OBJECTIVE To construct a classification prediction model for vancomycin blood concentration， and to optimize its precision dosing strategies. METHODS Patient records meeting inclusion criteria were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care database. Following data cleaning and preprocessing， a final cohort of 9 902 patient was analyzed. Feature selection was performed through correlation analysis and the Boruta feature selection algorithm. Vancomycin blood concentrations were discretized into three categories based on clinical therapeutic windows： low （＜10 μg/mL）， intermediate （10-20 μg/mL）， and high （≥20 μg/mL）. Six machine learning algorithms were employed to construct classification models： tabular prior-data fitted network （TabPFN）， logistic regression （LR）， random forest （RF）， extreme gradient boosting （XGBoost）， support vector machine （SVM）， K-nearest neighbors （KNN）. Model performance was evaluated using 10-fold cross-validation （10-CV）， with primary metrics including： accuracy， balanced accuracy， precision macro， recall macro， macro F1， area under the receiver operating characteristic curve （OvR-AUC）. Shapley Additive Explanations （SHAP） was adopted to analyze the direction and magnitude of the impact that different features had on the model’s predictive outcomes. RESULTS The results showed that the RF and TabPFN models performed the best （with accuracy of 0.741 4 and 0.737 7， and OvR-AUC of 0.907 0 and 0.895 8， respectively）. XGBoost model exhibited moderate performance， while LR， SVM， and KNN models demonstrated relatively poor performance. Confusion matrix heatmap analysis revealed that both RF and TabPFN achieved higher accuracy in predicting high- concentration cases but exhibited slightly lower performance in the low and medium concentration categories. Bootstrap with 10-CV revealed that the RF model demonstrated stable performance across various evaluation metrics （accuracy： 0.741 4； balanced accuracy： 0.740 3； precision macro： 0.732 1； recall macro： 0.736 0； macro F1： 0.736 0； OvR-AUC： 0.907 0）， indicating good classification performance and generalization ability. SHAP analysis revealed that creatinine， urea nitrogen， daily cumulative dose and administration frequency of vancomycin， which were key predictors， had a significant impact on the prediction results. CONCLUSIONS RF and TabPFN models demonstrate certain advantages in the classification prediction of vancomycin trough blood concentrations； however， their performance in the low to moderate concentration categories still requires improvement.

Addressing the enduring challenge of evaluating traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), the integrated evidence chain-based effectiveness evaluation of TCMs (Eff-iEC) has emerged. This paper explored its capacity through a demonstration study that evaluated the effectiveness evidence of six commonly used anti-hepatic fibrosis Chinese patent medicines (CPMs), including Biejiajian Pill (BP), Dahuang Zhechong Pill (DZP), Biejia Ruangan Compound (BRC), Fuzheng Huayu Capsule (FHC), Anluo Huaxian Pill (AHP), and Heluo Shugan Capsule (HSC), using both Eff-iEC and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system. The recognition of these CPMs within the TCM academic community was also assessed through their inclusion in relevant medical documents. Results showed that the evidence of BRC and FHC received higher assessments in both Eff-iEC and GRADE system, while the assessments for others varied. Analysis of community recognition revealed that Eff-iEC more accurately reflects the clinical value of these CPMs, exhibiting superior evaluative capabilities. By breaking through the conventional pattern of TCMs effectiveness evaluation, Eff-iEC offers a novel epistemology that better aligns with the clinical realities and reasoning of TCMs, providing a coherent methodology for clinical decision-making, new drug evaluations, and health policy formulation.

Objective To investigate the expression of zinc finger protein 382(ZNF382)in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL)tissue and its relationship with clinical pathological characteristics and prognosis of DLBCL patients.Methods A total of 57 DLBCL patients admitted to the Department of Hematology,Luoyang Central Hospital from January 2014 to December 2018 were selected as the research subjects.The biopsy pathological specimens and clinical data of DLBCL patients were collected;another 20 patients of reactive proliferative lymph node tissue preserved in the Department of Pathology,Luoyang Central Hospital were taken as the control group.The expression of ZNF382 in DLBCL tissue and reactive proliferative lymph node tissue was detected by En vision two-step method.The difference of ZNF382 expression was compared between DLBCL tissue and reactive proliferative lymph node tissue.The correlations of ZNF382 expression with the clinical features such as age,gender,primary tumor site,Ann Arbor stage,international prognostic index(IPI)score,Hans typing,B-symptoms,bone marrow infiltration,giant masses,Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group(ECOG)score,β2-microglobulin(β2-MG),serum lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),Ki67,and chemotherapy regimen of DLBCL patients were analyzed by univariate analysis;the survival curve was drawed by Kaplan Meier method,and the univariate and multivariate survival analysis were performed by log-rank tests and Cox proportional risk regression models.Results The expression level of ZNF382 in DLBCL tissue was significantly lower than that in reactive proliferative lymph node tissue(Z=-5.056,P＜0.01).The expression level of ZNF382 was correlated with IPI score,Ann Arbor stage,Hans typing,B-symptoms,bone marrow infiltration and giant masses of DLBCL patients(P＜0.05);the expression level of ZNF382 was not associated to gender,age,primary site,ECOG score,β2-MG,serum LDH,Ki67,and whether the chemotherapy regimen combined with rituximab or not of DLBCL patients(P＞0.05).Among the 57 DLBCL patients,the treatment was effective in 36 patients(63.20％)and ineffective in 21 patients(36.80％);the expression level of ZNF382 in tumor tissue of DLBCL patients with effective treatment was significantly higher than that of DLBCL patients with ineffective treatment(Z=-2.895,P＜0.05).The 2-year event free survival rate of DLBCL patients in the ZNF382 high expression group was significantly higher than that in the ZNF382 low expression group(x2=17.955,P＜0.001).The results of univariate survival analysis showed that female,primary lymph nodes,B-symptoms,bone marrow infiltration,giant masses,IPI score≥3,elevated β2-MG,Ki67＞70％,non-germinal center B-cell-like lymphoma,Ann Arbor stageⅢ-Ⅳ and low expression of ZNF382 were risk factors for poor prognosis in DLBCL patients(P＜0.05).The results of multivariate analysis showed that primary lymph nodes,Ann Arbor stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ and low expression of ZNF382 were independent influencing factors for poor prognosis in DLBCL patients(P＜0.05).Conclusion ZNF382 protein is low expressed in the tumor tissues of DLBCL patients,which is closely related to the occurrence,development and prognosis of DLBCL;and it can be used as an indicator for evaluating the prognosis of DLBCL.

Objective:To compare the efficacies of robot-assisted unilateral and manual unilateral/bilateral puncture kyphoplasty (PKP) for the treatment of osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture (OTLF).Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 64 OTLF patients admitted to First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from April 2021 to May 2022. The patients included 28 males and 36 females, aged 57-88 years [(74.5±5.6)years]. Fracture segments were 12 patients from T 1-T 9, 32 from T 10-L 2, and 20 from L 3-L 5. All the patients were treated with PKP. Among them, 25 patients underwent manual unilateral puncture (manual unilateral group), 18 patients underwent manual bilateral puncture (manual bilateral group), and 21 patients underwent robot-assisted unilateral puncture (robot-assisted unilateral group). The operation time, channel establishment time, intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative fluoroscopy times, bone cement injection volume, and bone cement spatial distribution score were compared among the three groups. The visual analogue score (VAS), Oswestry disability index (ODI) and Cobb angle of kyphosis were compared among the three groups before operation, at 3 days and 3 months after operation, and at the last follow-up. The incidence of complications was compared. Results:All the patients were followed up for 6-10 months [(7.0±0.9)months]. The operation time of the manual unilateral group was (30.2±6.1)minutes, which was shorter than (37.9±8.9)minutes of the robot-assisted unilateral group and (49.0±10.2)minutes of the manual bilateral group; the operation time of the robot-assisted unilateral group was markedly shorter than that of the manual bilateral group (all P<0.05). The channel establishment time of the robot-assisted unilateral group was (4.7±1.4)minutes, which was markedly shorter than (10.4±4.4)minutes of the manual unilateral group and (21.7±6.2)minutes of the manual bilateral group (all P<0.05). The intraoperative blood loss of the robot-assisted unilateral group was (23.8±7.2)ml, which was less than (34.3±7.7)ml of the manual unilateral group and (55.9±18.7)ml of the manual bilateral group (all P<0.05). The number of intraoperative fluoroscopy of the robot-assisted unilateral group was (12.1±2.5)times, which was markedly less than (21.2±5.9)times of the manual unilateral group and (39.6±9.5)times of the manual bilateral group (all P<0.05). The channel establishment time, intraoperative blood loss and intraoperative fluoroscopy times of the manual unilateral group were markedly shorter or less than those of the manual bilateral group (all P<0.05). The bone cement injection volume and bone cement distribution score of the robot-assisted unilateral group were (4.7±1.3)ml and (7.9±1.2)points, which were not statistically different from (5.7±1.3)ml and (8.7±1.1)points of the manual bilateral group (all P>0.05), but were markedly higher than (3.0±1.3)ml and (5.1±1.8)points of the manual unilateral group (all P<0.05). There were no significant differences in VAS, ODI and Cobb angle among the three groups at 3 days, 3 months after operation and at the last follow-up (all P>0.05), but which were all lower than those before surgery (all P<0.05). There were no significant differences in VAS, ODI and Cobb angle among three groups before operation, at 3 days, 3 months after surgery and at the last follow-up (all P>0.05). The complication rate was 4.8% (1/21) of the robot-assisted unilateral group, 32.0% (8/25) of the manual unilateral group, and 33.3% (6/18) of the manual bilateral group, with no significant difference between the manual unilateral group and the manual bilateral group ( P>0.05), but both of which was markedly higher than that of the robot-assisted unilateral group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Robot-assisted unilateral puncture and manual unilateral/bilateral puncture PKP can both achieve satisfactory results for the treatment of OTLF, but robot-assisted unilateral puncture has shorter channel establishment time, less intraoperative blood loss and intraoperative fluoroscopy times, and lower complication rate.

【Objective】 To explore the recruitment and retention strategy of blood donors by investigating the age composition of blood donors in some areas of China, so as to promote blood donation and enhance clinical blood supply. 【Methods】 Through the working platform of Practice Comparison Working Group of China’s Mainland Blood Collection and Supply Institutions, the average age and age composition of blood donors from 22 blood centers were collected, and statistical analysis was conducted after eliminating invalid data. 【Results】 The median average age of blood donors during the survey year was 30.02.The median age in 2.89% of the blood centers was lower than 25. The average age of different genders was statistically significant only in 2018(P<0.05). Fot first-time blood donors, the median constituent ratio of donors <25 and ≥25 years old was 54.53% and 44.28%, with median retention rate at 10.30% and 9.61%, respectively. The median overall participation rate of blood donors was 2.7%, with median participation rate of blood donors <25 years old at 5.1%. 【Conclusion】 The recruitment and retention of blood donor is crucial to enhance clinical blood supply. Blood donors <25 years old, with a longer period for future donation, should be the main target of blood donation recruitment. Meanwhile, the revision of upper age limit for blood donation is another important initiative to grow the blood donor pool.

【Objective】 To provide reference for fine management of blood donors by classifying and analyzing different types of blood donors from domestic blood stations. 【Methods】 The resident population of 15 regions in China from 2016 to 2019 were taken as the research object, among which the blood donors were divided into three categories: age-eligible citizens, registered donors and donated donors. The average value and proportion of the three categories were calculated and statistically analyzed. 【Results】 The resident population of the 15 regions varied greatly. The mean 95% CI of the proportion of age-eligible citizens to resident population from 2016 to 2019 was (60.16%, 67.84%); registered donors to age-eligible citizens and resident population was (2.21%, 2.86%) and (1.41%, 1.79%), respectively; donated donors to registered donors, age-eligible citizens and resident population was (84.63%, 91.68%), (1.93%, 2.55%) and(1.23%, 1.59%), respectively. 【Conclusion】 There were differences in the number and proportion of different types of blood donors in different regions. The fine management of blood donors can help blood stations carry out more effective recruitment and retention strategies.

Objective:To investigate the effect of rapamycin (Rapa) on apoptosis of acute myeloid leukemia THP-1 cells induced by idarubicin (IDA) and its molecular mechanism.Methods:The THP-1 cells were treated with 10, 20, 40 and 80 nmol/L Rapa for 1 h, and the cells without Rapa treatment were set up. Western blot was used to detect the conversion of autophagy marker LC3 protein in THP-1 cells (the ratio of LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ), flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptotic rate, and the pretreatment concentration of Rapa was determined. THP-1 cells were treated with different concentrations of IDA for 24 h, the cell proliferation inhibition rate of IDA for THP-1 cells was detected by CCK-8 method, and the half maximal inhibitory concentration ( IC50) was calculated. THP-1 cells with or without Rapa treatment were treated by IDA with the concentration of lower than IC50 for 24 h, CCK-8 method was used to detect cell proliferation inhibition rate, flow cytometry was used to detect cell apoptosis, real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression changes of autophagy-related genes Beclin-1, LC3 and p62, and Western blot was used to detect the conversion of autophagy marker LC3 protein. Results:The ratio of LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ in THP-1 cells treated by 20 nmol/L Rapa was higher than that in the untreated cells ( P=0.002 4). The apoptotic rate in THP-1 cells treated by 80 nmol/L Rapa was higher than that in the untreated cells ( P=0.007 3). According to the results of Western blot and flow cytometry, 20 nmol/L Rapa was selected as the pretreatment concentration. The IC50 of IDA for THP-1 cells treated with IDA for 24 h was 59.874 nmol/L. After treated with 50 nmol/L IDA for 24 h, the proliferation inhibitory [(69.67±5.03)% vs. (41.67±3.51)%] and apoptotic rates [(74.35±4.83)% vs. (41.25±5.24)%] in THP-1 cells pretreated by Rapa were higher than those in the unpretreated cells (both P<0.05); the Beclin-1 and LC3 mRNA expression levels and the ratio of LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ in THP-1 cells pretreated by Rapa were higher than those in the unpretreated cells, and the expression of p62 mRNA was lower than that in the unpretreated cells (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Rapa can enhance the apoptosis of THP-1 cells induced by a relative low dose of IDA, which may be achieved through inducing excessive autophagy in THP-1 cells.

Cardiac hypertrophy is a common physiological or pathological process, and pathological cardiac hypertrophy can lead to heart failure, sudden death, etc. The role of microRNA (miRNA or MIR) in myocardial hypertrophy has gradually attracted public attention. miR-1 plays a certain protective role in the occurrence of cardiac hypertrophy. miR-133 is a key factor in the establishment of mast gene program, which is very important for the development of myocardial hypertrophy. Carvedilol and other drugs can regulate the expression of miR-133. miR-208a plays an important physiological role in the cardiovascular system, and its expression level changes dynamically in a variety of cardiovascular diseases such as cardiac hypertrophy, which is closely related to the progression and prognosis of the disease. The expression of miR-199a is up-regulated in pressure-overload cardiac hypertrophy, and it is found that miR-199a can inhibit autophagy of cardiomyocytes and induce the occurrence of cardiac hypertrophy. miR-200c can protect cardiomyocytes through a variety of pathways. miRNA may become an important biomarker or drug therapeutic target for cardiac hypertrophy. With the deepening of the research on non-coding RNAs including miRNA, its regulation on the occurrence of cardiac hypertrophy and the pathological process of heart failure will be further revealed.

Objective:To explore the effective pressure range under continuous cuff pressure monitoring in critical patients with mechanical ventilation, so as to achieve the goal of ensuring ventilation quality and reducing mucosal injury without increasing the incidence of endotracheal catheter displacement and aspiration.Methods:Ninety critically ill patients with non-pulmonary diseases admitted to the department of intensive care unit (ICU) of Airport Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from June 2017 to June 2019 were enrolled, and divided into three groups according to the random number table, with 30 patients in each group. For all patients in the three groups , the head of the bed was raised by 30°and the balloon was measured continuously. Cuff pressure in the three groups were maintained at 20, 25 and 30 cmH 2O (1 cmH 2O = 0.098 kPa) respectively. The patient's air leakage, oxygen saturation, tracheal tube displacement of each group were recorded every hour when the patients were calm. Fiberbronchoscope was used to aspirate sputum during extubation to check for mucosal damage. Chest X-ray examination was used to evaluate pulmonary infection and sputum bacteria culture examination was conducted at the same time. Results:There was no significant difference in gender, age and critical condition among the three groups. The number of patients with airway mucosal injury in the 30 cmH 2O group was significantly higher than that in the 20 cmH 2O group (cases: 8 vs. 4, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in airway mucosal injury between Group 20 cmH 2O and Group 25, Group 25 cmH 2O and Group 30 cmH 2O. When the balloon pressure was 20, 25, and 30 cmH 2O, there was no significant difference in air bag leakage (cases: 14, 10, 12), trachea catheter displacement (cases: 18, 11, 16), ventilator-associated pneumonia (cases: 3, 4, 3), all P > 0.05, and there was no significant difference in mechanical ventilation time and the hospitalization time [mechanical ventilation time (hours): 77.07±65.34, 80.80±70.20, 77.60±65.23; the length of ICU stay (days): 5.70±3.74, 5.30±4.57, 6.23±3.51, all P > 0.05]. Conclusion:The cuff pressure of 20 cmH 2O will not increase the mechanical ventilation time and hospitalization time of patients, while 20 cmH 2O is much safer in airway mucosal injury.