OBJECTIVETo systematically optimize the cultivation conditions of adventitious roots of Pseudostellaria heterophylla.

METHODTissue cultivation technology and ultraviolet spectrophotometry were adopted to observe the effect of inoculum volume, sucrose concentration, inorganic salt concentration, number of cultivation days, gradual scale-up cultivation and bubble different angles of bioreactor on the growth of adventitious roots of P. heterophylla, and determine the content of constituents such as saponin, polysaccharide and amino acid.

RESULTThe propagation multiple of adventitious roots reached the maximum when the inoculum was 6 g in a 1 L culture shake flask. With the increase in sucrose concentration, the dry weight propagation multiples of adventitious roots followed an up and down trend. The inorganic salt concentration in a cultivation dish had a greater effect on the growth of adventitious roots, particularly 3/4 MS was the most favorable for the growth of adventitious roots. The growth curve of P. heterophylla was "S", with the biomass reaching the maximum at the 28th day.

CONCLUSIONThe inoculum volume, sucrose concentration, inorganic salt concentration, gradual scale-up cultivation and angles of bubble bioreactor had a significant effect on the growth of adventitious roots of P. heterophylla. The contents of saponin and amino acid in adventitious roots were higher than that in cultivated P. heterophylla, whereas the polysaccharide content were lower than that in cultivated P. heterophylla.

Amino Acids ; metabolism ; Biomass ; Bioreactors ; Caryophyllaceae ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Plant Roots ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Polysaccharides ; metabolism ; Saponins ; metabolism ; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet ; Time Factors ; Tissue Culture Techniques ; instrumentation ; methods

The study is aimed to distinguish morphological characteristics of Dalbergiae Lignum collected from crude drug's markets and establish a identification methods and the quality standard for Dalbergiae Lignum. The macroscopic and microscopic features of Dalbergiae Lignum from crude drug's market were observed, analyzed and compared according to Hongmu specification issued by the People's Republic of China in 2000, and by the characteristics recorded in domestic monograph of Mucai Shibie (wood identification). The redwood of Dalbergiae Lignum cut into small pieces as medicinal material are dry heart wood of mahogany (trees from Dalbergia sp.), which characteristics of the small pieces as crude drug are different. There are differences in macroscopic and microscopic features about texture of wood and color, odor, taste, transverse section, radial section, tangential section. The results can provide basis for identification, application and improment of the quality standard of Dalbergiae Lignum as medicinal material.
China ; Dalbergia ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; classification ; Herbal Medicine ; economics ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; classification ; Quality Control ; Xylem ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry

Sailonggu, a traditional Chinese medicine is whole skeleton of Myospalax baileyi, which is a kind of animal of rodent from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China. Osteon Myospalacem Baileyiis the first category medicinal materials of China Food and Drug Administration. For better quality control, a method of the morphological identification of Osteon Myospalacem Baileyi was established by means of studying characteristics of the animal skeleton, it's microscopic characteristics of powder, and literatures comparison. The characteristics of Osteon Myospalacem Baileyi were observed and recorded in detail and marked by number, which could be used for identifying crude drug of Osteon Myospalacem Baileyi efficiently.
Animals ; Bone and Bones ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; China ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Rodentia ; anatomy & histology

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI)for the differential diagnosis of the adenoid cystic carcinoma and pleomorphic adenoma of the head and neck.Methods Thirty-one pa-tients with histopathologically proved adenoid cystic carcinoma and pleomorphic adenoma were examined with DCE-MRI,in which 10 cases were benign and 21 cases were malignant.The data of the conventional 3.0T DCE-MRI were improved by the 3D fast spoiled gradient-echo sequence (FSPGR)method.Z-test was performed on the quantitative parameters for benign and malignant le-sions,including volume transfer constant (Ktrans ),rate constant (Kep )and extravascular extracellular space fraction (Ve ).The re-ceiver operating characteristic (ROC)curves were plotted to investigate the diagnosis.Results The mean Ktranss of the adenoid cystic carcinoma group and pleomorphic adenoma group were (0.266 ± 0.103 )min-1 and (0.1 55 ± 0.080)min-1 respectively,and the difference between them were statistically significant (Z =-2.699,P < 0.05).The difference between the keps of the aforementioned two groups was of statistical significance (Z =-2.263,P < 0.05),while that of the ves is without statistical significance (Z =-1.132, P >0.05).The areas under the ROC curves of the Ktrans and kep were 0.813 and 0.763 respectively.Choosing the optimal diagnostic cut-off points corresponding to the maximum Youden indexes 0.173 min-1 and 0.818 min-1 ,the sensitivities of Ktrans and kep for identifying the adenoid cystic carcinoma and pleomorphic adenoma were 90.9% and 81.8%,and the specificities were 77.8% and 66.7%.Ktrans was of the highest sensitivity and specificity for the identification of the adenoid cystic carcinoma and pleomorphic adenoma.Conclu-sion The dynamic contrast-enhanced parameter Ktrans plays a certain role in the differential diagnosis of the adenoid cystic carcinoma and pleomorphic adenoma of the head and neck.

OBJECTIVE: To establish a multiplex STR genotyping method for autosomal STR and Y-STR loci in forensic biological practice. METHODS: Widely used autosomal STR loci and Y-STR loci were selected. A set of PCR primers was designed, and a 5-dye fluorescent labeled STR multiplex PCR reagent kit was developed. RESULTS: A kit was developed which can simultaneously detect 15 autosomal STR loci, 10 Y-STR loci, and an Amelogenin. CONCLUSION The 15 autosomal STR plus 10 Y-STR kit in combination with capillary electrophoresis method was used to STR genotyping with accurate and reliable results. The new one-step testing kit can potentially be widely used in forensic cases and DNA databank in the future.
Amelogenin ; Chromosomes, Human, Y/genetics* ; DNA Primers ; Databases, Nucleic Acid ; Forensic Genetics/methods* ; Genotype ; Genotyping Techniques/instrumentation* ; Humans ; Indicators and Reagents ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction

Adenine ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Adult ; Aged ; Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Guanine ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organophosphonates ; therapeutic use ; Quality of Life ; Young Adult

This study was conducted to investigate the paclitaxel loaded by hydrazone bonds in poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(caprolactone) micelles (mPEG-PCL-PTX) on proliferation and apoptosis of human lung cancer A549 cells and its possible mechanisms of anti-tumor activity. The cell proliferation was measured with MTT assay. Flow cytometry were used to analyze the cell cycle. The cell apoptosis was analyzed using Hoechst/P staining. The expression levels of apoptotic genes expression in the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The mPEG-PCL-PTX could inhibit the proliferation of A549 cells and promote the apoptosis. The Bax, caspase-3 protein expression were increased while Bcl-2 protein expression was decreased in A549 cells. Results showed that the polymer containing hydrazone bond is non-toxic in vitro, the mPEG-PCL-PTX micelles can inhibit the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of A549 cells. Key words: paclitaxel; micelle; A549 cell; proliferation; cell cycle; apoptosis
Apoptosis ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Micelles ; Paclitaxel ; pharmacology ; Polyesters ; Polyethylene Glycols ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

Objective To investigate renal tissue changes in rats exposed to 16 Hz/130 dB infrasound.Methods Twenty male Sprague-Dawley adult rats were randomly divided into a control group,a pseudo-infrasound group,and two infrasound groups-A and B.Groups A and B were exposed to 16 Hz/130 dB infrasound for 2 h or4 h daily respectively over 7 days.Pathological and uhrastruetural changes in their renal tissues were observed with a light microscope and an electron microscope.Results Under the light microscope,Bowman's capsules expanded,epithelial cells were shed,and a little secretion was found in the renal tubules of infrasound group A.Slight degeneration and necrosis of the renal tubules and glomerular exudation could be observed in group B.Under the electron microscope,a large number of lysosomes displayed hyperplasia,there was interstitial edema,and leukocyte pavementing wag found in group B.Other changes such as swelling of podocytes' processes,fusion of foot processes,and vacuolization in the mitochondria could be observed in both infrasound groups.Conclusion Lengthy exposure to 16 Hz/130 dB infrasound can cause severe pathological and uhrastruetural changes in renal tissue,at least in rats.

Objective To summarize the imaging features of multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT) in primary pulmonary lymphoma (PPL),in order to provide effective imaging diagnostic basis for clinical diagnosis.Methods The MSCT findings of 11 patients with PPL in Dalian Municipal Friendship Hospital from January 2010 to March 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.Results Among the 11 patients,pulmonary non-Hodgkin lymphoma was in 9 cases,of which pulmonary mucosa-associated lowgrade marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (MALT lymphoma) was in 7 cases,pulmonary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) was in 2 cases,and pulmonary Hodgkin lymphoma was in 2 cases.Single lesion was in 2 cases,and multiple lesions was in 9 cases.Nodules and mass type was in 6 cases,solid type in 2 cases,interstitial type in 1 case,and mixed type was in 2 cases.Consolidations with air bronchogram was in 6 cases,ground-glass opacity like nodules in 3 cases,angiogramsign in 4 cases,perilymphatic and/or peribronchovascular spread in 4 cases,and lymphadenopathies were in 2 cases.Conclusions Although the imaging diagnosis of primary lung lymphoma is difficult,MSCT has certain characteristics,and improving the identification of corresponding signs has certain guiding significance for clinical practice.

BACKGROUND:The intestine is not only the main target attacked by sepsis but also the vital organ which mediated sepsis. The recovery of the damaged intestinal barrier structure and function is related to the occurrence and outcome of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). How to protect and reduce the damage of the intestinal mucosa and how to promote the reconstruction of the intestinal mucosa have been the important topics in sepsis for many years. This study aimed to investigate the influential factors of intestinal mucosal reconstruction after intestinal epithelial injuryin vivo in a mouse model of sepsis.METHODS:Mice were subjected to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) for induction of sepsis to assess intestinal mucosal damage, epithelial cell apoptosis, and transformed number of goblet cells, and to detect the concentration of TNF-α, IL-1 and TGF-β1 and TFF3 (trefoil factor 3) expression in the small intestinal mucosa. All above were performed by HE staining, western blot, ELISA and immunohistochemistry respectively. The experimental animals were divided into a sepsis group and a sham-operation group. The animals with sepsis were separately killed at 6 (7 animals), 24 (7 animals) and 48 hours (7 animals) after CLP.RESULTS:Injured intestinal mucosa was observed in the 3 groups under a light microscope, in which damage scores in the 24-hour and 48-hour groups were higher than in the 6-hour group and no difference was found between the two groups. Moreover, less of goblet cells or other epithelial cells adjacent to the injured surface migrated into the wound to cover the denuded area. The number of goblet cells was substantially decreased in the three CLP groups compared with the sham-operation group. Protein levels of IL-1 and TNF-α were significantly increased by 3-4 fold at all time points when compared with the sham-operation group, and cleaved caspase-3 by 4 fold. Although TFF3 expression was modestly increased for 6 hours after the onset of CLP, it appeared to decline at 24 hours and 48 hours as shown by Western blot. A similar tendency was observed upon TGF-β1, i.e. the protein level was not elevated at 24 hours and 48 hours, but increased modestly at 6 hours.CONCLUSIONS:Sepsis from CLP shows less restitution on the surface of injured intestinal mucosa. There is evidence that both constant inflammatory reaction and epithelial cell apoptosis may affect mucosal reestablishment of the intestine at the onset of sepsis. Mucosa after severe sepsis showed the state of high inflammation, and declined goblet cell function and mucosal reconstruction, which affected the repair of damaged intestinal barrier. Constant inflammatory reaction, and declined goblet cell function and mucosal reconstruction ability may affect the reestablishment of intestinal mucosa at the onset of sepsis.