs should be implemented as a primary resuscitative effort.Acute respiratory and hemodynamic failure after SCI should also require careful management at the scene.All efforts are aimed primarily at reducing the morbidity associated with acute SCI and increasing the survival rate of patients with SCI.

Respiratory dysfunction is the primary cause of death early after cervical spinal cord injury, and it can be restored by electrical stimulation, magnetic stimulation, nerve transfer surgery, and cell transplantation. This paper reviewed the anatomy, clinical manifestations,and associated restoration techniques of respiratory muscle dysfunction after cervical spinal cord injury.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of intravertebral augmentation which including transpedicular bone graft, transpediclebody augmenter and vertebroplasty in preventing the correction loss and implant failure of short-segment pedicle instrumentation for thoracolumbarfractures through meta-analysis. Methods Experimental studies (randomized controlled trails, non-randomized controlled trails)and observational studies (cohort studies, case control studies) related with application of posterior short-segment pedicle instrumentationwith intravertebral augmentation for thoracolumbar fractures were searched from Pubmed, EMBASE and CNKI according to the inclusionand exclusion criteria, and hand-searched in Chinese and English journals. RevMan 5.0.18 provided by Cochrane was used to analyse the data.Results 1 randomized controlled trail and 7 observational studies were included. There were 442 patients, in which 216 patients werewith and 226 patients without intravertebral augmentation. There was no significant difference in correction loss and risk of implant failurebetween these two groups. Conclusion Intravertebral augmentation does little about the risk of correction loss and implant failure associatedwith posterior short-segment pedicle instrumention for patients with thoraculumbar fractures.

Objective To investigate the effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on the synthesis of extracellular matrixc (ECM)and expression of chondromodulin in human intervertebral disc cells. Methods 4 intervertebral discs (IVDs) obtained from patients in thetreatment of disc degenerative disease were used for cell culture. The secondary generation of intervertebral disc cells were cultured for 7days, then different concentration of bFGF (0, 0.1 ng/ml, 1 ng/ml, 10 ng/ml)were added to the medium and treated for 72 hours. Real-timeRT-PCR was used to detect the change of Aggrecan and type Ⅱ collagen mRNA expression. The effect of FGF on the expression of ChM-1,a cartilage derived anti-angiogenic factor, was also used by means of Real-time RT-PCR and Western blot. Results Real-time RT-PCRshowed that bFGF can significantly inhibit the expression of Aggrecan and type Ⅱ collagen mRNA. Both Real-time RT-PCR and Westernblot showed that the expression of ChM-1 was down-regulated by administration of bFGF with dose-dependent way. Conclusion bFGFserves primarily as a catabolic factor and induce the angiogenesis in the process of intervertebral disc degeneration.

Objective To explore the factors related with bladder function after surgical intervention in patients with first lumbar burst fractures uniting isolated conus medullaris syndrome (CMS). Methods 25 patients complicated CMS in 618 patients with Ｌ1 burst fracture were analyzed retrospectively. Results The recovery rate of patients with saddle sensation weakness was higher than the patients with saddle sensation disappeared (P<0.05). There was no difference in bladder function between patients accepted surgery within 2 weeks and more than 2 weeks (P>0.05). Conclusion Saddle sensation before surgery related with the recovery of bladder function.

Objective To explore the effects of rehabilitation for adult cervical spinal cord injury without radiological abnormality. Methods 80 patients were studied retrospectively. Results The increase of motor score of anterior, posterior and conservative group were around 5, 2 and 2, whereas that of FIM were 11, 17 and 15, respectively. The changes of sensory score were uncertain.Conclusion The effect of surgical or conservative treatment is limited on neurological recovery, while rehabilitation can bring more functional independence to patients with cervical spinal cord injury without radiological abnormality.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic performance of preoperative multi b values of DWI and ADC for the prediction of extrathyroidal extension (ETE) of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).Methods Between January 2013 and February 2017,MR images including dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging (DCE-MRI) and DWI images of 81 patients diagnosed as papillary thyroid carcinoma in the Affiliated Renmin Hospital of Jiangsu University were retrospectively analyzed.ADC values were measured on solid regions of tumors.The differences of ADC were compared between tumors with total ETE(minimal ETE,extensive ETE) and without ETE by independent-samples t test.Results When b=500 s/mm2,ADC values of PTCs with ETE[(1.27±0.17)× 10-3mm2/s]were significantly lower than those from PTCs without ETE [(2.12±0.72)× 10-3mm2/s,(t=9.126,P=0.000)].ADC values of PTCs with extensive ETE[(1.23±0.17)× 10-3mm2/s] were significantly lower than those from PTCs with minimal ETE[(1.29±0.16)× 10-3mm2/s,(t=1.467,P=0.147)].When b=500 s/mm2,the cutoff value of ADC to discriminate PTCs with and without ETE was 1.530×10-3 mm2/s with a sensitivity of 69.0％,specificity of 93.7％,positive predictive value of 77.6％,negative predictive of 77.5％ and ROC curve area of 0.887.Conclusion ADC values of the solid tumor tissue of PTC with ETE are significantly lower than those of PTC without ETE.DWI may be helpful in the determination of thyroid papillary carcinoma ETE.

Objective To investigate the causes and preventive measures for deviation of guide needle in orthopedics robot surgery.Methods A robotic surgery was simulated on a wooden stick.The guide needle was inserted under the guidance of the robot.A lateral deviation force was applied respectively onto the tail and tip of the needle.The actual offset distance at the guide needle tip was measured and compared with the 1mm offset allowed by robot monitoring.Results The offset distance of the guide needle tip was 0,5+0.07 mm when the deviation force was applied onto the tail,significantly smaller than the 1 mm offset allowed by the robot monitoring(l=22.588,P<0.001).The offset distance of the guide needle tip was 4.92+0.16 mm when the deviation force was applied onto the tip,significantly larger than the 1 mm offset allowed by the robot monitoring(t=17.416,P<0.001).Conclusions The deviation of guide needle may be caused chiefly by the deviation force onto the tip.As the actual offset distance of the guide needle tip may be larger than that shown on the robot monitor in orthopedics robotic surgery,the intraoperative monitoring should serve only as a reference to the deviation of the guide needle.The operative details may be the key to prevention of such deviations.