Objective To measure the vitamin B1 levels in plasma,erythrocytes and urine of the patients with type 2 diabetes,and to analyze the correlation of vitamin B1 level with the progression of diabetic nephropathy,and to clarify the metabolism of nutrtion mechanism of type 2 diabetic nephropathy.Methods Total 90 patients with type 2 diabetes and 30 healthy volunteers were recruited.According to the levels of microalbuminuria,the patients with type 2 diabetes were divided into non diabetic nephropathy (NDN)group,early diabetic nephropathy (EDN)group and clinical diabetic nephropathy (CDN)group (n=30);the healthy people was used as normal control (NC) group.The vitamin B1 levels in the plasma,erythrocytes and urine were examined with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The correlation of microalbuminuria with the plasma viamin B1 level was analyzed. Results The level of vitamin B1 in plasma of the patients in NC group was (7.1±3.3)μg·L-1,while it was (4.0±2.3)μg·L-1 in NDN group,(3.1±1.0)μg·L-1 in EDN group and (2.3±0.6)μg·L-1 in CDN group. Compared with NC group,the vitamin B1 levels in the plasma in NDN,EDN and CDN groups dropped 43.7%, 56.3%,and 67.6%,respectively (P<0.05). The excretion of vitamin B1 in urine were (2.9 ± 0.8),(9.0 ± 4.7),(11.7±3.9),and (15.6±5.0)μg·L-1 in NC group,NDN group,EDN group and CDN group, respectively.Compared with NC group,the vitamin B1 levels in the urine in NDN,EDN and CDN groups were increased by 2,3 and 4 times,respectively (P<0.05).A negative correlation was found between the level of microalbuminuria and the level of vitamin B1 in plasma (r=-0.62,P=0.013).Conclusion Vitamin B1 deficiency can be observed in the early stage of diabetic nephropathy,and the level of vitamin B1 is closely correlated with the progression of diabetic nephropathy.

Objective To explore the relationship between the diabetic retinopathy (DR) and the carotid artery intima-media thickness(IMT) in type 2 diabetic patients to reveal the relationship between macroangiopathy and microangiopathy in diabetic patients further. Methods One hundred and tweenty-three diabetic cases in patient chosen from 2008 to 2009 were divided into diabetic retinopathy group(DR) and non-diabetic retinopathy group(NDR) by fundus examination. The patients were asked about their disease history including durations, smoking and so on. Meanwhile the carotid artery IMT, systolic pressure (SBP), diastolic pressure (DBP), serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, glycosylated hemoglobin(HbAlc), body mass index(BMI) were measured of all the cases. The incidence of increased carotid artery IMT was cmpared with χ2 test, as well as the average IMT between the two groups, the influencing factors artery IMT was 50.98%(26/51) in DR group, and 33.33%(24/72) in NDR group, having a statistically significant showed the diabetic retinopathy risk factors were smoking(χ2=6.20, P<0.05), duration(t=-4.13, P<0.01). carotid artery IMT(t=-2.21, P<0.05), SBP(t=-2.37, P<0.05), and HDL-cholesterol(t=4.49, all P<0.01). 12.77, all P<0.01), carotid artery 1MT and smoking(χ2=6.05,4.15, all P<0.05). Conclusions Type 2 diabetic patients complicated with DR have a prominent increase in IMT thickening proportion and average IMT, which reveals the relationship between the DR and the IMT.

Objectives To investigate the prevalence of animal plague in Horqin Right Front County and provide scientific bases for prevention and treatment of the disease.Methods Plague surveillance was carried out according to the requirements of National Plague Monitoring Programme at 3 monitoring points in Horqin Right Front County in 2012.Squirrel density,the number of small rats,rat fleas,pathogenic and serological surveillance of Yersinia pestis were included in the study.Results A total of 356 dauricus were captured,the average density was 0.88 rats/hm2; female and male ratio was 1 ∶ 1.31 and the female embryo rate was 96.46％.The captured 13 small nocturnal mice belonged to 2 species,which included 10 cricetulus barabensis and 3 cricetulus longicaudatus,and the capture rate of small nocturnal mouse was 4.33％ (13/300).A total of 98 rat fleas were collected from 25 rats; rat flea carrying rate was 100％(25/25) and flea index was 3.92.Eighty rat burrows were detected,and flea index was 0.188.Pathogen test results were negative.Indirect hemagglutination test was used to examine 356 rat sera and 1 serum was positive.Conclusions Detection of positive rat sera has proved the existence of plague epidemic in Horqin Right Front County.Therefore,the work on plague prevention and control has a long way to go.

To decrease the oxygen content in the cell is a key method to improve hydrogen production in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.A new approach was developed by transforming the leghemoglobin gene lba,which has high affinity to oxygen,into the chloroplast of C.reinhardtii to get a low dissolved oxygen in the cell and result into improvement of H2 ase activity and H2 yield. The results showed that lba was successfully transformed into the chloroplast of C.reinahrdtii strain 849 and did not affect its growth significantly. The work paved the road for further regulation of lba expression in the chloroplast to improve of hydrogen production of C.reinahrdtii.

Selection and affinities of Cd binding peptides were assayed by phage random dodecapeptide library and affinity chromatography. Two Cd binding peptides were obtained, it was found that the affinities of Cu~ 2+ ,Co~ 2+ ,Zn~ 2+ ,Ni~ 2+ for Cd binding peptides were higher than that of Cd~ 2+ and Cr~ 2+ after detection of the amplified Cd binding peptides displayed phages to different heavy metal-charged resins; the detoxification of E.coli to Ni~ 2+ and Cd~ 2+ was enhanced when infected by Cd binding peptide displayed phages as compared with those of the control. The interaction of Cd binding peptide displayed phages with heavy metals charged resins was also observed under microscope. The work would be of great value and consequences for the study of interaction between heavy metals and proteins(peptides), as well as thedetoxification and bioremediation of heavy metals.

OBJECTIVETo study a feasible method of measuring right ventricular pressure by catheterization in mice.

METHODSMeasuring the right ventricular pressure and the pulmonary artery pressure by homemade PE pipe through venous cannula in external jugular vein, using catheterization in mice with powerlab multimodal biometric signal recording system.

RESULTSForty-six out of 51 mice were experimented with this method smoothly and got a total success rate of 90.2%. Thirty of 33 normal mice and 16 of 18 mice with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) were catheterized successfully. The right ventricular pressure were as follow: systolic blood pressure: (23.4 +/- 5.7) mmHg in normal group vs (32.2 +/- 2.8) mmHg in mice with PAH, diastolic blood pressure: (3.7 +/- 2.6) mmHg vs (3.8 +/- 2.0) mmHg, mean pressure: (12.0 +/- 3.7) mmHg vs (14.9 +/- 2.3) mmHg. After autopsy for those 5 failed cases, we found that 2 cases were into the inferior vena cava, another 2 cases pierced the right auricle and the last one punctured the axillary vein into the chest wall.

CONCLUSIONMeasuring the right ventricular pressure through venous cannula in external jugular vein with homemade PE pipe in mice gets not only a high success rate but also help to save time. Moreover, this method can be popularized easily. It is a good and feasible method for measuring right ventricular pressure in mice.

Objective To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of different HbA1C cutoff points for diabetes diagnosis in high risk outpatients in Harbin.Methods A total of 2 122 high risk outpatients(male 1 032 and female 1 090)for diabetes screening in the Fourth affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from April 2013 to February 2015 were included in this study, with the average age of(49.26±13.00)year. Oral glucose tolerance tests(OGTT)were conducted and HbA1C levels were examined in these patients. The sensitivity and specificity of different HbA1C cutoff points were calculated and a receiver operator characteristic(ROC)curve was then built.Results The average level of HbA1C in these subjects was(6.45±1.72)%. The prevalence of diabetes was 41.85%. The area under ROC curve(AUC)was 0.89 with the optimal cutoff point of HbA1C 6.0% and 0.68 for the highest Yonden index. The sensitivity and specificity of HbA1C 6.0% were 84.01% and 83.67% respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of HbA1C 6.5% were 62.84% and 95.92%, respectively. The AUC of HbA1C≥6.5% was 0.732. Conclusion HbA1C works well as the diagnostic standard for diabetes in high risk outpatients of Harbin city. The cutoff point of HbA1C 6.0% is suitable for screening diabetes in high risk population, and HbA1C 6.5% is appropriate for diabetes diagnosis, with high sensitivity and specificity.

Humans ; Moxibustion ; Depression ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Gastroesophageal Reflux ; Esophagitis, Peptic

The prokaryotic expression plasmid pET-30a(+)/sBLyS was constructed and transformed into E. coli BL21 (lambda DE3). The recombinant protein was found to be highly expressed by the plight of soluble part and inclusion body. For the sake of enhancing the proportion of the soluble part, inducement at 16 degrees C for 12 h was ascertained. The expressing product was then purified by Ni2+ affinity chromatography gel. PI of the recombinant human sBLyS(rhsBLyS) is about 7.1-7.3 and it assembles into a homotrimer. The effect of rhsBLyS on B lymphocytes by MTT method told us the B lymphocytes' proliferating capacity dose depended on concentration and also stimulating time of the rhsBLys. With rhsBLyS(2 micrograms/mL) stimulating 3 days, B lymphocytes can proliferate the most.
B-Cell Activating Factor ; B-Lymphocytes ; drug effects ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; Humans ; Isoelectric Point ; Lymphocyte Activation ; drug effects ; Membrane Proteins ; biosynthesis ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Temperature ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; biosynthesis ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology

To investigate the effects of human anti-BAFF scFv-Fc against the hsBAFF, ICR mice were randomly divided into six groups: control, hsBAFF (1 mg x kg(-1)), hsBAFF (1 mg x kg(-1)) + Ab (1 mg x kg(-1)), hsBAFF (1 mg x kg(-1)) + Ab (2 mg x kg(-1)), hsBAFF (1 mg x kg(-1)) + human IgG (1 mg x kg(-1)) and hsBAFF (1 mg x kg(-1)) + human IgG (2 mg x kg(-1)) groups. The effects of scFv-Fc administration on the proliferation of B lymphocytes were evaluated using an MTT assay. The titres of antibody in the serum and B lymphocytes differentiation were assessed by ELISA and flow cytometry, respectively. The results showed that administration of scFv-Fc to mice injected with hsBAFF significantly prevented human BAFF-induced increases in splenic B cell numbers and serum immunoglobulin levels. Furthermore, this fully human antibody would avoid inducing the human anti-mouse antibody (HAMA) response when used in humans. These findings suggest that the compact antibody may be useful in therapeutic or diagnostic application of the BAFF-associated autoimmune diseases in human.
Animals ; B-Cell Activating Factor ; immunology ; metabolism ; B-Lymphocytes ; cytology ; Body Weight ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments ; immunology ; metabolism ; Immunoglobulin G ; blood ; immunology ; Immunoglobulin M ; blood ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Random Allocation ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; immunology ; metabolism ; Single-Chain Antibodies ; immunology ; metabolism ; Spleen ; cytology