Acoustic parameters of 145 normal adults (18-80 years old) were measured with Universal Signal Spectrum Analysis System. The results showed that fundamental frequency (F0) ,the second and third formant (F2, F3 ) , frequency perturbation quotient (FPQ) between male and female in same age as well as amplitude perturbation quotient (APQ) between two sexes in young and middle age were statistically different. APQ reduced with the growing of age but increased obviously after 60 years old in male. F0 rose in old man but decreased significantly in old woman. The article indicated that voice had distinctive features in different sex or age, which could provide objective grounds for clinical voice evaluation.

Objective: To study the correlation between the expression of CD44s, CD44v6 and theclinicopathological characters of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) so as to analyze the role of them inoccurrence and progression of LSCC. Method:Expression of CD44 and CD44v6 in 46 cases of LSCC and 20 casesof adjacent normal tissues was inspected with immunohistochemical SP method. Result:The expression of CD44sincreased significantly in lymphnode metastasis group (94.4％) and stage Ⅲ～Ⅳ group (96.2％),but decreasedin non-lymphnode metastasis group (67.9％) and stage Ⅰ～Ⅱ group (55.0％). The expression of CD44v6 waslower (21.7％),which wasn′t associated with any clinicopathological characters. Conclusion:The role of CD44and CD44v6 in carcinoma maybe dependent on the species,type of carcinoma, and the expression of CD44s maybe a biologic marker to evaluate metastasis of LSCC.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of HPA, CK2beta and HIF-1alpha gene in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) tissues, and the correlation between their expression with the clinical characteristics of NPC and the relativity of HPA, CK2beta and HIF-1alpha gene in NPC tissues. METHOD: HPA, CK2beta and HIF-1alpha were detected with Super-Vision immunohistochemical method using antibody in 49 NPC specimens and 30 specimens with chronic nasopharyngitis tissue (CNT). RESULT: The expression of HPA, CK2beta and HIF-1alpha in NPC tissue were significantly higher than those in CNT tissue (P<0.05, separately). The expression of HPA, CK2beta and HIF-1alpha were significantly related to the TNM stage and whether recurrence or metastasis occur after treatment (P<0.05, separate ly), but there was no obvious correlation between its expression and the sex of NPC patient (P>0.05). The expression of HIF-1alpha was significantly related to the age of NPC patient (P<0.05), while HPA, CK2beta were not. The expression of HPA, CK2beta and HIF-1alpha in NPC tissue was positively correlated with each other (P<0.05, separately). CONCLUSION HPA, CK2beta and HIF-1alpha play synergetic role in development of NPC, which plays an important role in invasiveness,recurrence and metastasis of NPC. There could be a positive cooperation among HPA, CK2beta and HIF-1alpha in the carcinogenesis and development of NPC.
Carcinoma ; Casein Kinase II ; metabolism ; Female ; Heparin Lyase ; metabolism ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Neoplasm Staging

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the operative methods of invasive head and neck neoplasms involving skull base. METHOD: Thirty-two cases with invasive head and neck neoplasms involving anterior and lateral skull base, from 1997 to 2005, were treated with surgical resection. Nine surgical approaches including endoscopic transnasal approach for five cases, combined craniofacial approach for three cases, maxillary resection approach for 15 cases, transpalatal approach for one case, transmandibular approach for one case, lateral neck-mandibular incision approach for two cases, combined retroauricular and neck approach for one case, frontotemporal approach for two cases, and facial translocation approach for two cases were used to resect the tumors. RESULT: Four cases with nasal sinus mucocele were only applied drainage and one case with chordoma was subtotally resected. The tumors of the rest 27 cases were totally removed. Although one case complicated with cerebrospinal fluid leak and recovered within one week, no one died from the operation and no serious cranium-cerebrum complication occurred. Eight cases with benign tumor were followed up for six months to eight years without recurrence and no one died. For 24 cases with malignant tumor, survival rates of three and five years were 63.2% (12/19), 41.7% (5/12) respectively. CONCLUSION Surgical approach must be designed according to the pathological change's characters, site and invasive range. Favorable curative effect could be achieved by resecting tumors totally as possible, protecting important constitutions, and adopting proper reparative techniques.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Skull Base ; pathology ; surgery ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of serious adult airway obstruction. METHOD: Eighty six adult cases admitted to our hospital for serious airway obstruction from 1995 to 2006, were analyzed retrospectively. RESULT: Among the 86 cases, 34 cases (39.5%) had inflammatory diseases, 32 cases (37.2%) had neoplastic diseases and 9 cases (10.5%) had traumatic diseases. In addition, 3 cases of laryngeal spasm, 6 cases of laryngeal stricture, 2 cases of bilateral laryngeal paralysis and 1 case of asphyxia with aspiration were also include in this study. The patients who had laryngeal or tracheal obstruction were 60 cases (69.8%) and 13 cases (15.1%). In addition, 46 cases (53.5%) and 4 cases (4.7%) had tracheotomy or endotracheal intubation. Twenty six cases were only adopted medical treatment to relieve dyspnea. The final diagnosis of the 86 cases was made and the serious airway obstruction was was relieved within 2 hours. While 14 cases (16.3%) had serious complications and 6 cases (6.9%) had operative complications occurred. One cases (0.2%) died. CONCLUSION The causes of serious adult airway obstruction could be complicated, the site and character of obstruction would change constantly. Quick diagnosis, timely removal of the obstruction should be critical factors to improve curative effect.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Airway Obstruction ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Laryngeal Diseases ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

BACKGROUND:The traditional fixation method for femoral neck fractures is three hollow screws inverted triangle fixation,and the optimal fixation method for femoral neck fractures that have not achieved anatomical reduction is inconclusive. OBJECTIVE:To compare the biomechanical properties of cannulated screws internal fixation for sub-capitated femoral neck fracture with different reduction qualities based on finite element analysis. METHODS:The three-dimensional digital model was reconstructed using CT data of the proximal femur from a healthy male volunteer.The femur was modeled to sub-capitated femoral neck fractures.Fracture models were divided into anatomical reduction group,coxa vara group,and coxa valgus group.All fracture model groups were transferred using the standard group,screw depression group,and screw elevation group.A vertical downward stress of 1 400 N was applied to the femoral head at the top of the acetabulum.The displacement and stress distribution of the femur and internal fixator under different fixation methods were observed,and the maximum stress and displacement of the femur and fixator were compared. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)For anatomical reduction femoral neck fracture,the peak stress of fixation in the standard group,screw depression group and screw elevation group was 41.35,31.27 and 43.32 MPa,respectively.The maximum peak stress of the femur was found on the screw elevation group(28.58 MPa),and the standard group had the maximum peak displacement.(2)During hip varus,the stresses in the three subgroups were relatively dispersed and even.The peak stress of the femur in the standard group was the smallest,but the peak displacement was the largest.The stability of fixation might be poor.The peak displacement of the femur in the screw depression group was the smallest.(3)In the hip valgus,obvious screw stress concentration appeared in the screw depression group,and the peak displacement was the largest among the three subgroups,and an in-out-in phenomenon appeared.The peak stress of the screws in the screw elevation group was the largest among the three subgroups,but the peak displacement was the smallest.(4)It is concluded that for sub-capitated femoral neck fractures that are completely anatomically reduced,it is recommended to use standard inverted triangular nails for fixation.When the hip varus and hip valgus occur within the allowable range of the reduction standard,it is recommended to use the inverted triangle screw to fix it by rotating the corresponding angle in the same direction as the hip varus or valgus.