Objective:To investigate the prognosis and its influencing factors of elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and to provide references for clinical treatment.Methods:The clinical data of 152 patients with DLBCL aged over 60 years old from January 2013 to June 2017 in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis, and the log-rank test was used for univariate analysis of factors affecting the prognosis of patients, and the Cox proportional hazard regression model was used for multivariate analysis.Results:The median overall survival (OS) time of 152 elderly patients with DLBCL was 36 months (32-40 months), and the 1, 2, and 3-year OS rates were 80.26%, 61.84%, and 57.24%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that the differences in the 3-year OS rates of elderly DLBCL patients with different gender, clinical staging, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Ki-67, β 2-microglobulin (β 2-MG) levels, smoke history, use of rituximab and CHOP regimens were statistically significant (all P < 0.1). The results of multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that male, late clinical staging, elevated LDH, and elevated β 2-MG were risk factors for the OS of elderly DLBCL patients (all P < 0.05). The use of rituximab and CHOP regimens were the protective factors for the OS of elderly patients with DLBCL (all P < 0.05). Conclusions:The elderly male DLBCL patients with late clinical staging, elevated LDH and elevated β 2-MG have a poor prognosis, and the elderly DLBCL patients treated with CHOP regimen and rituximab have a better prognosis.