Objective To comparison curative effects between radiofrequency coblation and CO 2 laser in treat‐ment of early glottic carcinoma .Methods A total of 104 patients with early glottic cancer (Tis ,T1a ,T1b ) were treated in our department from October 2007 to December 2012 .Among them 64 cases underwent radiofrequency ablation (radiofrequency group) while 40 cases underwent CO2 laser resection (CO2 laser group) .The operation time and the postoperative pain VAS scores were recorded .All of the patients were examined by electronic laryngoscopy and a‐coustic analysis in 1 week ,1 month ,3 months after surgery .Results The mean operation time of radiofrequency group was 8 .75 ± 1 .62(min)and CO2 laser group was 11 .82 ± 1 .51(min) .The radiofrequency group was better than CO2 laser group(P < 0 .05) .The differences of postoperative pain VAS score was not statistically significant be ‐tween radiofrequency group(2 .79 ± 0 .47) and CO2 laser group (2 .96 ± 0 .64)(P> 0 .05) .The mucosal recovery of radiofrequency group in 1 month after surgery was better than the CO2 laser group (χ2 = 13 .842 ,P< 0 .05) .Subjects in radiofrequency group and CO2 laser group showed statistical significance and linear trends in jitter ,shimmer ,HNR over time by univariate test of repeated measurement ANOVA (P < 0 .05) .The differences of acoustic parameters (jitter ,shimmer ,HNR)between radiofrequency group and CO 2 laser group were statistically significant by multiva‐riate test of repeated measurement ANOVA (P< 0 .05) .The differences of 3 - years survival rate ,local recurrence rate ,recurrence rate with anterior commissure involved and postoperative adhesion rate with anterior commissure in ‐volved were not statistically significant between radiofrequency group and CO 2 laser group (P > 0 .05) .All of the patients had not underwent tracheotomy .They did not have cough ,dyspnea ,severe pain ,hemoptysis ,serious compli‐cations after surgery .Conclusion Both radiofrequency coblation and CO 2 laser are safe and effective surgical meth‐ods in the treatment of early glottic carcinoma .The operation time of radiofrequency coblation is shorter than CO 2 laser surgery .The mucosal recovery in 1 month after surgery and acoustic recovery of radiofrequenay coblation are all better than that of the CO2 laser surgery .

Objective: To study changes of serum levels of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) in patients with essential hypertension (EH) and their significance. Methods: A total of 59 EH patients were selected, including 20 cases with EH stage 1 (EH stage 1 group), 19 cases with EH stage 2 (EH stage 2 group) and 20 cases with EH stage 3 (EH stage 3 group). Another 30 healthy subjects were regard as normal control group. Double antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent sandwich assay was used to measure concentrations of HGF and sICAM-1 in all groups, and then the results were compared and analyzed. Results: Compared with normal control group, there were significant increase in serum levels of HGF [(641.65±142.90) pg/ml vs. (998.15±241.38) pg/ml] and sICAM-1 [(161.70±32.36) ng/ml vs. (327.17±31.28) ng/ml] in EH patients (P<0.01 both), and it’s more significant as blood pressure increased (P<0.01). HGF concentration was positively correlated with sICAM-1 concentration (r=0.317, P<0.01). Conclusion: HGF and sICAM-1 may participate in pathogenesis of hypertension, indicating that HGF plays an important role in restore of impaired endothelial cells in hypertension.

The sequences of ITS, matK, rbcL and psbA-trnH of 9 Gynostemma species or variety including 38 samples were compared and analyzed by molecular phylogeny method. Hemsleya macrosperma was designated as outgroup. The MP and NJ phylogenetic tree of Gynostemma was built based on ITS sequence, the results of PAUP phylogenetic analysis showed the following results: (1) The eight individuals of G. pentaphyllum var. pentaphyllum were not supported as monophyletic in the strict consensus trees and NJ trees. (2) It is suspected whether G. longipes and G. laxum should be classified as the independent species. (3)The classification of subgenus units of Gynostemma plants is supported.
Gynostemma ; classification ; genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Plant Proteins ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

This study analysed the tissue specific expression of critical genes involved in chlorogenic acid and luteolin biosynthesis, for exploiting the molecular mechanism of components biosynthesis in Lonicera confusa. Expression of PAL, 4CL, C4H, CHS, CHI, FNS and HQT gene families of chlorogenic acid and luteolin biosynthesis-related genes in buds and leaves of L. confusa were analyed by Real-time PCR. Expressions of PAL1, C4H1, 4CL1, CHS1, CHI3 and HQT2 in buds were lower than that in leaves, and expressions of PAL3, 4CL2, CHI2 and FNS2 in buds were higher than that in leaves. The results indicated that that PAL3 and 4CL2 may be associated with accumulation of chlorogenic acid, and the expression patterns of PAL1, CHS1, CHI3 and HQT2 in buds and leaves of L. confusa were different with L. japonica. This study provided some theoretical basis for the further research on genetic mechanism of active components differences in L. confusa and L. japonica.
Biosynthetic Pathways ; Chlorogenic Acid ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Lonicera ; genetics ; metabolism ; Luteolin ; biosynthesis ; Multigene Family ; Plant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the prenatal diagnosis and prognosis of fetuses with mild ventriculomegaly in order to provide evidence for clinical consultation and treatment.Methods The data of 116 mothers with fetal ventriculomegaly who received prenatal care in Peking University First Hospital between January 1,2013 and May 31,2015 were retrospectively analyzed.All cases of fetal ventriculomegaly were found by ultrasound screening,and were subsequently diagnosed by ultrasound consultation as mild ventriculomegaly.The results of fetal cerebral MRI and invasive prenatal diagnosis were analyzed and the growth and development of babies were followed up by telephone using the Gesell developmental scale.All data was analyzed by descriptive statistics.Results Of the 88 cases of solitary ventriculomegaly,48 (54.5％) received karyotype analysis or screening,and only one case was found to be abnormal,which was an unbalanced translocation.Of the 83 mothers with normal delivery,only one infant (1.2％) showed retardation of intelligence and motor development.Of the 28 cases of non-solitary ventriculomegaly,17 (60.7％) received karyotype analysis or screening,and no abnormalities were found.Of the 18 mothers with normal delivery,only one infant showed retardation of growth and development,and was found to have brain hypoplasia before delivery by MRI with normal karyotype.Conclusions The rate of abnormal karyotype in mild vetriculomegaly is very low in this study.The width of the lateral ventricles is stable during pregnancy and the prognosis of infants is good.Thus,whether invasive prenatal diagnosis is necessary for all the fetuses with isolated mild ventriculomegaly remains to be confirmed.

Objective To assess the patient effective dose during SPECT/CT imaging.Methods A total of 157 patients (85 males,72 females;mean age:(60.46±13.44) years,range:24-88 years) who underwent SPECT/CT from April 2013 to September 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.They were divided into 3 groups:99Tcm-MDP bone scan group (n=113),99Tcm-MIBI parathyroid imaging group (n=23) and 99Tcm-MAA pulmonary perfusion imaging group (n=21).The injection dose (MBq) was recorded and the effective dose (mSv) was estimated according to the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) guideline.The volume-weighted computed tomography dose index (CTDIvol) and dose length product (DLP) of CT were also recorded and the effective dose (mSv) due to CT was calculated.The effective doses among different groups were statistically compared by Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test and Wilcoxon rank sum test.Results The effective dose from radiopharmaceuticals were (4.02±0.35) mSv for 99Tcm-MDP bone scan,(6.13±0.53) mSv for 99Tcm-MIBI parathyroid imaging and (1.66±0.13) mSv for 99Tcm-MAA pulmonary perfusion imaging (x2=96.853;Z =7.533,7.262 and 5.676;all P＜ 0.05).The effective dose due to CT were (3.84±1.98),(1.04±0.19),(4.05±0.47) mSv respectively (x2 =41.225,P＜0.05),and there were significant differences between 99Tcm-MIBI parathyroid imaging group and 99Tcm-MDP bone scan group,99Tcm-MAA pulmonary perfusion imaging group(Z=6.046 and 5.672,both P＜0.05).The total effective dose during SPECT/CT imaging were (7.86± 1.98),(7.21±0.81) and (5.71±0.45) mSv (x2 =28.988,P＜ 0.05).There were significant differences between 99Tcm-MAA pulmonary perfusion imaging group and 99Tcm-MDP bone scan group,99Tcm-MIBI parathyroid imaging group(Z=4.967 and 4.994,both P＜0.05).Conclusions The increase in effective dose due to spiral CT during SPECT/CT examination should be concerned.Appropriate utilization and optimization of SPECT/CT is needed.

Abstract BACKGROUND:Studies have found that Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is associated with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, opening up a new way of studying molecular genetics. So far more than 100 kinds of SOD1 gene mutations have been found. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the hot spot, research front and knowledge base of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis visualy. METHODS:Totaly 4 693 relevant articles published from 2005 to 2014 were retrieved from Web of Science in ISI with “Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase” or “SOD1” as search keywords. With the aid of CiteSpace III software, the visualization mapping of the network in co-cited articles and keywords was drawn to reveal knowledge base, hot spots and research front of SOD1. The parameters include the number of published papers and citations within 10 years, distribution of research countries and institutions, main source journals, research area of highly cited papers, keywords with high-frequency and emerging keywords with high-frequency in recent 5 years. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The number of published papers and citations in a year showed a trend of sustained growth. United State, China and Japan rank the top three in this area, in which Chinese Academy of Sciences has a great influence among the research institutions. The research fields of SOD1 focus on neurosciences and neurology, biochemistry and molecular biology and so on. The high impact factors of journals with a large number of articles reflect the importance and innovation of this research. Ten high-cited articles consist of the knowledge base on SOD1, directing to the finding of different sites of SOD1 mutation and the measurement of protein concentrations and activity of SOD. The hot spots of SOD1 mainly focus on oxidative stress, familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis caused by SOD1 mutation and different types of transgenic animal models. The research fronts mainly focus on the finding of pathogenesis in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, such as the aggregation of TDP-43, the interaction between astrocytes and motor neurons, optineurin and the inhibitor of nuclear factor-κB, hexanucleotide repeat expansion in C9ORF72 and autophagy.

Objective To assess the value of two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) of predicting the acute response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in patients with congestive heart failure. Methods Twenty-four patients with congestive heart failure scheduled for CRT were included. 2D-STE was performed within 7 days of implantation with device ON and OFF. Left ventricular (LV) dyssynchrony was defined as an interval ≥130 ms for the absolute difference in time to peak radial strain for the anteroseptal wall versus the posterior wall (T_(AS-POST)) with 2D-STE. Acute hemodynamic response was measured as LVdp/dt, and percentage change in LVdp/dt was used to classify responders (Δdp/dt%＞25%) and nonresponders (Δdp/dt%≤25%). Results Fifteen patients (62.50%) were classified as acute responders. Compared with nonresponders, the responders demonstrated significant increase of LV ejection fraction and reduction of TAS-POST after CRT-ON. T_(AS-POST)was the only determinants of Δdp/dt%＞25%. T_(AS-POST)≥130 ms prognosticated acute response to CRT with sensitivity of 86.24% and specificity of 70.38%. Conclusion CRT can immediately increase the LV systolic function and synchrony. 2D-STE is highly predictive for acute response to CRT.

Objective To study the best preparation technique of compound Thallus laminaria granules volatile oil-?-cyclodextrin clathrate and examine the stability of the elathrate.Methods The orthogonal design method was used to optimize the formulation.The yeild of the volatile oil and the content of the clathrate were used as the test target.Results The best preparation process was as follows:?-cyclodextrin:compound Thallus laminaria=12:1(g?mL~(-1)),at 50～60℃for 2 hours.Making distillation twice while adding water to the first decoction, steaming 1h after boiling;A_2 B_1 was the best extraction scheme.Conclusion The preparation process can be a scheme to obtain the clathrate with high content of effective component,which can be used in the preparation of the clathrate.

Alzheimer Disease ; metabolism ; therapy ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; immunology ; metabolism ; Antibodies ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Immunotherapy