Objective To investigate the clinical value of multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT)in diagnosis of internal abdominal hernia (IAH).Methods The MSCT findings in 1 5 patients with IAH confirmed by surgery were retrospectively analyzed.Results MSCT showed intestinal obstruction in 14 patients with strangulating intestinal obstruction in 8.The typical features of MSCT were as follows:translocated position of intestines (occupying effect),closed loop intestinal obstruction (gathered intestinal loops with different forms),assembled,expanded and translocated blood vessels of mesenteries,and thickened intestinal walls with ischemic edema and abnormal density.Surgical results showed paraduodenal hernia in 2,transomental hernia in 2,transmesenteric hernia in 5,ankylenteron strap hernias in 4,pericecal hernia in 1 and hernia through the Douglas fossa in 1,Intestinal obstruction in 14 and strangulating intestinal obstruction in 8 were also confirmed by surgery.The CT findings of IAH were correlated with the surgical results,and the accurate rate of grading of intestinal obstruction with CT was also consistent with the surgical results (Kappa=0.758,t=3.462,P=0.001).Conclusion IAH can be diagnosed accurately by MSCT in most patients,MSCT is helpful for guiding the surgical programs.

Objective To summarize overlapping tissue expansion of neck without platysma in repairing maxillofacial and neck scar contracture deformity.Methods Two expanders were buried in the same soft tissue pocket superficially to the platysma in an overlapping pattern,water injection were on schedule,and secondary operation was performed after 4 to 6 weeks.Results 16 cases of maxillofacial and neck scar contracture deformities were treated with overlapping tissue expansion of neck without platysma since 2004.Good results were achieved except one case of expander exposure,but the final resuit was good after suitable treatment.Conclusion The overlapping tissue expansion technique can provide much more expanded tissue and reduce complications compared with the traditional expansion technique,especially using overlapping tissue expansion of neck without platysma for repairing the defects at the maxillofacial and cervical region.

Objective To label rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells with superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) and to explore the tropism of BMSCs for hepatocellular carcinoma cells after transplantation in vivo. Methods BMSCs from bone marrow of Sprague-Dawly (SD) rats were cultured isolated and purified, Labeled BMSCs was achieved using Feridex. Twenty-four hepatocellular carcinoma models of SD rats were induced two weeks before tmnsplantation. The models were divided into three groups in random: the labeled BMSCs and unlabeled BMSCs were transplanted respectively into the rat's livers of experimental group (n = 12) and control group A(n =6) via spleens, and no transplant was done for control group B (n =6). MR imaging was performed to monitor the transplanted cells after 1,3,7,14 d using 1.5 T MR system. Signal intensity ratio (SI/SI*) between tumor and hepatic tissue on T_2 * WI were measured and compared by one-factor analysis of variance. After MR imaging, Prussian blue staining was performed. MR imaging findings were compared with histological sections. Results Prussian blue staining confirmed the labeling efficiency of BMSCs was above 90%. SI/SI* of experimental group before and 1, 3, 7, 14 d after transplantation were 3.18±0.21,1.98±0.20,2.38±0.28,2.70±0.25 and 3.16±0.24 respectively. Following transplantation of BMSCs, signal intensity decrease was found in hepatocellular carcinoma of experimental group(F =56.65,P <0.05) and low signal change decreased gradually and disappeared at two weeks after transplantation, while no remarkable low signal change was seen in the control group by T_2 * WI (P > 0.05). A large number of Prussian blue staining positive cells were found in hepatocellular carcinoma in experimental group. Histological section with Prussian blue staining had a good correlation with the signal intensity changes on MR images at different time. Conclusion BMSCs display significant tropism to hepatocellular carcinoma and may be an ideal gene therapy vehicle against hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of face scar deformity by small-capacity tissue expansion. Methods A small-capacity expander of 10~100 ml was implanted into the hypoderm, and then regular affusion was made with injection pot outside or inside. After expanding for four weeks to eight weeks, the expander was removed and the removing wound surface of scar was repaired with flap. Results After clinical application in 32 cases, there were complications such as infection and expander's exposure occurred in two cases, but the final result was good after suitable treatment. All cases were satisfied with unclear scar after 6 to 36 months’ follow-up. Conclusions Positive cosmetic effect can be received with small-capacity tissue expansion.

Objective To examine the detection rate of 30 known virulence factors (VFs) of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli(ExPEC), and to investigates the epidemiology of ExPEC in elderly nosocomial infection. Methods A to?tal of 140 ExPEC clinical isolates from elderly nosocomial patients in hospitals in Tianjin were investigated. Multiplex PCR was performed to detect the 30 virulence factors among the E.coli strains and the detection rate of virulence factors for Ex?PEC were compared between isolates from different sites of infection.Fifty E. coli strains were shown to carry fimH gene that was amplified and sequenced. These sequences were used besides3 references strains (CFT037、UTI89 and K-12 ) to detect SNPs of fimH gene using DNAMAN Version 6.0.3.93 these 53 fimH sequences were used for genotyping and building dendrogram by MEGA4 software. Results In ExPEC, the following virulence factor genes, fimH, traT, fyuA, iutA and kpsMT II, had a higher detection rate than those of the rest . The following virulence factor genes, kpsMT II, K5, papC, pa?pEF ,papG allele II (Internal), papA, cnf1 (CNF), sfa/focDE and rfc had a a higher detectionrate from non-urine origin sam?ples than those from urine origin samples. fimH SNPs analysis of the 50 clinical isolated samples and 3 references samples showed 60 SNPs at 57 polymorphic sites. The fimH SNPs analysis classified the 53 strains into 25 genotype. The genetic fin?gerprintings of 11 isolates were exactly the same. Conclusion Many kinds of virulence factors can be found in ExPEC of el?derly nosocomial infection. The ExPEC strain isolated from non-urine origin had a stronger pathogenicity than those from urine-origin specimens. fimH SNPs analysis is suitable for molecular epidemiological investigation of ExPEC in hospital.

Objective To investigate the adhesion levels in uropathogenic Escherichia coli with various degree of drug resistance.Methods One hundred strains of Escherichia coli isolated from urine specimen were collected from patients admitted to 4 Grade A tertiary hospitals in Tianjin during March 2012 to October 2015.Escherichia coli were divided into drug sensitive group and drug resistant group by drug sensitivity tests with 50 strains in each group.The expressions of fimH,fimA,fimB genes of type I fimbriae and papA,papB,papC,papGII genes of P fimbriae were detected by polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and real-time fluorescence quantitative RCR (RT-PCR),respectively.Adhesion ability of type I fimbriae and P fimbriae were tested by yeast cell adhesion test and erythrocyte agglutination test.Chi square test and t(Z) test were used to analyze the data.Results The positive rate of papGII in drug resistant group (42.0%) was significantly higher than that in the drug sensitive group (16.0%)(χ2 =8.208,P <0.05),while there were no significant differences in the positive rates of fimH,fimA,fimB,papA,papB and papC genes between two groups(all P >0.05).The expression levels of fimH,fimB and papC genes in the sensitive group were higher than those in the resistant group(Z =3.427,t =5.182 and 8.120,all P <0.05).The adhesion ability of strains carrying type I fimbriae in sensitive group was stronger than that of resistant group (χ2 =5.769,P <0.05).Conclusions The decline in adhesion ability of type I fimbriae in drug resistant E.coli strains is possibly associated with the adaptive cost of bacteria,the transcription and deficiency of other genes encoded by fim and pap gene cluster will also affect the adhesion function of type I pili and type P pili.

Objective To explore the multi-modal MRI characteristics of breast cancers in dense breasts.Methods 120 patients with breast cancer shown on mammography underwent breast MRI,which were solitary and confirmed by pathological examination. According to the BI-RADS classification of breast,the 120 cases were divided into two groups including dense type breast and non-dense type one.The differences in morphological features,ADC values (b=1 000 s/mm2 )and time-signal intensity curve (TIC)of the lesions between two groups were analyzed and compared.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS1 6.0.Results The breast cancers in dense breast were vulnerable to have a spiculated margin (44/68 in the dense breast group vs.1 6/52 in the non-dense breast group,P =0.000).The size of the lesion in dense breast (1.83 ±0.98)cm was bigger than that in non-dense breast (1.40±0.46)cm (P =0.005).The non-mass-like enhancement of the lesion in dense breast was much more than that in non-dense breast (P =0.000).In addition,the average ADC values of the lesion in dense breast (0.89±0.12)×10 -3 mm2/s were lower than in non-dense breast (0.95±0.10)×10 -3 mm2/s(P =0.01 6).Conclusion The breast cancer in the dense breast has different MRI findings in comparison with non-dense breast.

Objective To explore changes of metabolites in APP/ PS1 double transgenie mice of Alzbeimer disease (AD) by 1H-MR spectroscopy (1H-MRS) and the application value of in early diagnosis of AD.Methods 1H-MRS was performed in 35 APP/PS1 transgenie mice of AD ( study group) and 20 wild type mice ( control group) at age of 3, 6 and 9 months using a 7.0 T MR system.Sub-peak areas of N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), myo-inositol (mI) and creatine (Cr) in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus were measured, and the NAA/Cr and mI/Cr ratios were calculated.The changes in pathology between the two groups were compared.Using the lower limit of 95% confidence interval (CI) of the ml/Cr ratio and the upper limit of 95% CI of the NAA/Cr ratio of AD mice as the threshold, their influences on sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of various age groups of AD animals were compared.Comparison of the 1H-MRS indexes between study mice and wild type mice at each time point were conducted by a two-sample t test.Results The mean mI/Cr ratios of AD mice were 0.68± 0.03, 0.72± 0.04, and 0.77 ± 0.04 respectively at 3, 6 and 9 months of age; while they were 0.63 ± 0.04, 0.64 ± 0.03, and 0.64 ± 0.04 respoetively in control group, the difference was significant ( t = 2.814, 5.146, 14.437, P < 0.01 ).Compared with the control group, the mI/Cr ratio of the 3-month-old AD mice of the study group was significantly increased,and histological examination showed proliferation and activation of neuroglial cells in the cerebral cortex and hippoeampus.The mean NAA/Cr ratio were 1.17 ±0.08, 1.04 ±0.05, and 0.90 ±0.05 respectively at 3,6 and 9 months of age in study group, while they were 1.18 ±0.07, 1.16 ±0.07, and 1.18 ±0.08respectively in control group.There were no significant difference ( t = 0.752, P > 0.05 ) between the study group and control group at 3 months of age, and the NAA/Cr ratio decreased significantly only at 6 and 9 months of age ( t = - 8.514, - 5.646, P < 0.01 ).The immunohistochemical exam demonstrated the appearance of Aβ plaque.According to threshold of mI/Cr, the sensitivity of AD mice of 3, 6 and 9 months of age was 80% (28/35), 84% ( 26/31 ) and 85% ( 23/27 ), and the specificity was 85% ( 17/20 ),94% (17/18) and 100% ( 16/16), and the accuracy was 82% (45/55), 88% (43/49) and 91% (39/43),respectively.For NAA/Cr, the sensitivity of AD mice of 6 and 9 months of age was 84% (26/31) and 89% (24/27), and the specificity was 89% (16/18) and 100% (16/16), and the accuracy was 86% (42/49) and 93% (40/43), respectively.Conclusions NAA and mI are the most sensitive and specific markers for early assessment of AD, and change of mI is earlier than that of NAA.Quantitative analysis of mI may provide important clues for early diagnosis of AD.

Objective To explore the value of 1H-MRS on the evaluation of Alzheimer's disease (AD) with neural stem cells (NSCs) transplantation in an APP-PS1 double transgenic (tg) AD mouse model.Methods NSCs from C57BL/6 mice were cultured and amplified.APP-PS1 tg mice (n =30) aged 12 months were used as the study group,and mild-type mice (n =15) were used as the control group.Animals in the study group were randomized into two subgroups,the AD mice in one subgroup received NSCs transplantation (NSCs group) and in another subgroup received phosphate buffer saline (PBS,PBS group)in bilateral hippocampal CA1.Animals in the control group were not treated.Using a 7.0 T high-fieldstrength MR imager,1H-MRS was performed before and 6 weeks after transplantation to measure the area under the peak of n-acetyl aspartate (NAA),glutamate (Glu),myo-inositol ( mI),choline (Cho) and creatine (Cr) in the hippocampal area,NAA/Cr,Glu/Cr,mI/Cr and Cho/Cr ratio were calculated and compared with histopathological results (including Nissl's staining and electron microscope examination).Comparisons among NSCs,PBS and control groups were conducted by one-way ANOVA.Results NSCs from C57BL/6 mice were cultured successfully. Before transplantation,the mean NAA/Cr,Glu/Cr and mI/Cr in NSCs,PBS and control groups were 0.89 ± 0.05,0.88 ± 0.04 and 1.15 ± 0.05,0.40 ± 0.03,0.39 ± 0.03 and 0.45 ± 0.05,0.67 ± 0.05,0.67 ± 0.05 and 0.52 ± 0.04,respectively,and differences were statistically significant (F =148.918,7.529,59.468,P ＜ 0.01 ). There were no significant differences in NAA/Cr,mI/Cr and Glu/Cr ratios between NSCs and PBS groups before transplantation (t =0.147,0.096,0.207,P ＞ 0.05 ),but the differences were significant compared with the control group (t =0.255,0.467,0.171 and t =0.269,0.527,0.151,P ＜0.05).Six weeks after transplantation,the mean NAA/Cr,Glu/Cr and mI/Cr in three groups were 1.13 ±0.07,0.86 ±0.05 and 1.14 ±0.05,0.45 ± 0.04,0.38 ± 0.02 and 0.44 ± 0.03,0.58 ± 0.04,0.67 ± 0.04 and 0.53 ± 0.04,respectively,and differences were statistically significant ( F =112.092,23.076,44.367,P ＜ 0.01 ).NAA/Cr and Glu/Cr ratios were increased and mI/Cr was decreased in NSCs group,and the difference was significant compared with PBS group at the same time point ( t =0.271,0.071,0.089,P ＜ 0.05 ).There were no significant differences in NAA/Cr and Glu/Cr ( t =0.013,0.012,P ＞ 0.05 ),but there was a significant difference in mI/Cr between NSCs and control groups ( t =0.046,P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences in Cho before and after transplantation among the three groups (P ＞ 0.05 ). Nissl's staining showed that the number of neurons in the hippocampal area increased more significantly in tg mice receiving NSCs than that without receiving NSCs.Electron microscopy showed that most hippocampal NSCs in NSCs group were morphologically normal with abundant organelles,while hippocampal NSCs in PBS group were swollen with sparse synapses.Conclusion 1H-MRS is able to display intracranial metabolite changes before and after NSCs in APP-PS1 double transgenic AD mice and has an applicable value in evaluating the therapeutic effect of NSCs on AD.

Objective To explore the effect of neural stem cell(NSCs) transplantation on proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) and the behavior in APP/PS1 double transgenic AD mice.Methods NSCs from C57BL/6 mice were cultured and amplified.APP/PS1 double transgenic AD mice (n=30) aged 12 months were used as the study group,and mild-type mice (n=15) were used as the control group(group C).Animals in the study group were randomly divided into two subgroups:one receiving NSCs (group A) and the other receiving PBS transplantation (group B) in bilateral hippocampal CA1 of the AD model mice.Animals in the group C were not treated.1 H-MRS and Morris water maze (MWM) were performed before transplantation and 4 weeks after transplantation,and compared with the histopathological results.Results 1H-MRS showed that there was no significant change in NAA/Cr(1.01±0.08 and 1.03±0.05) and mI/Cr (0.69±0.05 and 0.71±0.06) ratios between group A and group B before transplantation (P＞ 0.05),but the changes were significant compared with the group C (NAA/ Cr:1.21±0.05; mI/Cr:0.58±0.06) (P＜0.05).Four weeks after transplantation,NAA/ Cr ratio(1.18± 0.09) was increased and mI/Cr ratio (0.53±0.04) was decreased in group A.The difference was significant compared with the group B at the same time points (P＜0.05).MWM showed the escape latency in group A was significantly shorter than that in group B after transplantation (P＜0.05).In addition,group A also showed an exclusive preference for the target quadrant,and spent more time ((35.21±5.44) s) in the 3rd quadrant compared with group B (P＜0.05).For number of platform crossings,similar results were also shown (5.75± 3.23).Nissl's staining showed that the number of neurons in the hippocampal area increased more significantly in group A than those in group B(P＜0.05).Conclusion NSCs transplantation can improve spatial learning and memory via neurons regeneration in APP/PS1 double transgenic AD mice,and 1H-MRS is able to display intracranial metabolite changes after NSCs transplantation.