OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of ketamine on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of propofol. METHODS:24 outpatients undergoing painless abortion were randomly assigned into group A(2.5 mg?kg-1propofol via i.v.,n=8), group B(propofol combined with 0.25 mg?kg-1 ketamine,n=8)and groups C(propofol combined with 0.75 mg?kg-1 ketamine, n=8). Blood samples were taken from basilical vein or brachial veins at 0 min,2 min,4 min,6 min,8 min,10 min,15 min, 30 min,45 min,1 h,2 h,3 h after medication,and at wake-up time and sober moments. Plasma concentrations of propofol were measured by HPLC and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using 3p97 software. SBP,DBP,HR and SpO2 were detected. RESULTS:Compared with group A,t1/2? and Vd in group B and group C decreased(group A vs. group C,P

By analyzing school factor of honesty and credit shortage in students,we put forward concrete measures to enhance honesty and credit education in students from aspects of education,management and university surroundings construction.It is expected to offer better help to honesty and credit education in colleges and universities.