Objective To investigate the effects of c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK) inhibitor D-JNKI1 on proliferation,invasion and apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells and its mechanism,so as to provide reliable experimental evidence for further study on the preventive and therapeutic effects of JNK inhibitor on hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods HepG2 cells were treated with 0,5,10 and 20 μmol/L D-JNKI1 for 24,48 and 72 h separately,and detected for the proliferation activity by CCK-8 assay.HepG2 cells were treated with 10 μmol/L D-JNKI1 for 0,24,48 and 72 h,and the control group(100% DMSO) was set.The effects of D-JNKI1 on migration,invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition abilities of HepG2 cells were detected by scratch test,Transwell invasion test and Western blot respectively.The effect of D-JNKI1 on apoptosis of HepG2 cells was measured by TUNEL and Hoechst staining.The mitochondrial membrane potential of HepG2 cells was detected by JC-1 staining,and the content of ROS in HepG2 cells was detected by DCFA-DA method.Western blot was used to determine the expression levels of apoptosis pathway related factors and MAPK signaling pathway key molecules in HepG2 cells.After intraperitoneal injection of D-JNKI1 in nude mice,HepG2 cell suspension was inoculated through the right armpit,and the tumor volume was measured every week.Six weeks after inoculation of HepG2 cells,the nude mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation,and the tumor mass was weighed.The expression levels of apoptosis pathway related factors were detected by Western blot.Results D-JNKI1 effectively inhibited the proliferation,invasion and migration,and epithelial-mesenchymal transition process of HepG2 cells,promoted apoptosis of HepG2 cells through endogenous and exogenous apoptotic pathways,reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and ROS level in the cells,and inhibited the activation of MAPK signaling pathway.After injection of D-JNKI1,it promoted apoptosis by activating the apoptosis pathway related factors,and reduced the growth rate and quality of transplanted tumor in nude mice.Conclusion D-JNKI1 can inhibit the proliferation and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells and promote their apoptosis by activating apoptotic pathway and reducing the activation of MAPK signaling pathway.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of radical transurethral bladder tumor resection plus chemotherapy for the treatment of muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Methods Thirty-two patients,who were diagnosed muscle-invasive bladder cancer by preoperative CT and cystoscopy and not tolerating or rejecting radical cystectomy were treated by transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBt).The maximum diameter of tumor ranged from 1 - 5 cm,3 cm on average.After conventional intravenous chemotherapy ( docetaxel 75 mg/m2 + oxaliplatin 130 mg/m2),and given intravenous therapy (HCPT 20 mg + 20 ml saline).Regular cystoscopy was used to monitor tumor recurrence.The examination was performed quarterly in the first 2 years post operation,twice a year since the third year.ResultsThe tumors of 32 cases were resected completely.Operative time were 15 -70 min,the blood loss was 10 -150 ml,without serious complications during the operation.Pathological report showed 32 cases of transitional cell carcinoma.Clinical stages were T2a 20 cases,T2b 12 cases.Pathological grade were G2 13 cases,G3 19 cases.There was no bone marrow suppression,anemia or other severe complications was seen in 32 cases that received chemotherapy.3 of which manifested as low fever,mild nausea,and headache,respectively,having a rest 2 to 3 days the symptoms disappeared.32 patients were followed up for 3 - 60 months,a mean of 28 months.After 1 year the recurrence rate was 9.4％ (3/32),after 2 years was 12.5％ (4/32).The TNM stage of these recurrence cases were 4 cases with T2a and 3 cases with T2b.12 patients died,5 patients died of bladder cancer metastasis.Other 20 patients were survival with no recurrence.ConclusionRadical TURBt plus chemotherapy could be a treatment for the selected patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer.

Objective To study the relationship of HHV-8 K15 allelotypes in cutaneous and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) tissue with tumorigenesis. MethodsSequence specific primernested PCR was performed to detect HHV-8 K15 gene and to determine its allelotype in paraffin-embedded tissue specimens from 40 patients with cutaneous SCC and 40 patients with esophageal SCC. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. ResultsHHV-8 K15 P allele was detected in 9(22.5％) of the cutaneous SCC specimens and 8(20％) of the esophageal SCC specimens. There was no significant difference in the detection rate of HHV-8 between cutaneous SCC and esophageal SCC specimens (P ＞ 0.05). HHV-8 K15 M allele was undetected in this study. ConclusionsSCC tissues appear to harbor only HHV-8 K15 P allele, and HHV-8 may play a part in the initiation and progression of SCC.

Objective To construct and verify Nomogram model for individualized prediction of the risk of infectious complications in patients with complex kidney stones after percutaneous nephrolithotripsy(PCNL).Methods A total of 585 patients with complex kid-ney stones admitted to Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine from March 2021 to June 2023 were collected as the study subjects,and divided into modeling group(n=410)and validation group(n=175)at 7∶3.The modeling group was further di-vided into non-complication group(n=342)and complication group(n=68)according to whether there were infectious complications after PCNL surgery.The clinical data were collected and multivariate Logistic regression analysis was applied to determine the factors that affected the occurrence of infectious complications after PCNL surgery in patients with complex kidney stones,and Nomogram model was constructed to predict the occurrence of infectious complications after PCNL surgery in patients with complex kidney stones.Results There were no statistically significant differences in gender,age,body mass index,surgical time,interleukin-6(IL-6)level,C-re-active protein(CRP)level,location and number of stone between the modeling group and the validation group(P＞0.05);compared with the non-complication group,the operation time and stone diameter,the levels of IL-6,CRP in the complication group was higher(t were 5.084,6.727,5.936,7.869,P＜0.05),and the proportions of diabetes and preoperative urinary tract infection were higher(x2 were 12.520,35.117,P＜0.05).The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that operation time(OR=1.077),stone diameter(OR=1.303),IL-6(OR=1.334),CRP(OR=1.381),diabetes(OR=3.288),preoperative urinary tract infection(OR=5.458)were all independent risk factors for infection complications after PCNL surgery in patients with complex kidney stones(P＜0.05).The area under the curve for the modeling group and validation group were 0.919(95％CI:0.889-0.949)and 0.939(95％CI:0.882-0.996),respectively.The results of the Hosmer-Limeshow goodness of fit test showed that the modeling group x2=5.484,P=0.705;validation group x2=10.101,P=0.258.Conclusion Operation time,stone diameter,IL-6,CRP,diabetes and preoperative urinary tract infection are independent risk factors for infectious complications after PCNL in patients with complex kidney stones.The Nomogram model based on these factors has high degree of discrimination and consistency.

Background: Classical swine fever (CSF) is a severe infectious disease of pigs that causes significant economic losses to the swine industry. Objectives: This study developed a solid-phase blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (spbELISA) method for the specific detection of antibodies against the CSF virus (CSFV) in porcine serum samples. Methods: A spbELISA method was developed based on the recombinant E2 expressed in Escherichia coli. The specificity of this established spbELISA method was evaluated using reference serum samples positive for antibodies against other common infectious diseases.The stability and sensitivity were evaluated using an accelerated thermostability test. Results: The spbELISA successfully detected the antibody levels in swine vaccinated with the C-strain of CSFV. In addition, the detection ability of spbELISA for CSFV antibodies was compared with that of other commercial ELISA kits and validated using an indirect immunofluorescence assay. The results suggested that the spbELISA provides an alternative, stable, and rapid serological detection method suitable for the large-scale screening of CSFV serum antibodies. Conclusions The spbELISA has practical applications in assessing the vaccination status of large pig herds.

Objective:To analyze the clinical adverse events of the first carbon ion therapy system in radiotherapy for cancer patients in China.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical trial monitoring data of the carbon ion therapy system obtained by the Pharmacovigilance Center of Gansu Province. A descriptive study was conducted on the demographic characteristics, radiotherapy techniques, irradiation site and dose parameters, postoperative follow-up, and adverse event information of 46 tumor patients who received carbon ion therapy and participated in the clinical trial in Wuwei Cancer Hospital, Gansu Province from November 2018 to February 2019. Frequency and percentage were used to describe and analyze the occurrence of adverse events after carbon ion therapy for cancer patients in different groups. All subjects who received radiotherapy were grouped according to the treatment dose and fractionation method.Results:The median age of the 46 patients was 47 years old, and the male to female ratio was 30∶16. There were 15, 5, 8, 9, and 9 patients with head and neck, chest, abdomen, pelvic cavity, and limb spinal tumors, respectively. The total duration of radiotherapy was 2-4 weeks for 10-16 times. There were 246 adverse events in 45 cases, with an incidence of 98%. No severe adverse events occurred. The adverse events definitely related to carbon ion devices accounted for 19.1%, and no severe adverse events related to carbon ion devices occurred. According to the evaluation criteria of common terminology criteria for adverse events (CTCAE), the main adverse events were CTCAE grade 2 and below, with only 1 (2%) head and neck tumor patient (nasopharyngeal malignant tumor) experienced CTCAE grade 3 adverse events after treatment. In addition, 43 patients developed acute adverse reactions, with an incidence of 93%, mainly involving the skin, mucosa, eyes, ears, pharynx and esophagus, upper gastrointestinal tract, lower gastrointestinal tract (including pelvic cavity), lung, genitourinary tract, heart, central nervous system and hematology (white blood cells, platelets and neutrophils), etc. Conclusion:The adverse reactions of patients treated with the first carbon ion therapy system are mainly CTCAE grade 2 and below, and the clinical adverse events are mild and controllable.

【Objective】 To analyze the predictive value of serum β-defensin-3 (HBD-3) and decoy receptor 3 (DCR3) for urinary tract infection after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in patients with complex kidney calculi. 【Methods】 A prospective study was conducted on 112 patients treated with PCNL at our hospital during Jan.2020 and Dec.2022.The patients were divided into the non-infection group (52 cases) and infection group (60 cases).The general data, HBD-3 and DCR3 levels of the two groups were compared.Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to analyze the predictive value of C reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), HBD-3 and DCR3 levels for postoperative urinary tract infection. 【Results】 Compared with the non-infection group, the infection group had higher levels of HBD-3 [(0.77±0.08) ng/mL vs. (1.36±0.25) ng/mL, P=0.001] and DCR3 [(4.68±0.53) ng/mL vs.(13.21±0.28) ng/mL, P=0.001].Multivariate logistic regression showed that a history of urinary tract surgery, preoperative urinary tract infection, operation time, catheterization time, stone load, type of antibiotics, concomitant renal dysfunction, intraoperative channel type, CRP, PCT, HBD-3 and DCR3 were risk factors of postoperative urinary tract infection (P<0.05).The ROC curve showed that the accuracy of CRP, PCT, and CRP plus PCT were 70.54%, 72.32%, and 78.57%, respectively; the accuracy of HBD-3, DCR3, and HBD-3 plus DCR3 were 69.64%, 75.89%, and 86.61%, respectively. 【Conclusion】 Postoperative urinary tract infection in patients with complex kidney calculi is associated with multiple factors, especially high expression levels of HBD-3 and DCR3.Combined detection has high predictive value.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of the overexpression of autophagy-related gene 3 (ATG3) on autophagy and salinomycin-induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells and explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS: We used the lentivirus approach to establish a breast cancer cell line with stable overexpression of ATG3. Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining and transmission electron microscopy were used to analyze the effect of ATG3 overexpression on autophagy in breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Using the AKT/mTOR agonists SC79 and MHY1485, we analyzed the effect of AKT/mTOR signal pathway activation on ATG3 overexpression-induced autophagy. Western blotting and flow cytometry were used to analyze the effect of autophagy on apoptosis of the ATG3-overexpressing cells treated with salinomycin and 3-MA (an autophagy inhibitor). RESULTS: In ATG3-overexpressing MCF-7 cells, ATG3 overexpression obviously promoted autophagy, inhibited the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, significantly weakened salinomycin-induced apoptosis ( < 0.01), caused significant reduction of the levels of the pro-apoptotic proteins cleaved-caspase 3 ( < 0.01) and Bax ( < 0.05), and enhanced the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 ( < 0.05). The inhibition of autophagy obviously weakened the inhibitory effect of ATG3 overexpression on salinomycin-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS ATG3 overexpression promotes autophagy possibly by inhibiting the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway to decrease salinomycin-induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells, suggesting that autophagy induction might be one of the mechanisms of drug resistance in breast cancer cells.
Acetates ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; genetics ; Autophagy ; drug effects ; Autophagy-Related Proteins ; metabolism ; Benzopyrans ; pharmacology ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; MCF-7 Cells ; Morpholines ; pharmacology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Pyrans ; pharmacology ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Triazines ; pharmacology ; Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes ; metabolism