Objective To investigate the protective effects of Platycodon grandiflorum total saponins (PGTS) on acute lung injury (ALI) in rats and the related mechanisms.Methods Total of 60 SD rats were randomly (random number) divided into control group,model group,low-,middle-and high-dose PGTS group,and dexamethasone group,10 rats in each group.The latter 4 groups and dexamethasone group were injected with 50,100,200 mg/kg PGTS and 5 mg/kg dexamethasone,respectively.After 1 h,the latter 5 groups were intraperitoneally injected with mg/kg LPS to establish the ALI model.The clinical symptoms of the rats were observed.After 12 h,the arterial PaO2 and PaCO2,serum TNF-α and IL-10 level,lung wet/dry weight ratio (W/D),lung tissue SOD,GSH-Px and MDA level and NF-κB protein expression were determined.Results Rats in model group manifested noticeable symptoms of acute lung injury (ALI) and lung tissue lesions.In treatment group with appropriate PGTS dose,ALI symptoms and lung lesions were significantly alleviated,arterial PaO2 was markedly increased (P ＜ 0.05),PaCO2 was decreased obviously (P ＜ 0.05),serum TNF-α level was prominently decreased (P ＜ 0.05),IL-10 level was strikingly decreased (P ＜ 0.05),lung W/D ratio was significantly decreased (P ＜0.05),lung tissue SOD and GSH-Px level were distincdy increased (P ＜0.05),MDA was clearly decreased (P ＜ 0.05),and NF-κB protein expression was plainly decreased (P ＜ 0.05),compared with model group.Conclusions PGTS has undoubted protective effects on acute lung injury induced by LPS in rats.The mechanism may be associated with its role of anti-inflammation,anti-lipid peroxidation and down regulation of NF-κB protein level in lung tissue.

OBJECTIVETo compare the efficacy difference between's flying acupuncture combined with conventional treatment and conventional treatment alone on acute cerebral infarction hemiplegia.

METHODSA total of 120 patients were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 60 cases in each one. The control group was treated with conventional treatment, including anti-platelet aggregation, lipid-lowering, formula of traditional Chinese medicine which could promote circulation and remove stasis, neurotrophic medication and symptomatic treatment; mannitol was used for cerebral infarction with large area or increased intracranial pressure. Based on the conventional treatment applied in the control group, the observation group was treated with flying acupuncture at the affected Jianyu (LI 15), Quchi (LI 11), Shousanli (LI 10), Waiguan (TE 5), Hegu (LI 4), Huantiao (GB 30), Biguan (ST 31), Futu (ST 32), Zusanli (ST 36), etc. The treatment was given once a day, six days per week, for totally 2 weeks. The simplified Fugl-Meyer score, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and ADL-Bathel index (BI) score were evaluated before and after treatment in the two groups.

RESULTSAfter the treatment, the simplified Fugl-Meyer and BI were significantly increased in both groups (all<0.05), which was significantly higher in the observation group (both<0.05); after the treatment, the NIHSS was significantly lowered in both groups (both<0.05), which was significantly lower in the observation group (<0.05).

CONCLUSION 's flying acupuncture combined with conventional treatment were effective for acute cerebral infarction hemiplegia, which have better efficacy than conventional treatment on improving motor function, neurological deficit and daily living ability, and the pain is mild.

Objective: Through the study of angiotensinⅡ- type 2 receptor agonist (AT2R) after pretreatment of mechanical ventilation lung injury (VILI) in rats model, to clarify the role of angiotensin Ⅱ - type 2 receptor agonist (C21) in alleviating VILI inflammation and the damage of immune function and its possible mechanism. Methods: In this experiment, the acute lung injury model was established by mechanical spring-volume ventilation in SD rats, and C21 pretreatment was performed to observe the pathological condition of lung tissue in rats with different ventilation duration, and to detect the inflammatory changes of BALF lavage fluid. Flow cytometry was used to detect the CD68+/iNOS+ labeled M1 type AMφ and the CD68+/Arg-1+ labeled M2 type AMφ in alveolar lavage fluid. Results: The mechanical VILI rat model was successfully established. The pathological injury score of the mechanical ventilation 4 h model, the wet/dry weight of lung tissue, the number of cells and protein in BALF lavage fluid were increased significantly, the levels of TNF-α and IL - 1 were increased significantly, the levels of IL-4 and IL-10 were decreased significantly, and the level of inflammatory reaction decreased with the increase of ventilation time. The M1/M2 ratio in the 4 h ventilation model group was the highest, which was significantly different from the control group (P<0.05). Compared to the model group, the C21 pretreatment significantly reduced the levels of proinflammatory factors TNF-αand IL-1, and increased the levels of anti-inflammatory factors IL-4 and IL-10 in BALF (P<0.01). After the intervention of AT2R agonist at 4 h, 6 h and 8 h, the M1/M2 ratio of the model was lower than that of the model without AT2R agonist at 4 h, 6 h and 8 h. Conclusion Mechanical ventilation for 4 h in SD rats can establish a mechanical ventilation lung injury model. AT2R agonist C21 can promote the polarization of macrophages to m2-type, and C21 pretreatment may alleviate VILI inflammation and immune damage by altering the polarization of macrophages.