Objective To explore the effect of improved local nerve block anesthesia in correction of nasal septum surgery.Methods One hundred and fifty-one cases of patients with simply received correction of nasal septum surgery were divided into two groups,72 cases with normal local nerve block (normal group),receiving sphenopalatine and anterior ethmoidal nerve block anesthesia; 79 cases with the improved local nerve block (improved group),receiving sphenopalatine,anterior ethmoidal and incisive canal nerve block anesthesia.Two groups of anesthesia success and anesthesia effect were compared.Results The anesthesia success rates of improved group and normal group who were performed correction of nasal septum surgery without removal of the nasal bottom ridge were 100.0％(41/41) and 97.3％ (36/37),there was no significant difference (P＞ 0.05).But for 73 cases who were performed correction of nasal septum surgery with removal of the nasal bottom ridge,the anesthesia success rate in improved group was higher than that in normal group [92.1％(35/38) vs.45.7％(16/35)],there was significant difference (x2 =18.623,P＜ 0.05).Conclusions Based on the distribution characteristics of sensory nerves of the nasal cavity,and combined with endoscopic techniques,the conventional sphenopalatine and anterior ethmoidal nerve block anesthesia is suitable for nasal septum surgery without removal of the nasal bottom ridge and the advanced sphenopalatine,anterior ethmoidal and incisive canal nerve block anesthesia is the first choice for nasal septum surgery with removal of the nasal bottom ridge.

BACKGROUND:Previous studies have demonstrated that transplanted neural stem cells can survive and proliferate in the brain of Alzheimer disease(AD)rats,however,it is poorly understood whether it can rebuild the nerve tracts by substituting the injured or dead neurons and improve learning and memory abilities.Synaptophysin is one of the important markers of synaptic rebuilding.OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of neural stem cell transplantation on synaptophysin expression in hippocampus and learning and memory abilities of AD rats.METHODS:Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into the normal control,AD model,2-week-transplantation and 4-week-transplantation groups.All rats were established AD models except that in the normal control group.Neural stem cells were isolated from the dentate gyrus of hippocampus of newborn rats,labeled with Hoechst33258,and then transplanted into CA1 region of hippocampus of rats in the 2-week-transplantation and 4-week-transplantation groups.The behavioral testing in the rats was performed using Y-maze trial.Nissl staining and synaptophysin immunohistochemistry were detected after the rats were sacrificed.The same volume of stroke-physiological saline solution was injected into rats in the AD models group using the identical methods.There was no treatment in the normal control group.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:①The cells number in the hippocampal CA1 region of the 2-week-transplantation and 4-week-transplantation groups were increased than that of AD model group,but were still less than that of the normal control group(P ＜ 0.05).There was no significantly difference between the absorbance values of 2-or 4-week-transplantation group and control group(P ＞ 0.05).②The absorbance values of the 2-week-transplantation and 4-week-transplantation were significantly greater than that of the control and AD model groups(P ＜ 0.05).③The learning and memory abilities in 2-and 4-week-transplantation group enhanced obviously and their correct reaction rates improved evidently,which was found statistically significant difference from AD model group(P ＜ 0.05),while no statistically significant difference from control group(P ＞ 0.05).The transplanted neural stem cells may promote the synaptic rebuilding and improve learning and memory abilities in AD rats.

AIM:To develop a new identification and analyfical method for Cornu Cervi Pantotrichum . METHODS: Powder X ray diffraction Fourier fingerprint pattern was adopted. RESULTS: The reference X ray diffraction Fourier fingerprint pattern and characteristic diffraction peaks of Cornu Cervi Pantotrichum were obtained by three samples of Cornu Cervi Pantotrichum and one sample of Cornu Cervi Pantotrichum . CONCLUSION: This method can be used for identification of Cornu Cervi Pantotrichum .

Objective To study the relationship between oxidative stress and endothelial progenitor cells(EPCs)count in the first-degree relatives of diabetes mellitus(FDRs).Methods Three groups were evaluated with 40 type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients,38 FDRs and 30 healthy individuals as the control(NC).Fasting plasma glucose(FPG),glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c),TG,TC and fasting plasma insulin concentrations were measured and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance(HOMAIR)was calculated.Quantity of EPCs and flow-mediated dilation(FMD)were evaluated.Malonaldehyde(MDA),glutathion peroxidase(GSH-Px),erythrocuprein(SOD)and total anti-oxidative capacity(TAO-C)were measured.Results In T2DM group FPG[(7.86 ±0.77)mmol/L]and HbA1c[(7.24 ±0.20)％]were significantly higher than those in NC[FPG(4.90 ± 0.35)mmol/L,HbA1 c(5.34 ± 0.37)％]and FDRsgroup[FPG(5.13±0.95)mmol/L,HbA1c(5.36 ±0.36)％](all P values ＜0.05).TC in T2DM group[(5.88 ±0.76)mmol/L]was higher than in NC[(4.66±0.90)mmol/L]and FDRs [(4.95 ± 0.76)mmol/L].HOMA-IR was 0.48 ± 0.25 in NC,0.81 ± 0.46 in FDRs and 1.47 ± 0.24 in T2DM group,P ＜ 0.01.In T2DM group,the plasma levels of SOD[(69.30 ± 2.21)U/ml],TAO-C [(7.30 ± 0.29)U/ml]and GSH-Px[(856.5 ± 9.01)U/ml]were significantly lower than those in NC [SOD(75.33 ±3.63)U/ml,TAO-C(8.17 ±0.58)U/ml and GSH-Px(938.1 ± 19.35)U/ml]and FDRs group[SOD(74.91 ±4.53)U/ml,TAO-C(8.24 ±0.46)U/ml and GSH-Px(936.9 ± 15.78)U/ml](all P values ＜ 0.01).Serum level of MDA was(2.87 ± 0.63)μmol/L in NC,(3.28 ± 0.71)μmol/L in FDRs and(3.69 ± 0.39)μmol/L in T2DM group(P ＜ 0.01).The quantity of EPCs and FMD％ were 96.75 ±8.11 and 8.36 ± 2.21 in NC,83.34 ± 12.43 and 6.78 ± 0.98 in FDRs and 58.45 ± 7.58 and 2.86 ± 0.35 in T2DM group with statistical differences between different groups(all P values ＜ 0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that lnHOMA-IR was positively correlated with MDA(r =0.486,P ＜0.05)and negatively correlated with SOD,TAO-C,GSH-Px(r =-0.426,-0.601,-0.524,all P values ＜ 0.05)in FDRs group.Conclusions Insulin resistance,oxidative stress,decreased quantity of EPCs and impairment of endovascular function have already occurred in the FDRs of T2DM with normal glucose tolerance and they are correlated with each other.

ObjectiveTo analyze the association of HLA-DQA1 gene polymorphism with persistent Chlamydia trachomatis genital infection.Methods Blood samples were collected from 80 patients with persistent genital Chlamydial infection,80 patients with common genital Chlamydial infection(who tested negative for Chlamydia trachomatis after one course of standard systemic treatment) and 80 normal human controls.HLA-DQA1 alleles were genotyped by PCR followed by gene sequencing.ResultsThe frequency of HLA-DQA1*0102 allele and HLA-DQA1*0501 allele was 22.5％ and 5.0％ respectively in patients with persistent genital Chlamydial infection,5％ and 20％ respectively in those with common genital Chlamydial infection,2.5％ and 17.5％ respectively in normal human controls.Compared with the patients with common genital Chlamydial infection and controls,the patients with persistent genital Chlamydial infection had a higher frequency of HLA-DQA1*0102(x2 =14.6286,P ＜ 0.001 ),but a lower frequency of DQA1*0501 (x2 =6.2598,P ＜ 0.05).ConclusionsHLA-DQA1*0102 allele may be a susceptible gene or closely linked with the susceptible genes of persistent genital Chlamydial infection.HLA-DQA1*0501 allele may have protective effects against persistent genital Chlamydial infection.

Objective To investigate the effect of raloxifene on the mRNA expression of endothelin-1 in vascular endothelial cells and assess the role of estrogen receptor. Methods Bovine carotid endothelial cells were pretreated with 10nM raloxifene for 24 hours, then total RNA was harvested and Northern blotting was performed to investigate the effect of raloxifene on the mRNA expression of endothelin-1. Furthermore, estrogen receptor inhibitor, 100nM ICI 182 780 was used to pretreat the cells together with raloxifene and the expression of endothelin-1 was observed too. Results The mRNA expression of endothelin-1 in bovine carotid endothelial cells was inhibited significantly by pretreatment with raloxifene and this effect could be blocked by ICI182 780 (0.16?0.05 vs 0.39?0.07, P

This study was aimed to observe the clinical efficacy of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) combined withPing-Ai(PA) Mixture in the treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients with non-infectious skin lesions, in order to study the advantages of integrative medicine in AIDS prevention and treatment. A total of 9 cases, who met the inclusion criteria of AIDS-associated non-infectious skin lesion with the pattern ofqi-yin deficiency and internal obstruction of phlegm-stasis, were selected. The combination of HAART and number 1 and 4 prescription of PA Mixture were used in the treatment for 3 months. The observations were made on changes of clinical symptoms, body signs, Karovsky integral and CD4+ T cells of patients before and after treatment. Stata 12.0 was used in the statistical analysis. The results showed that after integrative therapy, the single integral of clinical symptoms and body signs, such as skin spot papula, subcutaneous nodules, skin itching, fatigue was obviously reduced compared to that of the pretreatment. The total score decreased than that of the pretreatment. The patients’ quality of life (QOL) significantly increased. The Karovsky integral increased compared with that of pretreatment. The CD4+ T cells values were higher than that of the pretreatment. It was concluded that the integrative therapy had a certain effect in the treatment of AIDS-associated non-infectious skin lesions, which can improve the clinical symptoms, body signs, obviously increase the patients’ QOL and immune function.

Objective To compare the clinical values of impedance method,optical method and microscopy when used to detect platelet abnormal results.Methods Platelet re-examinations by optical method and microscopy were carried out in case of low confidence degree in platelet test with impedance method by XE-2100 automatic hematology analyzer,and then the results by the three methods were compared.Results Most of the low-confidence-degree results by impedance method could be corrected by re-examination by optical method,and the remained had to turn to microscopy due to unsatisfied requirements of the instrument.Conclusion Optical method has to be involved to correct the platelet abnormal results by XE2100 automatic hematology analyzer,and microscopy should be applied in case optical method doesn't work.The three methods gains advantages and disadvantages of themselves,and can be supplementaries for one another.

Objective: To develop a new identification and analysis method of crude drug Pheretima . Method: Powders of pheretima were identified by means of X ray differacion Fourier pattern. Results: Experiments and analysis were carried out on five samples of pheretima. The standard X ray diffraction Fourier pattern and characteristic diffraction peaks of Pheretima were obtained.Conclusion: This method can be used for identification on crude drug Pheretima .

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of the Chinese Children′s Leukemia Group (CCLG) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) 2008 protocol (CCLG-ALL 2008) in the treatment of children′s T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). Methods: Clinical characteristics and outcomes of 84 newly diagnosed T-ALL children (63 males and 21 females) treated with CCLG-ALL 2008 protocol from April 2008 to April 2015 in the Department of Pediatric Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences were analyzed retrospectively. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to evaluate the overall survival (OS) and event free survival (EFS), and COX regression was used to evaluate the influencing factors of OS and EFS. Results: (1) Baseline data: 84 children were included, 56 cases (67%) of children were younger than 10 years old. Patients whose white blood cell count≥50×10⁹/L ranked 70% (59/84). Karyotype: 58% (49/84) with normal karyotype, 10% (8/84) with abnormality of chromosome 11, 8%(7/84) with abnormality of chromosome 9, 2%(2/84) with abnormality in both chromosome 11 and chromosome 9, 8% (7/84) with other complex karyotypes. Fusion gene: 33%(28/84) were SIL-TAL1 positive. The patients were grouped by CCLG-ALL 2008 risk score, 40% (34/84) were in the intermediate risk group and 60% (50/84) in the high risk group. (2) Treatment efficacy: 84 cases were followed up until May 30, 2018. The follow-up time was 42.0 (0.3-120.0) months. The sensitivity rate of prednisone treatment was 56% (47/84); the complete response (CR) rate after the induction therapy of vincristine+daunoblastina+L-asparaginase+dexamethasone (VDLD)(d 33) was 88% (74/84); the total CR rate after VDLD induction combined with cyclophosphamide+cytarabine+6-mercaptopurine (CAM) treatment (d80) was 94% (79/84); the recurrence rate was 24% (20/84). Among the 20 recurrent cases, there were 13 cases (65%) with ultra-early recurrence (within 18 months after diagnosis), 6 cases (30%) with early recurrence (18 to 36 months after diagnosis); 1 patient (5%) with late recurrence (over 36 months after diagnosis). During the follow-up period, twenty-eight children (33%) died (22 cases with recurrence or suspending treatment without remission, 2 cases with infection, 1 case of sudden death in chemotherapy, 1 patient failed in transplantation, 1 patient with severe cirrhosis, and 1 patient with unknown cause). (3) Kaplan-Meier analysis: the 5-year OS and EFS of the 84 children were (63±6)% and (60±6)% respectively. (4) Efficacy in different risk groups: prednisone sensitivity rates in the two different risk groups were 100% (34/34) and 26% (13/50), respectively (χ²=3.237, P<0.05). The CR rates at the end of VDLD induction therapy (d 33) were 100% (34/34) and 80% (40/50), respectively (χ²=2.767, P<0.05). The recurrence rate of children in the two groups was 12% (4/34) and 32% (16/50), respectively (χ²=4.245, P<0.05).The mortality rates of the two groups were 21% (7/34) and 42% (21/50), respectively (χ²=3.198, P<0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the 5-year OS of the two groups were (77±7)% and (53±8)%; and the 5-year EFS of the two groups were (75±8)% and (49±8)% (χ²=4.235, 3.875, both P<0.05) . (5) COX multivariate regression analysis showed that the classification of risk according to CCLG-ALL 2008 was an important factor influencing the prognosis of children with T-ALL (OR=3.313, 95% CI 1.165-9.422, P=0.025). Conclusions The results of the risk group treatment according to the CCLG-ALL 2008 protocol showed that the long-term survival of children with middle risk was significantly better than that of children at high risk.